Effect of hygrothermal treatment on wood properties: color changes and kinetic analysis using four softwood and seven hardwood species     

Miyuki U. Matsuo  Katsuya Mitsui  Isao Kobayashi  Mitsuhiro Kohara  Masato Yoshida  Hiroyuki Yamamoto 《Wood Science and Technology》2016,50(6):1145-1160

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两个谷子CIPK基因在非生物逆境胁迫下的表达分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

余爱丽  赵晋锋  王高鸿  杜艳伟  李颜方  张正  郭二虎  梁爱华 《作物学报》2016,42(2):295-302

CIPK是一类丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,该蛋白在植物响应逆境胁迫过程中发挥重要作用。本文利用生物信息学方法从谷子基因组中鉴定出2个CIPK基因, 命名为SiCIPK6和SiCIPK16。序列分析表明SiCIPK6基因组序列长1994 bp,编码451个氨基酸;SiCIPK16基因组序列长1885 bp,编码473个氨基酸,2个基因均无内含子和可变剪切。生物信息学分析显示这2个基因在蛋白质序列和结构上与其他物种CIPK基因一样非常保守。实时定量PCR分析表明SiCIPK6和SiCIPK16在ABA、低温、高温、干旱、高盐诱导下表达量均有所上调, SiCIPK6基因在ABA、干旱和盐处理时表达量上调幅度较大,而SiCIPK16基因在低温、干旱和高温处理时表达量上调幅度较大。半定量PCR检测结果表明SiCIPK6和SiCIPK16两个基因在拔节、孕穗、灌浆期时均有表达,在相应生育时期受到干旱胁迫时它们表达量均有所提高。推测SiCIPK6和SiCIPK16基因在谷子的干旱或其他逆境胁迫中起一定作用。  相似文献   

Expansion of female sex organs in response to prolonged virginity in Cannabis sativa (marijuana)     

Ernest Small  Steve G. U. Naraine 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2016,63(2):339-348

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Size matters: evolution of large drug-secreting resin glands in elite pharmaceutical strains of Cannabis sativa (marijuana)     

Ernest Small  Steve G. U. Naraine 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2016,63(2):349-359

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Genetic and phenotypic diversity within the Fusarium graminearum species complex in Norway     

Aamot  H. U.  Ward  T. J.  Brodal  G.  Vrålstad  T.  Larsen  G. B.  Klemsdal  S. S.  Elameen  A.  Uhlig  S.  Hofgaard  I. S. 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2015,142(3):501-519

European Journal of Plant Pathology - As has been observed in several European countries, the frequency of Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by members of the Fusarium graminearum species complex...  相似文献   

Effects of water exchange protocols on water quality,sedimentation rate and production performance of Penaeus monodon in earthen ponds          下载免费PDF全文

Rajeeb K Mohanty  Atmaram Mishra  Dileep K Panda  Dhiraj U Patil 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(10):2457-2468

This study was carried out in farmers' fields to quantify the total water and consumptive water use in grow‐out culture of Penaeus monodon under recommended package of practice with two different water management protocols: T₁, with no water exchange and T₂, with regulated water exchange. Treatment‐wise estimated total water use, was 2.09 and 2.43 ha‐m 122 day^?1, while the computed consumptive water use index (m³ kg^?1 biomass) was 5.35 and 6.02 in T₁ and T₂ respectively. Lower rates of water exchange (T₂) showed significantly improved (P < 0.05) crop performance in terms of performance index (19.75 ± 0.75), production‐size index (74.1 ± 3.4), survival rate (80.13 ± 1.7%) and productivity (2.44 ± 0.08 t) over the zero water exchange. The shrimp pond water quality suitability index (WQSI) infers that regulated water exchange (T₂) improved the overall suitability of water quality for shrimp culture. WQSI up to 90 days of culture ranged between 7.5–9.0 in T₂, needs little management while in the last month of rearing, it was good with moderate management requirements. Treatment‐wise sediment load ranged between 50.4–56.3 m³ t^?1 shrimp biomass. High intensity of water exchange and low apparent feed conversion ratio influenced in lowering the sedimentation rate. Regulated water exchange protocol (T₂) performed well (higher net total water productivity and net consumptive water productivity) against no water exchange (T₁). A higher OV:CC ratio (ratio of the output value to the cost of cultivation) indicated that T₂ had a distinct edge over the T₁ protocol.  相似文献   

Comparative Study on Growth Performance of Transgenic(Over-Expressed OsNHX1) and Wild-Type Nipponbare under Different Salinity Regimes     

Kahrani Ishak Nurul  Sulaiman Zohrah  U. Tennakoon Kushan 《水稻科学》2015,22(6):275

Transgenic Nipponbare which over-expressed a Na+/H+ antiporter gene OsNHX1 was used to compare its growth performance, water status and photosynthetic efficiency with its wild type under varying salinity regimes. Chlorophyll content, quantum yield and photosynthetic rate were measured to assess the impact of salinity stress on photosynthetic efficiency for transgenic and wild-type Nipponbare. Effects of salinity on water status and gas exchange to both lines were studied by measuring water use efficiency, instantaneous transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. Dry shoot weight and leaf area were determined after three months of growth to assess the impacts of salinity on the growth of those two lines. Our study showed that both lines were affected by salinity stress, however, the transgenic line showed higher photosynthetic efficiency, better utilization of water, and better growth due to low transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. Reduction of photosynthetic efficiency exhibited by the wild-type Nipponbare was correlated to its poor growth under salinity stress.  相似文献   

