Effect of Seed Pre-sowing Hardening on Physiological Behaviour and Seed Yield of Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) Crop     

N. C. Sinha  R. P. Singh 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1987,158(3):181-186

A field experiment was conducted at Central Research Farm, Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi to study the effect of seed pre-sowing hardening on seed emergence, physiological behaviour — and seed yield of berseem ( Trifolium alexandrinum L. Var. S-99-1) crop. For this purpose, seed pre-sowing hardening were made by soaking of seeds in tap water for 24 and 36 hours separately and later dried back to their original weight or left undried. These seeds were sown at two depths (5 and 3 cm) and judged against control (no soaking). Results demonstrated that augmented effect of seed hardening on seed emergence and physiological process responsible for seed yield was recorded in descending order of harden seeds (of 24 hours soaking) > non harden seeds (of 24 hours soaking) > harden seeds (of 36 hours soaking); while non-harden seeds of 36 hours soaking adversely affect the plant growth because of leaching of sugar during excess soaking — an element for reduced seed vigour potential. Seed hardening system developed the strength of seed emergence on account of efficient catabolic process releasing high water soluble sugars needed for efficient germination process. Further this process augmented the absorption mechanism of mineral nutrients (particularly phosphorus and nitrogen with marginal variation in calcium) was quite evident at bloom stage — indicating a high metabolic activity during this period. Performance of seed hardening was effective at 5 cm deep sowing.  相似文献   

Nitrogen Economy, Biomass Production and Seed Production Potential of Chrysopogon fulvus by Intercropping of Pasture Legumes     

G. K. Dwivedi    N. C. Sinha    P. S. Tomer  O. P. Dixit 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1988,161(2):129-134

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Issues in Indian science     

Sinha V 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5734):557-8; author reply 557-8

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Bilateral corneal opacity in a dog--successful treatment with vit. A     

O P Saxena  G K Sinha  G A Shivnani 《The Indian veterinary journal》1967,44(5):434-437

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A gross, histologic, and histochemical study of the lacrimal apparatus of sheep and goats     

R D Sinha  M L Calhoun 《American journal of veterinary research》1966,27(121):1633-1640

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Acute bovine trypanosomiasis in a tsetse-free zone of Nigeria     

D. R. Nawathe  P. K. Sinha  A. S. Abechi 《Tropical animal health and production》1988,20(3):141-142

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Regulated expression of peripheral node addressin-positive high endothelial venules controls seeding of B lymphocytes into developing neonatal rabbit appendix     

Sinha RK  Alexander C  Mage RG 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2006,110(1-2):97-108

Young rabbit appendix is a homologue of chicken bursa of Fabricius; both are crucial sites for preimmune B-cell repertoire diversification. Here, we report that appendix regulates precursor lymphocyte recruitment for further development by modulating the sites of extravasation. The total area of peripheral node addressin-positive (PNAd(+)) high endothelial venules (HEVs) increased from 1 day to 1 week after birth, remained constant up to 2 weeks and declined to a low and persistent amount by 3 weeks. In normal 1-week and manipulated 5-week appendix where growth of follicles was retarded, PNAd(+) HEVs were present in the basolateral sides of B-cell follicles whereas, in normal 5-wk-appendix these were restricted to T-cell areas. The PNAd was expressed on the lumenal surface of HEVs. The proportions of CD62L(+) B cells in appendix declined from approximately 40% at 3 days to 2-3% at 4 weeks. In lymphocyte transfer experiments, CD62L(+) B cells were preferentially recruited compared with CD62L(-) B cells, anti-PNAd antibody blocked migration of B cells by approximately 50%, and 100 times more B cells were recruited in 1-week compared to 6-week appendix. Thus, a unique spatiotemporal expression pattern of PNAd(+) HEVs is associated with development of B-cell follicles. This regulates migration of blood-borne B-lymphocytes into developing appendix by interacting with CD62L.  相似文献   

Biogenic potassium salt particles as seeds for secondary organic aerosol in the Amazon     

C Pöhlker  KT Wiedemann  B Sinha  M Shiraiwa  SS Gunthe  M Smith  H Su  P Artaxo  Q Chen  Y Cheng  W Elbert  MK Gilles  AL Kilcoyne  RC Moffet  M Weigand  ST Martin  U Pöschl  MO Andreae 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6098):1075-1078

The fine particles serving as cloud condensation nuclei in pristine Amazonian rainforest air consist mostly of secondary organic aerosol. Their origin is enigmatic, however, because new particle formation in the atmosphere is not observed. Here, we show that the growth of organic aerosol particles can be initiated by potassium-salt-rich particles emitted by biota in the rainforest. These particles act as seeds for the condensation of low- or semi-volatile organic compounds from the atmospheric gas phase or multiphase oxidation of isoprene and terpenes. Our findings suggest that the primary emission of biogenic salt particles directly influences the number concentration of cloud condensation nuclei and affects the microphysics of cloud formation and precipitation over the rainforest.  相似文献   

Absence of detectable arsenate in DNA from arsenate-grown GFAJ-1 cells     

ML Reaves  S Sinha  JD Rabinowitz  L Kruglyak  RJ Redfield 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6093):470-473

A strain of Halomonas bacteria, GFAJ-1, has been claimed to be able to use arsenate as a nutrient when phosphate is limiting and to specifically incorporate arsenic into its DNA in place of phosphorus. However, we have found that arsenate does not contribute to growth of GFAJ-1 when phosphate is limiting and that DNA purified from cells grown with limiting phosphate and abundant arsenate does not exhibit the spontaneous hydrolysis expected of arsenate ester bonds. Furthermore, mass spectrometry showed that this DNA contains only trace amounts of free arsenate and no detectable covalently bound arsenate.  相似文献   

Innate lymphoid cells promote anatomical containment of lymphoid-resident commensal bacteria     

Sonnenberg GF  Monticelli LA  Alenghat T  Fung TC  Hutnick NA  Kunisawa J  Shibata N  Grunberg S  Sinha R  Zahm AM  Tardif MR  Sathaliyawala T  Kubota M  Farber DL  Collman RG  Shaked A  Fouser LA  Weiner DB  Tessier PA  Friedman JR  Kiyono H  Bushman FD  Chang KM  Artis D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6086):1321-1325

The mammalian intestinal tract is colonized by trillions of beneficial commensal bacteria that are anatomically restricted to specific niches. However, the mechanisms that regulate anatomical containment remain unclear. Here, we show that interleukin-22 (IL-22)-producing innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are present in intestinal tissues of healthy mammals. Depletion of ILCs resulted in peripheral dissemination of commensal bacteria and systemic inflammation, which was prevented by administration of IL-22. Disseminating bacteria were identified as Alcaligenes species originating from host lymphoid tissues. Alcaligenes was sufficient to promote systemic inflammation after ILC depletion in mice, and Alcaligenes-specific systemic immune responses were associated with Crohn's disease and progressive hepatitis C virus infection in patients. Collectively, these data indicate that ILCs regulate selective containment of lymphoid-resident bacteria to prevent systemic inflammation associated with chronic diseases.  相似文献