Antitumor activity of compounds isolated from leaves of Eriobotrya japonica   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Ito H  Kobayashi E  Li SH  Hatano T  Sugita D  Kubo N  Shimura S  Itoh Y  Tokuda H  Nishino H  Yoshida T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(8):2400-2403

In a search for possible antitumor agents from natural sources, megastigmane glycosides and polyphenolic constituents isolated from the leaves of Eriobotrya japonica (Rosaceae) were found to inhibit the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced activation of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen in Raji cells. Roseoside and procyanidin B-2 were among the active compounds found in an in vitro assay; these compounds were further assessed for antitumor activity in vivo in a two-stage carcinogenesis assay on mouse skin. Roseoside significantly delayed carcinogenesis induced by peroxynitrite (initiator) and TPA (promoter), and its potency was comparable to that of a green tea polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate, in the same assay.  相似文献   

Genetic tracing shows segregation of taste neuronal circuitries for bitter and sweet     

Sugita M  Shiba Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5735):781-785

The recent discovery of mammalian bitter, sweet, and umami taste receptors indicates how the different taste qualities are encoded at the periphery. However, taste representations in the brain remain elusive. We used a genetic approach to visualize the neuronal circuitries of bitter and sweet tastes in mice to gain insight into how taste recognition is accomplished in the brain. By selectively expressing a transsynaptic tracer in either bitter- or sweet and/or umami-responsive taste receptor cells, and by comparing the locations of the tracer-labeled neurons in the brain, our data revealed the potential neuronal bases that underlie discrimination of bitter versus sweet.  相似文献   

Subaru telescope observations of Deep Impact     

Sugita S  Ootsubo T  Kadono T  Honda M  Sako S  Miyata T  Sakon I  Yamashita T  Kawakita H  Fujiwara H  Fujiyoshi T  Takato N  Fuse T  Watanabe J  Furusho R  Hasegawa S  Kasuga T  Sekiguchi T  Kinoshita D  Meech KJ  Wooden DH  Ip WH  A'Hearn MF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,310(5746):274-278

The impact cratering process on a comet is controversial but holds the key for interpreting observations of the Deep Impact collision with comet 9P/Tempel 1. Mid-infrared data from the Cooled Mid-Infrared Camera and Spectrometer (COMICS) of the Subaru Telescope indicate that the large-scale dust plume ejected by the impact contained a large mass (approximately 10(6) kilograms) of dust and formed two wings approximately +/-45 degrees from the symmetric center, both consistent with gravity as the primary control on the impact and its immediate aftermath. The dust distribution in the inner part of the plume, however, is inconsistent with a pure gravity control and implies that evaporation and expansion of volatiles accelerated dust.  相似文献   

Induced expression of c-fos in the diencephalon and pituitary gland of goats following transportation     

Maejima Y  Aoyama M  Abe A  Sugita S 《Journal of animal science》2005,83(8):1845-1853

To identify regions of the caprine diencephalone and pituitary gland related to transportation stress, the expression of c-fos protein was examined immunohistochemically as an indicator of neural activation. Ten castrated Shiba goats (Capra hircus), five transported and five controls, were used. Transported goats were trucked for 1 h and killed by transcardiac perfusion 1 h after the end of transportation. Control goats were housed in single pens killed in the same manner and at the same time as the transported goats. The diencephalon and the pituitary gland were removed after perfusion and used for immunostaining. Plasma cortisol concentrations during and after transportation also were investigated. During transportation, plasma cortisol concentrations increased (P < 0.05) compared with those in the controls. In the diencephalon, c-fos immunoreactive cells were detected in the subcallosa, the lateral septal area, the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST), the preoptic hypothalamic area (POA), the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the supraoptic nucleus, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus parvocellular (PVNp), the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus magnocellular (PVNm), the arcuate nucleus (ARC), the paraventricular thalamic nucleus, and the stria medullaris in both control and transported goats. The numbers of c-fos immunoreactive cells were increased (P < 0.05) by transportation in the PVNm, the PVNp, the BNST, the POA, the ARC, and the SCN (P < 0.10). In the anterior pituitary gland, the number of c-fos immunoreactive cells in transported goats was 4 to 30 times as much as in control goats; however, there were no differences in the intermediate and posterior lobes between control and transported goats. This study has identified regions in the caprine diencephalon and pituitary gland that show transport-induced increases in c-fos immunoreactive cells. In conclusion, the PVNm, the PVNp, the BNST, the POA, the SCN in the diencephalons, and the anterior lobe of pituitary gland may be involved in the stress responses of goats to transportation.  相似文献   

Short-term transportation in a small vehicle affects the physiological state and subsequent water consumption in goats     

Masato AOYAMA  Akihito NEGISHI  Akiko ABE  Yuko MAEJIMA  Shoei SUGITA 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(4):526-533

We investigated the physiological effects on goats of transportation for one hour in a small truck. We also investigated food and water consumption after transportation. Eight adult goats (four castrated males and four ovariectomized females) were used. Plasma levels of cortisol, glucose and free fatty acids increased significantly within 15 min of the start of transportation, and these higher levels were maintained throughout transportation. These results indicate that transportation in a small truck activates the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system in goats. Despite activation of the sympathetic nervous system, heart rate (HR) in subjected animals during transportation did not differ from during the control animals, which were housed in their usual pen. However, after the transportation had ended and the goats started to eat fodder, HR increased significantly. There was no difference in the amount of food consumption between the control and transported goats. Water consumption in the first three hours after transportation was significantly lower in the transported goats than in the controls for the equivalent period. In the subsequent three hours, however, the transported goats consumed more water than the controls. Consequently, the total water consumption of the transported goats did not differ from that of the controls during the six hours after transportation. In conclusion, short-term transportation with a small vehicle activated the HPA axis and the sympathetic nervous system in goats. HR was not increased during transportation, but after the transportation had ended HR in transported goats was higher than that in control goats. After transportation, goats had consumed the same amount of food as control goats, but water consumption during three hours after the transportation was lower than that of control goats.  相似文献   

