Investigation of Various Essential Factors for Optimum Infrared Thermography     

Keiji OKADA  Kei TAKEMURA  Shigeru SATO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2013,75(10):1349-1353

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Fecal D- and L-lactate, succinate and volatile fatty acid levels, and relationships with fecal acidity and diarrhea in neonatal calves     

Hiroshi SATO  Masateru KOIWA 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(2):187-192

To clarify the significance of fecal organic anions in neonatal diarrhea, a total of 252 fecal samples (91 diarrheic, 161 normal) were collected from 136 dairy calves (including three crossbreds) less than 4 weeks old. Fecal pH, D‐ and L‐lactate, succinate and volatile fatty acid (VFA) were analyzed. In normal feces, lactate was highest and VFA was lowest at week 1 of age, and lactate progressively decreased and VFA progressively increased with advancing age. In diarrheic samples, although higher pH and lower lactate levels were confirmed at week 1, samples at weeks 3–4 showed lower pH and VFA accompanied by higher lactate of D and L‐isomers. In diarrhea, fecal butyrate was significantly lower at all stages, but succinate levels did not differ significantly. The proportion of lactate to organic anions (sum of lactate, succinate and VFA) in diarrheic feces was lower at week 1, and higher in weeks 2–4, while that of VFA to organic anions showed the opposite pattern. Strong relationships were observed between fecal pH and lactate, and VFA proportions in organic anions, though the relationship was weak in diarrhea. Most of the elevated lactate was observed in fecal samples with lower VFA. However, succinate had no relationship with VFA or lactate levels.  相似文献   

Identification of a potent immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotide from Streptococcus thermophilus lacZ     

Takeshi SHIMOSATO  Masanori TOHNO  Takashi SATO  Junko NISHIMURA  Yasushi KAWAI  Tadao SAITO  Haruki KITAZAWA 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(5):597-604

Immunostimulatory sequences of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), such as CpG ODNs, are potent stimulators of innate immunity. Here, we identified a strong immunostimulatory CpG ODN, which we named MsST, from the lac Z gene of Streptococcus (S.) thermophilus ATCC19258, and we evaluated its immune functions. In in vitro studies, MsST had a similar ability as the murine prototype CpG ODN 1555 to induce inflammatory cytokine production and cell proliferation. In mouse splenocytes, MsST increased the number of CD80+CD11c+and CD86+CD11c+ dendritic cells and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. We also analyzed the effects of MsST on the expression of regulatory cytokines by real-time quantitative PCR. MsST was more potent at inducing interleukin-10 expression than the ODN control 1612, indicating that MsST can augment the regulatory T cell response via Toll-like receptor 9, which plays an important role in suppressing T helper type 2 responses. These results suggest that S. thermophilus , whose genes include a strong Immunostimulatory sequence-ODN, is a good candidate for a starter culture to develop new physiologically functional foods and feeds.  相似文献   

鲭鱼鱼肉中组胺菌的分离及其理化性质分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陶志华  张宏梅  佐藤实 《现代农业科技》2009,(19):331-332

利用组氨酸肉汤培养液,对鲭鱼鱼肉中的组胺生成菌进行筛选,然后通过生物化学和形态学实验,进而对组胺生成菌进行分析。结果表明：分离得到2株组胺菌,菌种I在5～25℃的培养温度范围内,随温度升高,组胺生成量逐渐增加,在25℃组胺生成量最高,约2700mg／kg。菌种Ⅱ在20℃组胺生成量最高,约为2000mg／kg。依据2种组胺菌的特征和生理生化特征,分离菌可能分别属于摩尔摩根氏菌、嗜水性气单胞菌属。  相似文献   

市售鱼类及其加工品中组胺含量的调查   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陶志华  佐藤实 《现代农业科技》2009,(19):334-334,336

2006年3月对市售鲭鱼20尾、秋刀鱼30尾、金枪鱼6块等进行组胺含量分析,结果表明,20尾鲭鱼中有1尾组胺含量为20mg／kg;30尾秋刀鱼肉中有1尾组胺含量为16mg／kg,另一尾为10mg／kg;6块金枪鱼样品及其他鱼类样品未能检测到组胺。鲭鱼20尾中1尾检出酪胺23mg／kg,尸胺为36mg／kg,腐胺及亚精胺未检出;秋刀鱼30尾中2尾检出10mg／kg和15mg／kg的酪胺,1尾栓出52mg／kg腐胺,2尾检出35mg／kg和55mg／kg尸胺。  相似文献   

Early metaphase II oocytes treated with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate provide suitable recipient cytoplasm for the production of miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos     

Satoshi SUGIMURA  Ken-ichi YAMANAKA  Manabu KAWAHARA  Takuya WAKAI  Masaki YOKOO  Eimei SATO 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(1):48-57

