STUDIES ON POXVIRUS ISOLATED FROM A MAGPIE IN QUEENSLAND     

Y. S. Chung  D.V.M.  Ph.D. P. B. Spradbrow  B.V.Sc.  Ph.D 《Australian veterinary journal》1977,53(7):334-336

An avian poxvirus was isolated from a black-backed magpie in Queensland. The virus produced pocks on the chorio-allantoic membrane of chicken embryos and lesions on the skin of chickens. Comparison by passive haemagglutination test and neutralisation test indicated that the virus was related more closely to pigeonpox virus than to fowlpox virus.  相似文献   

ADMINISTRATION OF A VACCINE PREPARED FROM THE AUSTRALIAN V4 STRAIN OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS BY AEROSOL AND DRINKING WATER     

S. J. Kim  P. B. Spradbrow 《Australian veterinary journal》1978,54(10):486-489

SUMMARY An experimental vaccine containing the avirulent Australian V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus was used to vaccinate 3- or 6-week-old chickens by aerosol and drinking water application. The chickens lacked maternally derived antibody to Newcastle disease virus. When the vaccine virus was diluted in tap water more than 90% of the infectivity was destroyed immediately. The addition of 0.25% skim milk prevented this loss and there was no loss in distilled water. Rates of inactivation at 37°C were similar in tap water and distilled water and were unaffected by the addition of skim milk. Both methods of vaccination resulted in the production of haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies which persisted for at least 8 to 12 weeks. The antibody response to aerosol vaccination was significantly better than that following drinking water vaccination. No clinical disease was induced by exposure to vaccine virus. Serum neutralisation antibodies paralleled those detected by haemagglutination-inhibition in chicks vaccinated once by drinking water. After revaccination through the drinking water, haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies were boosted temporarily while neutralising antibodies were maintained at an enhanced level. From chickens vaccinated by aerosol, Newcastle disease virus was recovered for 10 days from lungs and for 7 days from tracheas and caecal tonsils. Peak viraemia was detected 2 and 3 days after vaccination while both neutralising and haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies became detectable 5 days after vaccination.  相似文献   

Village poultry and preventive veterinary medicine     

P. B. Spradbrow 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1990,8(4):305-307

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Field trials of a food-based vaccine to protect village chickens against Newcastle disease     

I Aini  A L Ibrahim  P B Spradbrow 《Research in veterinary science》1990,49(2):216-219

The food pellet vaccine has been shown to be effective in trials conducted under laboratory and simulated field conditions. The village chickens vaccinated with the food pellet vaccine during the field trial were protected against virulent Newcastle disease virus. The efficacy of the food pellet vaccine in the field was evaluated by challenge trial in which 60 per cent protection was obtained, or by monitoring the incidence of Newcastle disease in vaccinated and unvaccinated birds. There was no report of Newcastle disease outbreaks in the vaccinated birds during the two-year period of the field trial. The ease in administering the food pellet vaccine makes it readily accepted by the farmers.  相似文献   

A SURVEY FOR ARBOVIRUS ANTIBODIES IN PIGS AND SHEEP IN QUEENSLAND     

P. B. Spradbrow B.V.Sc.  Ph.D. 《Australian veterinary journal》1972,48(7):402-407

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The association of a herpesvirus with generalised disease in a kitten     

P B Spradbrow  C Carlisle  D A Watt 《The Veterinary record》1971,89(20):542-544

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Isolation of Acholeplasma oculi from diseased horses in Australia     

A.R.S. Moorthy  H. Kirchhoff  J. Heitmann  G.V. Plumer  P.B. Spradbrow 《Veterinary microbiology》1977,2(3):253-256

Eleven isolations of A. oculi were made from nasal swabs from horses with acute upper respiratory disease (3), from an equine lung with extensive emphysema (1), from lung, liver and placenta respectively of three aborted foals, from cerebrospinal fluids from two horses with a paralytic syndrome, from synovial from a horse with acute polyarthritis and from a semen sample from a stallion with a breeding problem.  相似文献   