Molecular sexing of Jungle crow (Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis) and Carrion crow (Corvus corone corone) using a feather     

Emiko FUKUI  Shoei SUGITA  Midori YOSHIZAWA 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(2):158-162

A molecular sexing method using the intron‐size difference between chromo‐helicase‐DNA binding protein (CHD1) genes on the Z and W sex chromosomes (CHD1Z and CHD1W, respectively) was developed for wild Jungle crows and wild Carrion crows. The polymerase chain reaction product sizes were 661 bp for CHD1Z and 465 bp for CHD1W in both the Jungle and the Carrion crows. Each male crow sample produced a single fragment (CHD1Z), whereas female samples produced two fragments (CHD1Z and CHD1W), which differed by 200 bp in crows. In the present study, sexing live Jungle and Carrion crows was performed by applying the method to a feather for molecular sexing.  相似文献   

Vitamin contents of eggs that produce larvae showing a high survival rate in the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica     

Hirofumi Furuita  Tatsuya Unuma  Kazuharu Nomura  Hideki Tanaka  Tsuyoshi Sugita  & Takeshi Yamamoto 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(11):1270-1278

This paper describes the relationship between the egg vitamin concentrations and the egg quality in the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica . No notable relation was found between any vitamin and the fertilization rate. Hatching and survival rates of larvae, however, significantly increased with an elevated level of egg vitamin C (VC). In contrast to VC, the relation between vitamins E (VE) and A (VA) concentrations and survival rate showed a clear peak, with a reduced survival rate at both higher and lower vitamin concentrations. The ratio of VE to lipid or highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) in eggs positively correlated with hatching and survival rates of larvae. High-quality (HQ) eggs were determined as eggs that produced larvae having a survival rate higher than 80% at 8 days post hatch, and low-quality (LQ) eggs were determined as eggs that did not hatch. The level of VC of HQ was significantly higher than LQ. The results of this study suggest that HQ eggs, which produce larvae having a high survival rate, must have high levels of VC and VE/HUFA ratio and contain optimum levels of VA and VE in Japanese eel.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the efficacy of aquaculture feeds for the climbing perch Anabas testudineus: replacement of fishmeal by black soldier fly Hermetia illucens prepupae     

Vongvichith  Bounsong  Morioka  Shinsuke  Sugita  Tsuyoshi  Phousavanh  Nokjalia  Phetsanghanh  Norkeo  Chanthasone  Phonaphet  Pommachan  Phoutsamone  Nakamura  Satoshi 《Fisheries Science》2020,86(1):145-151

Fisheries Science - The growth of the climbing perch Anabas testudineus reared on lower protein feeds with the replacement of fishmeal (FM) by prepupae of the black soldier fly (BSF) Hermetia...  相似文献   

Influence of soya saponin, soya lectin, and cholyltaurine supplemented to a casein-based semipurified diet on intestinal morphology and biliary bile status in fingerling rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss     

Yasuro Iwashita  Nobuhiro Suzuki  Hiroyuki Matsunari  Tsuyoshi Sugita  Takeshi Yamamoto 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(5):1307-1315

To investigate the cause of the changes in intestinal morphology and biliary bile status of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss fed defatted soybean meal (SBM)-based diets, casein-based semipurified diets supplemented with soya saponin, soya lectin, and cholyltaurine were fed to rainbow trout for 6 weeks. An unsupplemented control diet and a SBM-based diet were also tested as references. Poor development of microvilli and pinocytotic vacuoles, and accumulation of large vacuoles in the epithelial cells were observed in the distal intestine of fish fed diets containing saponin but not cholyltaurine. Hyperplastic connective tissue in the mucosal folds of the distal intestine was observed in fish fed a diet containing both saponin and lectin but not cholyltaurine. However, intestinal histological features in fish fed diet supplemented with cholyltaurine and lectin and/or saponin were similar to those in the control diet group. Liver morphology and biliary bile status were not affected by saponin and lectin. These results suggest that the abnormal features of the distal intestine of rainbow trout fed SBM-based diets are caused by the combination of soya saponin and soya lectin, and that supplemental cholyltaurine plays certain roles in normalizing the intestinal abnormalities caused by the saponin and lectin.  相似文献   

蒙古高原中部草地土壤冻融过程及土壤含水量分布   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14  

刘帅  于贵瑞  浅沼顺  杉田伦明  张雷明  赵风华  胡中民  李胜功 《土壤学报》2009,46(1):46-51

利用土壤剖面的温度、湿度观测数据,结合气象资料初步分析了蒙古高原中部典型针茅草原在季节转变过程中(2003～2004年)的土壤冻融过程和土壤含水量分布动态。研究表明,0～150cm深度范围的土壤完全冻结天数为154～160d。冻融日循环主要发生在表层0～5cm。0～30cm土层的土壤含水量变化剧烈,与地温有较好的一致性。0～10cm深度土壤含水量高于其他土层。随着深度的增加,土壤含水量季节波动性变小。冻结过程有利于保持土壤水分,有利于春季草地植被返青。  相似文献