Efficacy and Toxicity of Intracavitary Administration of Pegylated Liposomal Encapsulated Doxorubicin (DOXIL) in Dogs with Hemangiosarcoma     

Karin  Sorenmo  Marissa Samluk  Craig Clifford  Jennifer Baez  Beth Overley  Katherine Skorupski  Karen Oberthaler  Jeffrey Barrett  Tom Van Winkle  Gabriela Seiler  Robert Poppenga  Frances Shofer 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2005,3(1):55-56

Introduction:  Canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a fatal malignancy and most dogs die within 6–8 months of diagnosis. The spleen is a common primary site, representing 50% of all cases. These dogs typically present with clinical signs due to tumor rupture and intra‐abdominal dissemination; the abdomen is also the main site of disease progression when these patients fail. Direct delivery of chemotherapy into the abdominal cavity may therefore be a rational approach in this malignancy.
Methods:  14 dogs with stage 2 or 3 splenic HSA were recruited. Doxil at a dose of 1 mg/kg was diluted in saline and administered via ultrasound‐guidance into the abdominal cavity. The dogs were scheduled to receive 4 treatments every 3 weeks. Samples of plasma and abdominal fluid were collected for pharmacokinetic analysis. All dogs were monitored for recurrence and complete necropsies were requested at death.
Results:  8 dogs with stage 3 and 6 dogs with stage 2 HSA were enrolled. All 14 dogs have died, 12/14 due to tumor and 2 from other causes. There was no difference in median survival days between stages (stage 2: 244, stage 3: 125, p = .22). All 12 dogs that died due to tumor‐related causes failed with intra‐abdominal recurrence. Necropsies showed that the dogs in this study had relatively fewer extra‐abdominal metastasis compared to dogs treated with systemic chemotherapy. Pk analysis showed detectable plasma doxorubicin 1 and 2 weeks after treatment.
Conclusion:  Direct abdominal administration of Doxil did not prevent intra‐abdominal recurrence; however, it appeared to provide effective systemic coverage.  相似文献   

Magnetic resonance imaging characterization of canine splenic lesions     

C. A.  Clifford  E. S. Pretorius  C. Weisse  E. S. Siegelman  K. U. Sorenmo  K. Skorupski  K. Drobatz  K. E. Burgess  R. M. Fred  E. N. Glass  M. Murray  J. R. Solomon 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2005,3(1):37-38

Introduction:  Splenic lesions are a common finding in veterinary medicine and typically 1/2 to 2/3 of these lesions are malignant. Due to the limited accuracy of ultrasound, unnecessary exploratory surgeries/biopsies may be performed for benign lesions and treatment may be delayed for malignant ones. Splenic lesions are rare in people. MR imaging, with its inherently high soft tissue contrast, is efficacious in imaging the human spleen. We have previously demonstrated the efficacy of MRI to differentiate canine hepatic lesions. In that study 8 splenic lesions were all accurately characterized. This current study represents a further evaluation of splenic lesions.
Methods:  In this prospective study, 27 dogs with splenic lesions were accrued. Histopathological/cytological confirmation of lesions occurred either before or shortly after imaging. MRI clinicians were blinded to histopathology results. MR (General Electric, 1.5 Tesla) images using a variety of sequences were obtained before and after intravenous administration of gadolinium.
Results:  32 lesions (9 malignant, 23 benign) were evaluated in 27 dogs. Lesions were confirmed via histopathology (n = 20) or cytology (n = 12). Benign lesions included, EMH (n = 7), hematoma/hemorrhage (n = 5), lymphoid hyperplasia (n = 9), and hemangioma (n = 2). Malignant lesions included anaplastic sarcoma (n = 3), malignant histiocytosis (n = 2), hemangiosarcoma (n = 2), plasma cell tumor (n = 1) and adenocarcinoma (n = 1). The overall accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant lesions was 88%(29/32 lesions). The overall sensitivity and specificity were 100%(95% CI, 66–100) and 87%(95% CI 66–97).
Conclusions:  Based upon these results, MRI is both sensitive and specific in distinguishing between malignant and benign splenic lesions.  相似文献   

Vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations in body cavity effusions in dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Clifford CA  Hughes D  Beal MW  Henry CJ  Drobatz KJ  Sorenmo KU 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2002,16(2):164-168

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has potent angiogenic, mitogenic, and vascular permeability enhancing properties specific for endothelial cells. VEGF is present in high concentrations in inflammatory and neoplastic body cavity effusions and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neoplastic and inflammatory effusion formation. In this study, VEGF was quantitated by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) in samples of pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal effusions (N = 38) from dogs (N = 35) with neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. VEGF was detected in 37 of 38 effusions (median, 754; range, 18-3,669 pg/mL) and was present in much higher concentrations than in previously established normal concentrations for canine plasma (median, < 1 pg/mL; range, < 1-18 pg/mL) or in those previously noted in the plasma of dogs with hemangiosarcoma (HSA; median, 17 pg/mL; range, < 1-67 pg/mL). In 4 dogs with HSA, the concurrent plasma VEGF concentration was much lower than in the abdominal effusion (P = .029). No significant correlation was demonstrated between VEGF effusion concentration and effusion total protein content or nucleated cell count. Mean VEGF concentrations were significantly higher in pericardial (median, 3,533; range, 709-3,669 pg/mL) and pleural effusions (median, 3,144; range, 0-3,663 pg/mL) compared to peritoneal effusions (median, 288; range, 18-2,607 pg/mL; P < .05). There was no marked difference demonstrated between effusions associated with malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the role of VEGF in body cavity effusion formation in dogs.  相似文献   