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF HERPES VIRUS FROM TURKEYS     

L. B. M. Prasad  P. B. Spradbrow 《Australian veterinary journal》1977,53(12):582-585

Turkey herpesvirus (HVT) was isolated from the kidneys of 6 of 8 turkey poults from two flocks. The isolates were identified by syncytial-type of cytopathology, inhibition of plaque formation by 5-bromodeoxyuridine, formation of Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusions in cell cultures, and presence of herpes-type virions in negatively stained preparations and thin sections of infected cell cultures. One of these isolates inoculated into chickens proved apathogenic over an observation period of 10 weeks. Indirect immunofluorescence and serum neutralisation tests revealed serological relationship between these isolates and the strain NSW 1/70 of HVT. Staining of HVT-infected cell culture by Marek's disease herpesvirus (MDHV) antiserum showed intranuclear fluorescence but attempts to prepare HVT precipitating antigen or to demonstrate cross-precipiation between HVT and MDHV were unsuccessful.  相似文献   

Further comparison of faecal egg count reduction test procedures: Sensitivity and specificity     

PB McKenna 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):365-366

Extract

In a recent communication (McKenna2006 McKenna, PB. 2006. A comparison of faecal egg count reduction test procedures. New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 54: 202–3. [Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), a comparison was made between four different methods for calculating results from faecal egg count reduction (FECR) tests (FECRTs). The first and most complex of these, referred to as FECRT₁, involved the use of the formula: FECR = 100 × (1?[T2/T1][C1/C2]), where T1 and T2 represented the mean pre- and post-treatment faecal nematode egg counts (FECs) of a treated group, and C1 and C2 represented the mean pre- and post-treatment FECs of an untreated control group, respectively. The other three formulae consisted of more simplified versions of this procedure. In one of them (FECRT₂), only post-treatment samples were considered, whereas the other two were based on comparisons between the FECs of groups of animals sampled at the time of anthelmintic treatment (pre-treatment) with those sampled several days later (post-treatment). Thus, FECRT₂ was determined according to the formula: FECR = 100 × (1?[T2/C2]), while FECRT₃ was calculated from FECR = 100 × (1?[T2/T1]). The fourth procedure (FECRT₄) was based on a further simplification of FECRT₃ where pre-treatment FECs from only one treatment group were used for comparison with all post-treatment results. This base-line pre-treatment group thus effectively functioned as an untreated control group and hence the formula for FECRT₄ was FECR = 100 × (1?[T2/C1]).  相似文献   

Resistance to moxidectin and abamectin in naturally acquired Ostertagia circumcincta infections in sheep     

PL Hughes  PB McKenn  A Murphy 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):202-204

AIM: To investigate the occurrence of resistance to macrocylic lactone (ML) anthelmintics by Ostertagia circumcincta in lambs on a sheep and cattle property in the North Island of New Zea- land.

METHODS: Thirty lambs were randomly allocated to one of five equal-sized groups, consisting of an untreated control and four treatment groups. The treatments, which were administered at the manufacturer's recommended dose rates, included oral moxidectin, oral abamectin (both at 0.2 mg/kg), an albendazole-levamisole combination, and an albendazole-levamisole-ivermectin combination. Post mortem worm counts were undertaken 7 days after treatment to determine the efficacy of each anthelmintic.

RESULTS: The albendazole-levamisole and albendazole-levam-isole-ivermectin combinations both reduced O. circumcincta burdens to zero whereas for moxidectin and abamectin efficacies of only 72% and 29%, respectively, were recorded.

CONCLUSIONS: These results clearly demonstrated the occurrence of resistance to MLs by O. circumcincta. Although this is not the first occasion where resistance to this anthelmintic family has been detected in this parasite in sheep in New Zealand, it is the first instance that resistance to either moxidectin or abamectin has been reported.  相似文献