Changes in collagen fiber content and hepatic stellate cell distribution in the liver of chick embryos and growing chickens     

Shotaro NISHIMURA  Akifumi TESHIMA  Vishwajit Sur CHOWDHURY  Shoji TABATA 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(6):499-503

The content of collagen and the distribution of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were studied to elucidate the occurrence of sex‐dependent variations in the liver of developing embryos and growing chickens. Chick embryos from embryonic days (e) 12 to e20 and chicks at 1, 4 and 8 weeks were analyzed. Liver tissue was processed using NaOH maceration and freeze‐dried to obtain the collagen fiber specimens. HSCs were identified by double fluorescent immunohistochemistry for desmin and vimentin. There were no sex‐dependent variations in the percentage of collagen fiber per liver weight and HSC area during embryonic stages. However, the content of collagen fiber increased during embryonic development in both sexes. On the other hand, the area of HSCs significantly increased in growing males but did not show any change in females. Importantly, sex differences were observed in both collagen fiber content and HSC area in the liver at 8 weeks. These results indicate that the occurrence of collagen content variations takes place at 8 weeks in chicken liver, suggesting that a sex‐dependent hormone may play an important role on the collagen production of HSCs in the growing chicken liver.  相似文献   

A single amino Acid change in viral genome-associated protein of potato virus y correlates with resistance breaking in 'virgin a mutant' tobacco     

Masuta C  Nishimura M  Morishita H  Hataya T 《Phytopathology》1999,89(2):118-123

ABSTRACT Tobacco cultivar Virgin A Mutant (VAM) is reported to have the recessive potyvirus resistance gene va. Varied levels of resistance were observed in VAM plants inoculated with Japanese potato virus Y (PVY) isolates. VAM was highly resistant to most of the PVY isolates tested and tolerant to three necrotic strain isolates of PVY-T. Based on data obtained from tissue printing and press blotting, the resistance appeared to be mainly at the level of cell-to-cell movement. PVY replicated in VAM proto-plasts, but the replication was 30% lower than in susceptible tobacco, suggesting that impairment of replication also contributes to resistance. To identify the viral gene product or products involved in VAM resistance, we isolated spontaneous resistance-breaking mutants by passing vein-banding (O strain) isolates several times through VAM plants. By comparing the amino acid sequences of the mutants with their original isolates, we identified a single amino acid substitution in the viral genome-associated protein (VPg) domain that is correlated with VAM resistance breaking. Together, these results suggest that, in addition to its role in replication, VPg plays an important role in the cell-to-cell movement of PVY.  相似文献   

Relationship between development of intramuscular connective tissue and toughness of pork during growth of pigs   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Fang SH  Nishimura T  Takahashi K 《Journal of animal science》1999,77(1):120-130

We investigated changes in structures and properties of the endomysium and perimysium during development of semitendinosus muscle in relation to the increase in toughness of pork using samples from neonates to 55-mo-old pigs. The shear force value of pork increased linearly until 6 mo of age, and the rate of increase slowed down thereafter. The secondary perimysium thickened owing to an increase in the number and thickness of perimysial sheets consisting of collagen fibers, which became thicker and wavy with the growth of the pigs. This increase in thickness of the secondary perimysium was correlated significantly with the increase in the shear force value (r = .98). The endomysial sheaths became thicker and denser in the muscle of 6-mo-old pigs. Maturation of the endomysium was accompanied by hypertrophy of muscle fibers. The amount of heat-soluble collagen decreased almost linearly, indicating that nonreducible cross-links between collagen molecules were formed throughout chronological aging. We conclude that thickening of the perimysium is closely related to an increase in the toughness of pork during growth of pigs.  相似文献   

The posterior nasal nerve plays an important role on cardiopulmonary reflexes to nasal application of capsaicin, distilled water and l-menthol in anesthetized dogs     

Kanamaru A  Mutoh T  Kojima K  Nishimura R  Sasaki N  Kuwahara M  Tsubone H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(1):85-88