Characterization of the biological behaviour of appendicular osteosarcoma in Rottweilers and a comparison with other breeds: a review of 258 dogs*     

C. J. McNeill  B. Overley  F. S. Shofer  M. S. Kent  C. A. Clifford  M. Samluk  S. Haney  T. J. Van Winkle  K. U. Sorenmo 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2007,5(2):90-98

The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare Rottweilers diagnosed with osteosarcoma (OSA) with other breeds to determine whether Rottweilers experienced a more aggressive form of the disease. Two hundred and fifty‐eight dogs were evaluated (102 clinical and 156 necropsy cases). In the necropsy population, Rottweilers had a younger mean age at death (7.3 versus 9 years, P= 0.006). There were no significant differences between Rottweilers and other breeds in age at diagnosis, median disease‐free interval or survival time. However, Rottweilers were more likely to have metastasis to the brain (7 versus 0%, P= 0.03). These results suggest that OSA in Rottweilers may have a different biological behaviour, but this study did not confirm that these differences were associated with a worse outcome.  相似文献   

Sensitivity and specificity of methods of assessing the regional lymph nodes for evidence of metastasis in dogs and cats with solid tumors   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Langenbach A  McManus PM  Hendrick MJ  Shofer FS  Sorenmo KU 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2001,218(9):1424-1428

OBJECTIVE: To determine sensitivity and specificity of physical examination, fine-needle aspiration, and needle core biopsy of the regional lymph nodes for evidence of metastasis in dogs and cats with solid tumors. DESIGN: Case series. ANIMALS: 37 dogs and 7 cats. PROCEDURE: Regional lymph nodes were evaluated by means of physical examination (palpation), fine-needle aspiration, and needle core biopsy. Results were compared with results of histologic examination of the entire lymph node, the current standard. RESULTS: Tumors included 18 sarcomas, 16 carcinomas, 7 mast cell tumors, and 3 other tumors. Carcinomas were more likely to have metastasized to the regional lymph node (7/16 animals) than were sarcomas (2/18). Sensitivity and specificity of physical examination were 60 and 72%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of cytologic examination of fine-needle aspirates were 100 and 96%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of histologic examination of needle core biopsy specimens were 64 and 96%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that fine-needle aspiration may be a sensitive and specific method of evaluating the regional lymph nodes in dogs and cats with solid tumors, because results correlated well with results of histologic examination of the entire lymph node. Physical examination alone was not a reliable method and should not be used to decide whether to aspirate or biopsy the regional lymph nodes.  相似文献   

Efficacy and toxicity of a dose-intensified doxorubicin protocol in canine hemangiosarcoma     

Sorenmo KU  Baez JL  Clifford CA  Mauldin E  Overley B  Skorupski K  Bachman R  Samluk M  Shofer F 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2004,18(2):209-213

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a single-agent, dose-intensified doxorubicin protocol in canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA). Canine HSA is a highly malignant tumor, and most affected dogs die within 6 months of diagnosis. Doxorubicin is the most, and possibly the only, effective chemotherapeutic drug for this malignancy, but it provides only moderate improvement in survival. On the basis of previous studies reporting similar survival in dogs treated with doxorubicin as a single agent and doxorubicin-based combination chemotherapy and the concept of summation dose intensity, a dose-intensified single-agent doxorubicin protocol was initiated. Twenty dogs with HSA were recruited to participate in this study. Workup and staging were performed according to standard practice. Chemotherapy was initiated within 3 weeks of surgery. Doxorubicin was scheduled to be administered at 30 mg/m2 i.v. every 2 weeks for a total of 5 treatments. The dogs were monitored for toxicity and signs of recurrence during and at regular intervals after chemotherapy. The protocol was tolerated well. No dogs were hospitalized because of adverse effects or developed clinical signs consistent with doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. There was a significant difference in survival in dogs with stage I and I1 HSA compared with dogs with stage III HSA. with median survival times of 257, 210, and 107 days, respectively. These results are slightly better than the historical control with respect to toxicity and efficacy but are not statistically different from what is achieved with standard treatments. There was no association between dose intensity and outcome.  相似文献   

