Colour Me In--an empirical study on consumer responses to the traffic light signposting system in nutrition labelling     

Hieke S  Wilczynski P 《Public health nutrition》2012,15(5):773-782

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The Ashbya gossypii genome as a tool for mapping the ancient Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome     

Dietrich FS  Voegeli S  Brachat S  Lerch A  Gates K  Steiner S  Mohr C  Pöhlmann R  Luedi P  Choi S  Wing RA  Flavier A  Gaffney TD  Philippsen P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,304(5668):304-307

We have sequenced and annotated the genome of the filamentous ascomycete Ashbya gossypii. With a size of only 9.2 megabases, encoding 4718 protein-coding genes, it is the smallest genome of a free-living eukaryote yet characterized. More than 90% of A. gossypii genes show both homology and a particular pattern of synteny with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Analysis of this pattern revealed 300 inversions and translocations that have occurred since divergence of these two species. It also provided compelling evidence that the evolution of S. cerevisiae included a whole genome duplication or fusion of two related species and showed, through inferred ancient gene orders, which of the duplicated genes lost one copy and which retained both copies.  相似文献   

Dual activation of the Drosophila toll pathway by two pattern recognition receptors     

Gobert V  Gottar M  Matskevich AA  Rutschmann S  Royet J  Belvin M  Hoffmann JA  Ferrandon D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5653):2126-2130

The Toll-dependent defense against Gram-positive bacterial infections in Drosophila is mediated through the peptidoglycan recognition protein SA (PGRP-SA). A mutation termed osiris disrupts the Gram-negative binding protein 1 (GNBP1) gene and leads to compromised survival of mutant flies after Gram-positive infections, but not after fungal or Gram-negative bacterial challenge. Our results demonstrate that GNBP1 and PGRP-SA can jointly activate the Toll pathway. The potential for a combination of distinct proteins to mediate detection of infectious nonself in the fly will refine the concept of pattern recognition in insects.  相似文献   

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in humans with inborn errors of interleukin-17 immunity   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Puel A  Cypowyj S  Bustamante J  Wright JF  Liu L  Lim HK  Migaud M  Israel L  Chrabieh M  Audry M  Gumbleton M  Toulon A  Bodemer C  El-Baghdadi J  Whitters M  Paradis T  Brooks J  Collins M  Wolfman NM  Al-Muhsen S  Galicchio M  Abel L  Picard C  Casanova JL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6025):65-68

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis disease (CMCD) is characterized by recurrent or persistent infections of the skin, nails, and oral and genital mucosae caused by Candida albicans and, to a lesser extent, Staphylococcus aureus, in patients with no other infectious or autoimmune manifestations. We report two genetic etiologies of CMCD: autosomal recessive deficiency in the cytokine receptor, interleukin-17 receptor A (IL-17RA), and autosomal dominant deficiency of the cytokine interleukin-17F (IL-17F). IL-17RA deficiency is complete, abolishing cellular responses to IL-17A and IL-17F homo- and heterodimers. By contrast, IL-17F deficiency is partial, with mutant IL-17F-containing homo- and heterodimers displaying impaired, but not abolished, activity. These experiments of nature indicate that human IL-17A and IL-17F are essential for mucocutaneous immunity against C. albicans, but otherwise largely redundant.  相似文献   

Organogenic elements and compounds in surface samples from the sea of tranquillity     

Oró J  Updegrove WS  Gibert J  McReynolds J  Gil-Av E  Ibanez J  Zlatkis A  Flory DA  Levy RL  Wolf C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1970,167(3918):765-767

Organogenic elements, mainly carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur are present in the particulate material and in a breccia rock from Tranquillity Base in amounts ranging from 5 to 4200 parts per million. The major compounds of carbon released by heating are carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; the former predominates. Small amounts of other compounds of carbon have also been observed. Sulfur can be released as hydrogen sulfide by treatment with acid. The carbon isotopic delta(13L)C values are definitely nonterrestrial (+ 13 to + 18.5 per mil).  相似文献   

Prediction of nitrogen mineralization in organically fertilized growing media for soil-less production     

Patrice Cannavo  Sylvie Recous  Matthieu Valé  Sophie Bresch  Mohammed Benbrahim  René Guénon 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2023,186(5):532-542

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Production performance and plasma metabolite concentrations of broiler chickens fed low crude protein diets differing in Thr and Gly     

Laura Star  Sophie Tesseraud  Marije van Tol  Ilaria Minussi  Etienne Corrent  William Lambert 《动物营养（英文）》2021,7(2):472

The aim of the study was to test the interaction between Thr and Gly in low crude protein (CP) diets in 7 to 28 d broilers on production performance and plasma metabolites. A total of 2,040 broilers were allocated to 17 treatments. A positive control (PC) diet (20.5% CP) was formulated to be adequate in dietary Thr and Gly. A negative control (NC) diet (18.5% CP, deficient in Thr and Gly) was supplemented with crystalline l-Thr and Gly to obtain a 4 Thr × 4 Gly design. Dietary Thr was tested at an apparent faecal digestibility (AFD) Thr-to-Lys ratio, which was 55%, 58%, 61% or 64%, and dietary Gly was tested at an AFD (Gly + Ser)-to-Lys ratio, which was 135%, 142%, 149% or 156%. Plasma samples were collected at 28 d. The low CP diet, formulated at 64% Thr and 156% Gly, resulted in a higher body weight gain (BWG) (P < 0.01) and similar feed conversion ratio (FCR) as the high CP treatment (PC). FCR was improved (P < 0.001) by l-Thr supplementation. Quadratic response to dietary Thr was significant for feed intake (FI), BWG and FCR (P < 0.01). A near-significant interaction for Thr × Gly was observed for FI and BWG (P_linear = 0.091 and P = 0.074, respectively). Gly did not affect production performance. An interaction between Thr × Gly on plasma free AA level was observed (P < 0.05). Free AA concentration in plasma linearly decreased with increase in AFD Thr-to-Lys ratio, and increased with increase in AFD (Gly + Ser)-to-Lys ratio. Plasma uric acid concentration was higher in PC than in all of the other diets, and plasma triglyceride concentration was decreased by l-Thr supplementation, but not by Gly. In conclusion, Gly was not limiting for growth at low dietary CP level unless Thr was deficient, showing that adequate amounts of Thr in broiler diets can overcome marginal supply of Gly and Ser and allow reduction of dietary CP from 20.5% to 18.5% for broilers from 7 to 28 d of age.  相似文献   

Encapsulation of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil and of its main components in cyclodextrin: application to the control of the date moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Pyralidae)     

Maha Ben Abada  Abir Soltani  Maroua Tahri  Soumaya Haoual Hamdi  Emna Boushih  Sophie Fourmentin  Hélène Greige-Gerges  Jouda Mediouni Ben Jemâa 《Pest management science》2023,79(7):2433-2442

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