The sensory innervation of the cardiopulmonary reflexes to nasal application of capsaicin (CAPS), distilled water (DW) and l-menthol (LM) was studied in anesthetized dogs breathing through tracheostomy. A marked cardiopulmonary reflex was observed by CAPS and DW into the nasal cavity, while a prolongation of expiration was induced by LM. All these reflexes were significantly decreased by bilateral section of the posterior nasal nerve (PNN) and completely abolished by topical nasal anesthesia with lidocaine. Responses of the whole nerve activity of the PNN to these substances corresponded to the magnitude of the reflexes. These results indicate that PNN afferents play an important role on the reflex elicitation of the noxious, water and cold stimuli from the nasal cavity.  相似文献   

Detection and sequence analysis of DNA polymerase and major envelope protein genes in koi herpesviruses derived from Cyprinus carpio in Gunma prefecture, Japan     

Ishioka T  Yoshizumi M  Izumi S  Suzuki K  Suzuki H  Kozawa K  Arai M  Nobusawa K  Morita Y  Kato M  Hoshino T  Iida T  Kosuge K  Kimura H 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,110(1-2):27-33

Koi herpesvirus (KHV), which is believed to be an emerging virus, causes fatal diseases in carps. Since the 1990s, the presence of KHV has been confirmed in several countries. In Japan, from 2003 to 2004, large outbreaks of KHV infection in farmed carps resulted in the death of numerous fishes. From April to May 2004, we collected 43 dead or dying carps exhibiting typical symptoms of KHV infection in Gunma prefecture. To conduct a molecular epidemiologic study of KHV in our prefecture, we amplified DNA polymerase and the major envelope protein genes of KHV derived from carp gills using newly designed primers. We also performed sequence analysis of both genes of KHV. Sensitivity of our PCR method for amplification of DNA polymerase and the major envelope protein genes of KHV was 3 x 10(2) (100 fg) and 3 x 10(3) (1000 fg) copies of KHV genome, respectively. We detected both DNA polymerase and major envelope protein genes in 37 of 43 carps (86%). No mutation was found in both the genes sequenced from 11 strains, which included two foreign strains and one domestic strain. The results suggested that KHV strains derived from carps in our prefecture were closely related genetically to the other KHV strains.  相似文献   

Leukotoxin family genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from domestic animals and prevalence of lukM-lukF-PV genes by bacteriophages in bovine isolates     

Yamada T  Tochimaru N  Nakasuji S  Hata E  Kobayashi H  Eguchi M  Kaneko J  Kamio Y  Kaidoh T  Takeuchi S 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,110(1-2):97-103

Leukotoxin family genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from domestic animals were examined by polymerase chain reaction. LukS and lukF genes were detected in all 48 avian and 72 porcine isolates of S. aureus. LukE and lukD genes, located in a putative staphylococcal pathogenicity island (Sapln3/Saplm3), were recognized in 44 (91.7%) of 48 avian isolates, but these genes were not detected in porcine isolates. In 297 bovine isolates collected from mastitic cow's milk and bulk milk from dairy farms in two regions, lukM and lukF-PV(P83) genes in addition to lukS-lukF and lukE-lukD genes were detected in 100 (62.5%) of the 160 isolates from Ishikawa and in118 (86.1%) of the 137 isolates from Hokkaido. When the lysogeny of S. aureus bovine isolates was examined by treatment with mitomycin C, clearing of the culture due to cell lysis was observed in 34 (91.9%) of 37 lukM-lukF-PV(P83) genes--positive isolates. In addition, we isolated a novel lukM-lukF-PV(P83)-carrying (designated phiLukM), and revealed that the lukM-lukF-PV(P83) genes were located very close to an amidase gene on the temperate phage genomes. These results suggest horizontal transmission of lukM-lukF-PV(P83) genes by temperate bacteriophages in S. aureus of bovine origin.  相似文献   