用SSR技术和混合取样方法估算玉米群体间的遗传距离     

侯本军  王铁固  陈彦惠  吴连成  库丽霞 《作物学报》2007,33(2):317-321

The factors affecting the binding characteristics of GBSS with starch granule were studied using a wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivar Chinese Spring with different temperature treatments. After sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis, we got GBSS concentration by coomassie brilliant blue G-250(CBB G-250) method. The results showed that the temperature affected the binding of GBSS and starch granule. In 50–80℃, the concentration of GBSS unbound from starch increased with the temperature rising, which the maximal concentration was 11.361 μg mL^-1 at 80℃, while that was reduced when the temperature was 85–95℃. Furthermore, Mg²⁺ could also affect the quantity of GBSS unbound from starch. When Mg2+ concentration was lower than 1.75 mmol L^-1, the concentration of GBSS unbound increased. The lower Mg²⁺ concentration, the higher the concentration of GBSS unbound. However, when Mg²⁺ concentration was higher than 2.5 mmol L^-1, it could restrain GBSS unbinding. These results showed that GBSS bound starch granule by non-covalent bonds. The best GBSS extracting conditions were 55 mmol L^-1 Tris-HCl (pH 6.8), 0.75 mmol L^-1 MgCl₂, 2.3% SDS, 5% 2-ME and 10% glycerol, 15 min in boiling water, or 55 mmol L^-1 Tris-HCl (pH 6.8), 0.75 mmol L^-1 MgCl₂, 2.3% SDS, 5% 2-ME and 10% glycerol, 80℃ 30 min. The results are helpful to investigate 3-D structure of biological activated GBSS and mechanism of GBSS binding with starch granule.  相似文献   

Risk factors for development of sterile haemorrhagic cystitis in canine lymphoma patients receiving oral cyclophosphamide: a case–control study     

R. Gaeta  D. Brown  R. Cohen  K. Sorenmo 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2014,12(4):277-286

Sterile haemorrhagic cystitis (SHC) is a known risk of cyclophosphamide treatment; however, most canine reports are case series. This case–control study examined risk factors for SHC in dogs with lymphoma receiving oral cyclophosphamide. Twenty‐two dogs with SHC and 66 control dogs were identified. On univariate analysis, SHC risk factors included age (P = 0.041), induction protocol (P = 0.021) and cumulative cyclophosphamide dose (P = 0.002). On multivariate analysis, increasing cumulative cyclophosphamide dose was associated with increased risk of SHC and the ‘short’ induction protocol (protocol 1) was associated with decreased risk. Controlling for age and induction protocol, odds of SHC increased by 2.21 per 750 mg m^?2 increase in cyclophosphamide dose (P = 0.001). SHC from oral cyclophosphamide is a predominately delayed toxicity resulting from high cumulative doses.  相似文献   

玉米光周期反应及一个相关基因的克隆   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

任永哲  陈彦惠  库丽霞  常胜合  高伟  陈晓 《中国农业科学》2006,39(7):1487-1494

【目的】研究玉米的光周期反应，克隆出玉米中的EMF同源基因并研究其表达模式。【方法】以热带玉米自交系CML288和温带玉米自交系黄早四为材料，研究了它们在9 h和15 h光周期处理后的反应和热带自交系CML288在不同时期两种日照挪动处理下的光周期反应。通过RT-PCR法克隆到一个玉米上的EMF同源基因，并检测了该基因在经过不同光周期处理的自交系CML288、黄早四及其F1的不同生长时期茎尖中的表达。【结果】 CML288对光周期的反应非常敏感，黄早四相对不敏感。CML288在短日照条件下7片叶时期是光周期反应的敏感时期，在长日照条件下9片叶时期是光周期反应的敏感时期。推测新克隆的cDNA序列含有完整的1 881bp的开放阅读框，编码一条约71kD的多肽，包含626个氨基酸残基，编码的蛋白质有一个C2H2型锌指结构区,两个核定位信号区和一个酸性区，可能是DAN结合蛋白，Northern杂交显示，其在茎尖和叶片中均有表达。经不同光周期处理后，该基因在2个自交系及F1不同生长时期茎尖中的表达情况不同。【结论】克隆到的基因其功能可能与促进营养生长和抑制生殖生长有关。  相似文献   

转pepc基因水稻的选育   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13  

李霞  吴爽  焦德茂  王守海  李成荃  古森本 《江苏农业学报》2001,17(3):143-147

通过基因工程 ,将玉米的磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶 (pepc)基因导入水稻品种“Kitaake” ,获得高表达的转pepc基因水稻 ,系统选育后 ,获得第 7代稳定种质。转pepc基因水稻的PEPC活性比原种高 2 4倍 ,净光合速率比原种高 5 0 %。以第 7代稳定转基因材料作父本 ,与水稻不育系“培矮 64S”、“2 9130S”、“70 0 1S”以及恢复系“5 12 9”、“Y910 7”、“H9195”、“双九A”和“437”进行杂交 ,获得 80 5株后代材料 ,并从中鉴定出 47株高PEPC活性和高光合效率的植株。这些植株的PEPC活性和净光合速率 (Pn)均高于母本 ,且Pn与PEPC活性呈正相关 ,r=0 666 0 。证明通过基因工程与杂交相结合的方法 ,可将转pepc基因水稻的高光效特性传递到杂种稻的不育系和恢复系中  相似文献