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801.
802.
Fakir Shahidullah Tareq Min Ah Lee Hyi-Seung Lee Jong-Seok Lee Yeon-Ju Lee Hee Jae Shin 《Marine drugs》2014,12(2):871-885
Concerning the requirements of effective drug candidates to combat against high rising multidrug resistant pathogens, we isolated three new linear lipopeptides, gageostatins A–C (1–3), consisting of hepta-peptides and new 3-β-hydroxy fatty acids from the fermentation broth of a marine-derived bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Their structures were elucidated by analyzing a combination of extensive 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic data and high resolution ESIMS data. Fatty acids, namely 3-β-hydroxy-11-methyltridecanoic and 3-β-hydroxy-9,11-dimethyltridecanoic acids were characterized in lipopeptides 1 and 2, respectively, whereas an unsaturated fatty acid (E)-7,9-dimethylundec-2-enoic acid was assigned in 3. The 3R configuration of the stereocenter of 3-β-hydroxy fatty acids in 1 and 2 was established by Mosher’s MTPA method. The absolute stereochemistry of amino acid residues in 1–3 was ascertained by acid hydrolysis followed by Marfey’s derivatization studies. Gageostatins 1–3 exhibited good antifungal activities with MICs values of 4–32 µg/mL when tested against pathogenic fungi (R. solani, B. cinerea and C. acutatum) and moderate antibacterial activity against bacteria (B. subtilis, S. aeureus, S. typhi and P. aeruginosa) with MICs values of 8–64 µg/mL. Futhermore, gageostatins 1–3 displayed cytotoxicity against six human cancer cell lines with GI50 values of 4.6–19.6 µg/mL. It is also noteworthy that mixed compounds 1+2 displayed better antifungal and cytotoxic activities than individuals. 相似文献
803.
Kowarik M Numao S Feldman MF Schulz BL Callewaert N Kiermaier E Catrein I Aebi M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5802):1148-1150
N-linked protein glycosylation is found in all domains of life. In eukaryotes, it is the most abundant protein modification of secretory and membrane proteins, and the process is coupled to protein translocation and folding. We found that in bacteria, N-glycosylation can occur independently of the protein translocation machinery. In an in vitro assay, bacterial oligosaccharyltransferase glycosylated a folded endogenous substrate protein with high efficiency and folded bovine ribonuclease A with low efficiency. Unfolding the eukaryotic substrate greatly increased glycosylation. We propose that in the bacterial system, glycosylation sites are located in flexible parts of folded proteins, whereas the eukaryotic cotranslational glycosylation evolved to a mechanism presenting the substrate in a flexible form before folding. 相似文献
804.
805.
The effect of pelleting on in situ rumen degradability of compound feed containing brown rice for dairy cows 下载免费PDF全文
Shin‐ichi Tagawa Norio Yoshida Yukihiro Iino Ken‐ichi Horiguchi Toshiyoshi Takahashi Maria Watanabe Kei Takemura Syuhei Ito Toyoji Mikami 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(1):185-189
This study was conducted to determine the effect of pelleting on in situ dry matter degradability of pelleted compound feed containing brown rice for dairy cows. Mash feed of the same composition was used as a control and the in situ study was conducted using three non‐lactating Holstein steers fitted with a rumen cannula. The feeds contained 32.3% brown rice, 19.4% rapeseed meal, 11.4% wheat bran and 10.6% soybean meal (fresh weight basis). Except for moisture content, the chemical composition of the feed was not affected by pelleting. In situ dry matter disappearance of the feed increased from 0 to 2 h and after 72 h of incubation with pellet processing. Integration of the dry matter disappearance values over time revealed that degradability parameter a (soluble fraction) increased with pellet processing, whereas parameter b (potentially degradable fraction) decreased. Parameter c (fractional rate of degradation) and effective degradability (5% passage rate) were not affected by pellet processing. We concluded that pellet processing promotes rumen degradability at early incubation hours when the pelleted feed contains brown rice. 相似文献
806.
Shin‐ichi KITAMURA Kazuyuki KUDO Koichi CHIKUNI Itaru WATANABE Toshihide NISHIMURA 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(4):501-505
In this study, we examined the contribution of the cathepsins (cathepsin D and crude cathepsins containing cathepsins B and L) to troponin T degradation during postmortem aging. The action of cathepsin D on troponin T was examined at various pHs (pH 4.0–6.5). The degradation of intact troponin T was observed at pH 4.0, but not observed at pH 5.5 and 6.5. As a result of the degradation of troponin T, the 30 kDa fragment was not generated in any pH condition. The action of the crude cathepsins on troponin T was also examined at various pHs (pH 4.0–6.5). The intact troponin T was degraded at pH 4.0 and the 30 kDa fragments were observed. These 30 kDa fragments disappeared during further incubation. On the other hand, at pH 5.5 and 6.5, the intact troponin T was degraded and the 30 kDa fragment was accumulated. These results suggested that the cathepsin D scarcely contributed to the degradation of troponin T during postmortem aging, but crude cathepsins containing cathepsins B and L were partially involved in the degradation of troponin T and the generation of 30 kDa fragments. 相似文献
807.
Jinsheng Cui Eunji Kim Dong Hyun Moon Tae Ho Kim Ilnam Kang Yeonjung Lim Daniel Shin Sunghoon Hwang Young Eun Du Myoung Chong Song Munhyung Bae Jang-Cheon Cho Jichan Jang Sang Kook Lee Yeo Joon Yoon Dong-Chan Oh 《Marine drugs》2022,20(6)
Two new lipo-decapeptides, namely taeanamides A and B (1 and 2), were discovered from the Gram-positive bacterium Streptomyces sp. AMD43, which was isolated from a mudflat sample from Anmyeondo, Korea. The exact molecular masses of 1 and 2 were revealed by high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the planar structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated using NMR spectroscopy. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined using a combined analysis of 1H-1H coupling constants and ROESY correlations, the advanced Marfey’s method, and bioinformatics. The putative nonribosomal peptide synthetase pathway for the taeanamides was identified by analyzing the full genome sequence data of Streptomyces sp. AMD43. We also found that taeanamide A exhibited mild anti-tuberculosis bioactivity, whereas taeanamide B showed significant bioactivity against several cancer cell lines. 相似文献
808.
Artificial potassium silicate fertilizer (PSF) is a typical slow-release potassium fertilizer. However, the exact minerals that are released by PSF and the nutrients that are made available to plants remain unclear. This study quantitatively investigated the behaviour of nutrients released from PSF by the batch-release test and their supply to plants by the plant growth tests, respectively, to determine the quantitative relationship between nutrients released from PSF and taken up by the plant. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that kalsilite, åkermanite, and potassium–magnesium silicate were the most abundant crystalline minerals in PSF. The XRD peaks of åkermanite and potassium–magnesium silicate were absent after citric acid extraction at a liquid/solid ratio of 20 to 100 (CA20 and CA100). Magnesium-use efficiencies in PSF (11%) and residue treatments after ammonium acetate extraction (AC, 10%) were higher than those in residue treatments after CA20 (1.8%) and CA100 (6.0%). Potassium (%) released by AC in the batch-release test (4.5%) was compatible with the difference of potassium-use efficiencies between the treatments of PSF (21%) and the AC-residue (16%). Likewise, potassium (%) released by CA20 (8.8%) was lower than the difference of potassium-use efficiencies between the treatments of PSF (21%) and CA20-residue (7.9%). This study suggests that potassium is rapidly released from potassium–magnesium silicate in PSF and is readily available to plants. 相似文献