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal association in Asteraceae plants growing in the arid lands of Saudi Arabia     

Partha P DHAR  Abdul A AL-QARAWI  Mohammed A U MRIDHA 《干旱区科学》2015,7(5):676-686

The present research was undertaken to explor the possibility of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) association with Asteraceae plants in the arid lands of Saudi Arabia(Al-Ghat, Buraydah, Thumamah and Huraymila). AM fungal colonization in the roots, spore numbers in the rhizosphere soil, fungal species diversity and correlation between AM properties and soil properties were determined. The highest colonization was in Conyza bonariensis(65%) from Al-Ghat, Anthemis cotula(52%) from Buraydah and C. bonariensis(53%) from Thumamah. The lowest was in Vernonia schimperi(41%) from Al-Ghat, Pulicaria undulata(25%) from Buraydah, Acanthospermum hispidum(34%) from Thumamah, Asteriscus graveolens(22%) and V. schimperi(22%) from Huraymila. Vesicular and arbuscular colonization were also presented in all plant species examined. The number of spores were 112–207 in Al-Ghat, 113–133 in Buraydah, 87–148 in Thumamah and 107–158 in Huraymila. Funneliformis mosseae, Glomus etunicatum, G. fasciculatum and G. aggregatum were identified. Relative frequency of AM fungal species varied widely and was irrespective of location and plant species. Diversity index varied with the rhizosphere soils of different plant species at various locations. Soil properties varied with locations and no distinct correlations were observed among the soil properties, root colonization and the number of spores. The results of the present study specified the association of AM fungi in different plants of Asteraceae and its significance in the ecological functioning of annual plants in the punitive environments of the rangelands in Saudi Arabia.  相似文献   

Zoospore chemotaxis of closely related legume‐root infecting Phytophthora species towards host isoflavones     

S. Hosseini  F. Heyman  U. Olsson  A. Broberg  D. Funck Jensen  M. Karlsson 《Plant pathology》2014,63(3):708-714

Phytophthora niederhauserii, P. pisi, P. sojae and P. vignae are closely related species that are pathogenic to various legume plants. While P. sojae and P. vignae are reported to specifically infect soybean and cowpea, respectively, P. pisi is reported to attack pea and faba bean. Phytophthora niederhauserii is considered to have a broad host range. Zoospores of some Phytophthora species are chemotactically attracted to the isoflavones that are secreted by their host plants. The focus of the current study was to determine the chemotaxic behaviour of zoospores from closely related legume‐root infecting Phytophthora species and to investigate the correlation, if any, to host preference as determined by greenhouse pathogenicity tests. The results showed that P. sojae and P. vignae were attracted to the non‐soybean isoflavone prunetin as well as to the soybean isoflavones genistein and daidzein, which is in contrast with their host specificity on soybean and cowpea, respectively. On the other hand, P. pisi and P. niederhauserii were only attracted to prunetin, previously reported to be produced by pea, but not to the isoflavones associated with the non‐host soybean. The lack of responsiveness to genistein and daidzein in P. pisi may represent a recent adaptation to the host specialization towards pea. However, the affinity of P. niederhauserii to prunetin shows that this trait can also be present in taxa not specifically associated with legume hosts.  相似文献   

Patterns of disease and host resistance in spatially structured systems     

U. Carlsson-Granér  B. E. Giles  P. H. Thrall 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,138(3):499-511

We use data from species of the anther-smut fungi and the host plants Lychnis alpina and Silene dioica to show that spatial structuring at different scales can influence patterns of disease and host resistance. Patterns of disease and host resistance were surveyed in an archipelago subject to land-uplift where populations of S. dioica constitute an age-structured metapopulation, and in three contrasting areas within the mainland range of L. alpina, where population distributions range from continuous, through patchy but spatially connected to highly isolated demes. In S. dioica, disease levels depend on the age, size and density of local patches and populations. Disease is most predictably found in larger dense host patches and populations of intermediate age, and more frequently goes extinct in small old populations. The rate of local disease spread is affected by the level of host resistance; S. dioica populations showing an increase in disease over time are more susceptible than populations where the disease has remained at low levels. Among-population variation in resistance is driven by founding events and populations remain differentiated due to limited gene flow between islands. As observed in the L. alpina system, when populations are more connected, a greater fraction of populations have disease present. Results from a simulation model argue that, while increased dispersal in connected systems can increase disease spread, it may also favour selection of host resistance which ultimately reduces disease levels within populations. This could explain the observed lower disease prevalence in L. alpina in regions where populations are more continuous.  相似文献