We investigated the effects of in vitro maturation duration and treatment with dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP) on the blind enucleation efficiency and developmental competence of miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Oocytes were cultured for 22 h in NCSU-23 medium with or without 1 mM dbcAMP and then additionally cultured in dbcAMP-free NCSU-23 for 14, 18, or 22 h. Regardless of dbcAMP treatment, the rate of nuclear maturation reached a plateau at 36 and 40 h. However, mitochondrial distribution, a marker for cytoplasmic maturation, differed between the dbcAMP-untreated oocytes at 36 h and dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h. The metaphase II chromosomes were adjacent to the first polar body in 68.8% and 63.5% of the dbcAMP-untreated oocytes at 36 h and dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h, respectively. Furthermore, the blind enucleation efficiency by removing a small volume of cytoplasm was significantly higher in the dbcAMP-untreated oocytes at 36 h (82.9%) and dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h (89.9%) than other groups. The rate of blastocyst formation was highest in the dbcAMP-treated oocytes at 40 h. Hence, this study demonstrated that dbcAMP-treated early metaphase II oocytes are suitable for the production of miniature pig SCNT embryos.  相似文献   

Influences of Northern Leaf Blight on corn silage fermentation quality,nutritive value and feed intake by sheep     

Peng WANG  Kousaku SOUMA  Yuki KOBAYASHI  Kei IWABUCHI  Chihiro SATO  Takayoshi MASUKO 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(4):487-493

This study examined the differences between non‐inoculated (control) corn and Northern Leaf Blight (NLB)‐damaged corn (inoculated corn); dry matter (DM) yield, silage fermentation quality, nutritive value and feed intake by sheep were compared. Leaf, stem and grain dry weights and gross yield of inoculated corn were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased compared with control corn. The contents of water‐soluble carbohydrate and nitrogen‐free extract (NFE) were decreased in inoculated corn compared with control corn. Silage made from both inoculated and control corn showed good fermentation quality. The digestibility of DM, organic matter, ether extract, NFE, and energy of silage made from inoculated corn were significantly (P < 0.05) lower, and contents of total digestible nutrients (TDN) and digestible energy (DE) were also significantly (P < 0.05) lower compared with silage made from the control corn. DM intake showed no significant discrepancy between the two types of silage. TDN and DE intakes from inoculated silage were significantly (P < 0.05) lower compared with control silage. From the above results it was shown that NLB caused a decrease in DM yield and NFE content in corn and a decrease in the nutritive value and feed intake of silage.  相似文献   

Marigold Leaf Spot Caused by Alternaria tagetica New to Japan     

Keisuke TOMIOKA  Toyozo SATO  Hiroki KOGANEZAWA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2000,66(4):294-298

In October 1998, a disease causing mainly foliar necrotic lesions was found on African marigold (Tagetes erecta) and French marigold (T. patula) grown in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Similar lesions also developed on stems and flowers, resulting in early blight of the affected organs. Plants with numerous lesions withered rapidly. A mitosporic fungus isolated repeatedly from the diseased plants was identified as Alternaria tagetica and demonstrated to cause the disease. The disease, as well as the fungus, is new to Japan. We propose the name “hanten-by?”, which means leaf spot in Japanese, for this disease. Received 5 April 2000/ Accepted in revised form 31 May 2000  相似文献   

A new device for monitoring the activity of freely swimming flatfish, Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

RYO  KAWABE  KATSUAKI  NASHIMOTO  TOMONORI  HIRAISHI  YASUHIKO  NAITO  KATSUFUMI  SATO 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(1):3-10

ABSTRACT:   The tail beat and activity behavior of four captive Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus , were monitored with acceleration data-loggers while the fish swam in an aquarium. Depth, swimming speeds and two-axis acceleration data were collected continuously for approximately 20 h per fish. Simultaneously, the swimming behaviors of the fish were filmed at different angles. Using the specific characteristic of the acceleration profiles, in tandem with other types of data (e.g. speed and depth), four behavioral patterns could be distinguished: (i) 'active' swimming; (ii) burying patterns; (iii) 'inactive' gliding; and (iv) lying on the bottom. Tail beat frequency ranged from 1.65 ± 0.47 to 2.04 ± 0.25 Hz (mean ± SD; n  = 4). Using the relationship between tail beat frequency and swimming speed, the 'preferred' swimming speed of the fish was estimated to be between 0.6 and 1.2 body lengths (BL)/s. Additionally, fish rarely swam faster than 1.2 BL/s. This study shows that the acceleration data-loggers represent a useful and reliable system for accurately recording the tail beat of free-ranging fish and estimating flatfish behavior.  相似文献   

Treatment with a High Dose Combination of PMSG/hCG Preparation of Mares Clinically Diagnosed with Ovarian Quiescence during the Breeding Season (Investigation from 1975 to 2000)     

Tsutomu TSUKADA  Kunitada SATO  Masaharu MORIYOSHI  Masanori KOYAGO  Yutaka SAWAMUKAI 《Journal of Equine Science》2008,19(2):35-38

A total of 88 thoroughbred mares were diagnosed with clinical ovarian quiescence and subjected to four treatment regimens. Using PMSG, hCG or combinations of both. A high dose combination of 5,000IU PMSG with 5,000IU hCG showed significantly higher rates of marked estrus and ovulation induction (P<0.01) as well as conception rates (P<0.05). In the present study, the administration of a high-dose combination of PMSG with hCG was shown to be an effective treatment of ovarian quiescence in light mares.  相似文献