Consecutive monitoring for conidiogenesis by Oidium neolycopersici on tomato leaves with a high-fidelity digital microscope     

Wataru Oichi  Yoshinori Matsuda  Takeshi Sameshima  Teruo Nonomura  Koji Kakutani  Hiroaki Nishimura  Shin-ichi Kusakari  Hideyoshi Toyoda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2004,70(6):329-332

Conidiogenesis by Oidium neolycopersici KTP-01 on tomato leaves was vitally monitored with a high-fidelity digital microscope. Conidiophores were initially formed 3 days after inoculation and then elongated to a maximum length within at least 12h. The apical part was split into two cells after two successive septations, accompanied by apical expansion. These cells subsequently developed into primary and secondary conidia. An additional septation at the stem portion of the conidiophores produced a generative and a foot cell. Subsequent conidiation occurred during repeated cycles of splitting of the generative cell, maturation of the apical cell into a conidium, and abstriction of the conidium. To our knowledge, this report is the first on the developmental process of conidiogenesis by powdery mildew on host leaves as revealed with the digital microscope.  相似文献   

Crown gall of tobacco caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Agrobacterium tumefaciens</Emphasis> biovar 1 in tobacco fields     

Naruto?FuruyaEmail author  Fumika?Shimokusuzono  Yutaka?Nakamura  Kishiko?Nishimura  Minoru?Takeshita  Nobuaki?Matsuyama  Kayo?Manabe  Youichi?Takanami 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2004,70(1):39-44

Crown gall disease of tobacco was found in Iwate Prefecture, Japan in 1995. Ten bacterial isolates, obtained from the galls of tobacco, were identified as Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend 1907) Conn 1942 biovar 1 based on their ability to induce galls on the 14 tested plants, including tobacco after needle-prick inoculation, and on 12 cultural, physiological, and biological characteristics. The growth of the causal organism was not inhibited in vitro by agrocin of A. radiobacter strain K84. This report is the first on the natural occurrence of crown gall caused by A. tumefaciens on tobacco plants.  相似文献   

Effect of amino acid substitutions in the epitope regions of pyolysin from Arcanobacterium pyogenes     

Imaizumi K  Matsunaga K  Higuchi H  Kaidoh T  Takeuchi S 《Veterinary microbiology》2003,91(2-3):205-213

Pyolysin (PLO), secreted by Arcanobacterium pyogenes, is a novel member of the thiol-activated cytolysin (TACY, cholesterol-dependent cytolysin) family of bacterial toxins. Recently, we demonstrated that the epitopes of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) S, H, C, and G lie in the regions of amino acids regions 55-73, 123-166, 482-506, and 482-506 of PLO, respectively, by the reaction of mAbs with truncated PLOs. In this study, we substituted the amino acids in these epitope regions of PLO by site-directed mutagenesis and examined the effect of these amino acid substitutions. Mutants I70S/R71A/L73S, Y131S/P132S, and L163S/P164S for mAbs H or S completely lost the hemolytic activity of the proteins, but these mutants still bound to erythrocyte membranes. Mutants L495S/W497S and W500S/W501S for mAbs C and G also completely lost their hemolytic activity, but still bound to erythrocyte membranes. In the undecapeptide region of PLO, the cysteine residue required for thiol activation is replaced with alanine. Therefore, we substituted Ala-492 of the undecapeptide region for Cys. The hemolytic activity of this mutant A492C decreased by adding hydrogen peroxide or storing at 4 degrees C, and the decreased hemolytic activity was restored by adding L-cysteine.  相似文献   

Molecular cloning of the canine telomerase reverse transcriptase gene and its expression in neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells     

Yazawa M  Okuda M  Kanaya N  Hong SH  Takahashi T  Ohashi E  Nakagawa T  Nishimura R  Sasaki N  Masuda K  Ohno K  Tsujimoto H 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(11):1395-1400

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