Effects of different teat inserts on wound healing of experimentally incised streak canal in non-lactating cattle     

Kaoru SATO  Kazuyuki SUZUKI  Tadaharu AJITO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2020,82(11):1708

The recurrence of reduced milk flow is a common sequela after placement of teat inserts in the streak canal as a treatment for teat injury. We evaluated the effects of three types of commercial teat inserts on wound healing. Thirty-two normal streak canals of eight cows were incised longitudinally using a teat knife. Then, a wax-bougie, silicone self-retaining cannula, and catgut teat dilator were placed in each cow for 7 days. No insert was placed on the remaining teat as a control. Histopathological examination revealed that granulation polyps with squamous metaplasia developed in the area around the rosette of Furstenberg in most teats in which silicone cannulas and catgut teat dilators were placed, whereas the controls and the teats with wax-bougies healed with less tissue reaction. This study suggests that the placement of irritating inserts, such as a silicone cannula and catgut teat dilator, interfere with wound healing.  相似文献   

The assessment of the effect of presenting a companion's face picture on social isolation stress using saliva sampling in cows     

Shigeru NINOMIYA  Shusuke SATO 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(6):787-791

The effect of presenting a companion's face picture on social isolation stress was assessed by saliva sampling in cows. Three Japanese Black test cows and another companion cow were used. At 09.00 hours, one of the test cows was housed in an experimental pen with the companion in a neighboring pen. At 11.30 hours, the test cow was socially isolated by taking the companion out the neighboring pen. At 12.00 hours, the test cow was exposed to one of four treatments until 15.00 hours; presenting a blank picture (P‐Blank), a white‐ground picture of the companion's face (P‐Com) or an unfamiliar Holstein's face (P‐Hol), or the companion in the neighboring pen and a blank picture (Com). The cows were randomly exposed to all treatments. The cows' saliva were sampled for measuring salivary cortisol and chromogranin A concentrations (Sa‐Cort, Sa‐ChA) at 11.30, 12.00, 12.30 and 14.00 hours. At 12.00 hours, Sa‐ChA was higher than that at 11.30 hours (P < 0.01). At 12.30 hours Sa‐ChA of Com and P‐Com were lower than that of P‐Blank (P = 0.09, P = 0.08). At 14.00 hours Sa‐Cort of Com was lower than that of P‐Blank (P < 0.01), but Sa‐Cort of P‐Com was higher than that of P‐Blank (P < 0.01). It is suggested that P‐Com might decrease isolation stress only a short time, but afterward induced stress in cows.  相似文献   

Fine mapping the number of corpora lutea quantitative trait loci on SSC3: Analysis of the porcine follicle‐stimulating hormone receptor gene     

Shuji SATO  Takeshi HAYASHI  Eiji KOBAYASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(5):633-641

In females, follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) targets a FSH receptor (FSHR) expressed only on granulose cells, inducing maturation of the ovarian follicles. We hypothesized that genetic variants in the FSHR gene influence litter size by affecting the number of corpora lutea. We fine‐mapped a region of Sus Scrofa chromosome 3 that contains quantitative trait loci for corpora lutea. Polymorphisms were detected in the exons and 5′ flanking region of the porcine FSHR gene, a positional candidate for the statistically most significant of the quantitative trait loci. Finally, 248 F₂ animals from a Duroc and Meishan cross were genotyped for three FSHR SNPs at positions 74, 532 and 1166, and these were correlated with the phenotypes of litter size and corpus luteum number. Three haplotypes were identified: M1 (G/G/C), M2 (C/A/T) and D (C/A/C). In the F₂ population, the M1 haplotype was associated with a greater number of corpora lutea (P < 0.01) and also seemed to be associated with increased litter size, although the association was not significant (P = 0.2571). Some polymorphisms resulting in amino acid substitutions in these genes were excluded from the polymorphisms possibly responsible for the number of corpora lutea.  相似文献   

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING APPARENT DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS FOR HISTOLOGICALLY CONFIRMED INTRACRANIAL LESIONS IN DOGS     

JAMES SUTHERLAND‐SMITH  RYAN KING  DOMINIK FAISSLER  ROBIN RUTHAZER  AMY SATO 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2011,52(2):142-148

Diffusion‐weighted imaging is an advanced magnetic resonance imaging technique that is well established in the diagnosis of nonhemorrhagic infarction in people. However, recent investigations into intracranial neoplastic and inflammatory disease in people have identified variable and overlapping results. In this retrospective study of 37 dogs with histologically confirmed intracranial disease, we investigated whether histogram analysis of quantitative apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) can differentiate specific disease processes. Disease categories included: meningiomas, glial cell tumors, choroid plexus tumors, pituitary tumors, inflammatory brain diseases, acute nonhemorrhagic infarcts, chronic nonhemorrhagic infarcts, and hemorrhagic infarcts. A wide range of ADC value distributions were identified within the disease groups, and there were overlapping ADC values between most groups. Low ADC values indicating restricted diffusion of water were identified in acute nonhemorrhagic infarcts as expected, but were also seen in meningiomas, glial cell tumors, and granulomatous meningoencephalitis. Based on this preliminary data it is unlikely that singular quantitative ADC values can be used to determine the histological type of canine intracranial disease.  相似文献   

Quantitative studies of the in vitro production of pipecolic acid by rumen protozoa and its degradation by rumen bacteria     

Hazizul HUSSAIN‐YUSUF  Ryoji ONODERA  Mohamed Emad A. NASSER  Halima SULTANA  Hiroyuki SATO 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(6):485-495

An in vitro study was conducted to quantitatively investigate the metabolism of pipecolic acid (Pip), a neuromodulator, by mixed rumen bacteria (B), mixed rumen protozoa (P), a combination of B and P (BP), species‐enriched rumen protozoal suspension (Polyplastron sp., Diploplastron sp., entodinia and Entodinium caudatum) and pure cultures of several isolates of rumen bacteria (Prevetolla bryantii, Prevetolla albensis, Streptococcus bovis, Veillonella parvula, Megasphaera elsdenii and Ruminococcus albus). Only P produced Pip from L‐lysine (1.0 mmol/L L‐Lys) at a rate of 83.5 ± 1.6 µmol/L/h and even in BP, Pip was produced from L‐Lys by P and increased at a rate of 31.2 ± 3.8 µmol/L/h. Pip production by P was highest when the substrate (L‐Lys) concentration was 6 mmol/L and then the rate was 580 ± 36 µmol/L/h. Pipecolic acid production by P suspension enriched with different species of protozoa showed that Polyplastron sp. had the highest Pip production rate of 0.907 ± 0.092 µmol/L/mg protozoal protein per h, and Diploplastron sp. had the lowest rate of 0.55 ± 0.13 µmol/L/mg protozoal protein per h. The addition of D‐Lys (1.0 mmol/L) as a substrate to the P suspension revealed that P were also able to produce Pip from D‐Lys, though at a lower rate (1/3) compared with L‐Lys (1.0 mmol/L), suggesting the presence of epimerases in P. It was confirmed that B were unable to produce Pip from L‐ or D‐Lys. Only B degraded Pip (1.0 mmol/L) after a lag phase at a rate of 56.0 ± 1.5 µmol/L/h. The B suspension was able to degrade D‐Lys, though the products were not identified. Pip degradation by pure culture of some species of rumen bacteria showed that P. bryantii and R. albus had the highest rate followed by P. albensis, S. bovis and M. elsdenii with a low rate of Pip degradation. Veillonella parvula showed no ability to degrade Pip. The results suggest that a fairly large proportion of rumen‐produced Pip is likely to be absorbed by the host animal before degradation by rumen bacteria.  相似文献   

Histamine mediates the muscle layer-specific responses in the isolated swine myometrium   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T. KITAZAWA  H. SHISHIDO  T. SATO  T. TANEIKE 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1997,20(3):187-197

To clarify the role of histamine in uterine contractility, the effect of this biogenic amine on the myometrium of cyclic mature gilts was investigated by an isometric tension recording study in vitro. In addition, using crude membrane preparations isolated from the longitudinal (LM) and circular muscle (CM), the distribution of H1 histamine receptors was characterized by ₃H-pyrilamine binding assay. Histamine caused a tetrodotoxin-resistant contractile response of LM and CM in Krebs solution, but LM (-logEC₅₀= 6.34) was more sensitive than CM (-logEC₅₀= 5.4). Pyrilamine decreased the excitatory response of histamine in both muscle layers. In pyrilamine-treated LM, a high concentration of histamine (1-30 μm) caused a slight inhibition of spontaneous contraction, and this inhibition was abolished by ranitidine. On the other hand, histamine did not cause any inhibition in the pyrilamine-treated CM preparations. Dimaprit (10-300 μm) concentration-dependently inhibited the spontaneous contraction of LM but not of CM. In the presence of pyrilamine and ranitidine, N α-methylhistamine, even at 10 μm, did not affect the spontaneous and electrical field stimulation (5Hz)-induced contraction of LM and CM layers. Specific ₃H-pyrilamine binding sites were distributed heterogeneously in the swine myometrium. The maximum number of binding sites in LM (132.5 ± 9.9 fmol/mg protein, n= 10) was 2.5 times higher than that in CM (52.2 ± 3.2 fmol/mg protein, n= 6). These results indicate that there is a muscle layer-dependent difference of histamine-induced response in the swine myometrium. In the LM layer, histamine acts on both H1 and H2 histamine receptors, and causes contraction (via H1 receptors at a low concentration) or relaxation (via H2 receptors at a high concentration in the presence of pyrilamine). However, histamine causes only a contraction in the CM layer, likely the result of the absence of H2 histamine receptors. Histamine-induced contraction is conspicuous in the LM layer, because of the heterogeneous distribution of H1-receptors between LM and CM.  相似文献   

Characterization of ammonia-assimilating bacteria in a lagoon for wastewater from a paddock of dairy cattle   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hiraku SASAKI  Gen MARUYAMA  Hanatsu SUZUKI  Jun NONAKA  Masaaki SATO  Takako SASAKI  Minoru OHTA  Yutaka NAKAI 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(1):73-76

We investigated microorganisms that assimilated ammonia in lagoon treatment processes. Ammonia‐assimilating microorganisms were detected by nitrogen‐limited medium that contained ammonia as the sole nitrogen source. Numbers of ammonia‐assimilating aerobes (log CFU/g) were 3.4, 4.8, 5.0, 4.8 and 5.0 (log CFU/mL) on the culture plate incubated at 4°C, 10°C, 15°C, 20°C and 25°C, respectively. Many isolates used ammonia in high rates when they were purely cultivated in nitrogen‐limited medium added to sterilized lagoon extract. Many of them used ammonia even when they were cultivated in media containing viable microbial flora of the lagoon. Among them, enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas sp. were identified by analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA.  相似文献   

Improved solubility and stability of carp myosin by conjugation with alginate oligosaccharide     

Urdangarin  MAITENA  Shigeru  KATAYAMA  Ryo  SATO  Hiroki  SAEKI 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(5):896-902

ABSTRACT:   Carp myosin was conjugated with alginate oligosaccharide (AO) through the Maillard reaction under low relative humidity, and the functional properties of the myosin-AO conjugate were investigated to clarify the role of myosin in the functional improvement of fish myofibrillar proteins (Mf) by the glycosylation. The findings were as follows. First, myosin became highly solubilized at lower NaCl concentrations by conjugation with AO and NaCl-dependence of the solubility was lost when > 12% of the available lysine residues were reacted with AO and 50 µg/mg of AO was attached to myosin. Second, the thermal stability of myosin was effectively improved by conjugation with AO. Heat-treatment at 50°C for 6 h has no effect on the solubility of the myosin-AO conjugate regardless of the NaCl concentration. Third, the improved functionalities of myosin conjugated with AO remained even at a nearly isoelectric point. The improving effect of AO-conjugation on the characteristics of myosin was almost the same as Mf reacted with AO. Therefore, it is apparent that that improved functionalities of the glycosylated Mf reflect the functional changes of myosin.  相似文献   

Relationship of glomerular filtration rate based on serum iodixanol clearance to IRIS staging in cats with chronic kidney disease     

Ryosuke IWAMA  Tsubasa SATO  Masaaki KATAYAMA  Shunsuke SHIMAMURA  Hiroshi SATOH  Toshihiro ICHIJO  Kazuhisa FURUHAMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(8):1033-1035

We examined the correlation between the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimated from an equation based on the serum iodixanol clearance technique and International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats. The equation included the injection dose, sampling time, serum concentration and estimated volume of distribution (Vd) of the isotonic, nonionic, contrast medium iodixanol as a test tracer. The percent changes in the median basal GFR values calculated from the equation in CKD cats resembled those of IRIS stages 1–3. These data validate the association between the GFR derived from the simplified equation and IRIS stages based on the serum creatinine concentration in cats with CKD. They describe the GFR ranges determined using single-sample iodixanol clearance for healthy cats and cats with various IRIS stages of CKD.  相似文献   

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy coincided with the cardiac fibrosis in the inner muscle layer of the left ventricular wall in a boxer dog     

Naoaki YAMADA  Takashi KITAMORI  Fumiyo KITAMORI  Kanako ISHIGAMI  Koji IWANAGA  Taiki ITOU  Ryosuke KOBAYASHI  Shino KUMABE  Takuya DOI  Junko SATO  Yumi WAKO  Minoru TSUCHITANI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(10):1299-1303

A 7-year-old female boxer dog died suddenly without any clinical signs. It was suspected that the dog had arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) due to ventricular premature complexes and ventricular tachycardia at 3 years of age. The final diagnosis of ARVC was confirmed by histological characteristics, such as loss of cardiocytes and fibrofatty replacement, occurring in the right and left ventricular walls. In the cardiocytes, non-lipid vacuoles were observed. Cardiac fibrosis and intimal thickening of the small arteries occurred without fatty replacement in the inner muscle layer including the papillary muscles of the left ventricular wall. This paper describes the pathomorphological details of an ARVC case with coincidental cardiac fibrosis in the inner muscle layer of the left ventricular wall.  相似文献