Degradation of AM Nitrification Inhibitor in Soil of Subtropical Region     

Anjana Srivastava  Kailash Singh Rawat  Santosh Chandra Bhatt  Deepa Rawat  Prakash Chandra Srivastava 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(17):1961-1966

The aim of the study was to evaluate the degradation and persistence of 2-amino 4-chloro 6-methyl pyrimidine (AM), nitrification inhibitor at 1 and 2 µg g^?1 application rates in soil. The extraction of AM was done by QuEChER’s (Quick, Easy. Cheap. Rugged and Safe) method and the quantitative analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). AM decreased with time at both the levels of application with the decline being faster in the beginning up to 7 d. Dissipation of AM occurred in a single phase with the persistence data fitting well to the first-order kinetics. Half-lives of AM were determined to be 14.33 and 16.7 d at 1 and 2 µg g^–1 levels application rates. Since AM remains effective for an adequate period of time, it can be used for increasing efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizers in rice–wheat cropping systems as well as a safeguard for controlling environmental pollution in subtropical soils.  相似文献   

Diversity in weed seed production and the soil seed bank: Contrasting responses between two agroecosystems     

Rajani Srivastava  K.P. Singh 《Weed Biology and Management》2014,14(1):21-30

This study was carried out to compare the diversity in seed production and the soil seed bank in a dryland and an irrigated agroecosystem in the dry tropics. Both agroecosystems showed a comparable number of species, but only 25% and 38% similarity during the winter and rainy cropping seasons, respectively. In the irrigated agroecosystem, the amount of seed production diversity was almost double in the winter season, compared to the rainy season. The weed seedbank diversity was low but was sensitive to cropping practices and seasons in both agroecosystems. A considerably smaller soil seedbank size in the irrigated agroecosystem (cf. dryland) was related to lowered weed seed production. The dryland agroecosystem showed a greater accumulation of the seeds of broad‐leaved weeds, whereas the irrigated agroecosystem accumulated more seeds of the grasses or sedges. About three‐fourths of the seeds during the winter season were accounted for by Anagallis arvensis and Chenopodium album in the dryland agroecosystem and by C. album and Melilotus indica in the irrigated agroecosystem. However, during the rainy season, Ammannia baccifera, Echinochloa colona and Cyperus rotundus dominated in both agroecosystems. The changes in the weed seed bank and its diversity are mainly attributed to differences in water management, which tends to reduce species diversity, especially at a lower depth, but leads to the dominance of some potentially noxious weeds (e.g. Phalaris minor and M. indica). Approximately double the soil seedbank size and a greater diversity at a lower depth might indicate an adaptive mechanism in the storage of weed seeds in the dryland agroecosystem.  相似文献   

Novel antioxidant compounds from the aqueous extract of the roots of Decalepis hamiltonii (Wight and Arn.) and their inhibitory effect on low-density lipoprotein oxidation     

Srivastava A  Harish R  Shivanandappa T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(3):790-795

Roots of Decalepis hamiltonii are consumed as pickles and as a health drink in southern India for their health benefits. The antioxidant properties of the root extracts have been shown previously; this paper reports the isolation of antioxidant compounds from the aqueous extract of the roots of D. hamiltonii. Five novel antioxidant compounds were isolated and characterized by NMR and MS. The compounds exhibited free radical scavenging activity in vitro and inhibited low-density lipoprotein oxidation. This study demonstrates that the root extract of D. hamiltonii is a cocktail of several antioxidant compounds with health implications.  相似文献   

Influence of organic amendments on dissipation kinetics of two different pesticides in soil: a case study     

Archana Suyal  Prakash Chandra Srivastava 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(14):1750-1760

A study was undertaken to investigate the remedial effect of some soil amendments (farmyard manure (FYM), press mud compost (PMC), cereal straw (CS) at 5 t ha^?1 and fresh cow dung slurry (FCD) @ 0.5 t ha^?1) on dissipation kinetics of imidacloprid and sulfosulfuron under laboratory conditions. Incorporation of CS or FCD was found to be most effective in degrading both the pesticides at faster rates. Dissipation of both the pesticides could be well accounted by two component (1 + 1) first order kinetics. The computed values of parameters revealed that use of organic amendments increased the dissipated fraction of imidacloprid and sulfosulfuron. Incorporation of CS or FCD in soil maintained relatively higher dissipation rate constants for both faster and slower dissipation processes of pesticides in comparison to control. Hence, eco-friendly practices of CS or FCD incorporation as soil amendment in soil can play a vital role in preventing soil and water pollution.  相似文献   

Impact of Distillery Effluent on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics in a Vertisol of Central India     

AK Biswas  Pankaj Sharma  KM Hati  S Ramana  AB Singh 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(17):2189-2196

Distilleries produce a huge quantity of effluents, popularly known as spent wash (SW), which when bio-methanated produce post-methanation effluents (PME). A field experiment on soybean–wheat system was conducted for five consecutive years in a Vertisol of central India to evaluate the effect of distillery effluent (DE) on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics. Ten treatment combinations consisting of control, 100% NPK + Farmyard Manure (FYM), and graded level of SW and PME were applied. Total carbon content of soil increased significantly with applications of FYM and DE. SW was found superior in enhancing carbon content of soil in comparison to PME. Farmyard Manure contributed more carbon toward the recalcitrant pool, whereas DE contributed more carbon toward the active and slow pool. Nitrogen (N) availability was significantly improved with the application of DE. Balanced application of DE may act as amendment for increasing C and N stocks in Vertisol.  相似文献   

Role of Some Plant Growth Promotory Bacteria on Enhanced Fe Uptake of Wheat     

Sachin Kumar Vaid  Arun Kumar  Anita Sharma  P. C. Srivastava  A. K Shukla 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(7):756-768

The quest for plant growth promotory bacteria that can help in sustainable agriculture has increased in the recent years owing to increasing cost of fertilizers. In the present study, the potential of three isolated bacteria having plant growth promotory effects in mobilizing the indigenous soil iron (Fe) in two different varieties of wheat was evaluated. Three bacterial isolates belonging to the genera Burkholderia and Acinetobacter were evaluated singly and in combinations for Fe uptake of wheat in a net house study. Results showed that bacterial isolates when used in combination performed better in comparison to their individual use. These isolates significantly increased the mean Fe concentration in grains and straw by 34.0% and 52.4% over the uninoculated controls and also increased the total Fe uptake per pot in comparison to uninoculated controls. The bacterial inoculation also showed a positive impact on the bioavailability of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extractable Fe in soil.  相似文献   

Amendment of Sugar Mill Wastewater Irrigation on Soil Biohydrological Properties and Yield of Vigna umguiculata L. Walp in Two Seasons     

Sachin Srivastava  A. K. Chopra  Piyusha Sharma  Vinod Kumar 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(5):511-523

A field experiment was conducted to study the biohydrological properties of soil and yield of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp irrigated with five concentrations of sugar mill wastewater (SMW) during the Kharif and Zaid seasons. Among various concentrations of SMW, irrigation with 100% SMW significantly (P < 0.001) increased zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cadmium (C), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and iron (Fe) of the soil, while decreased total bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, yeast, and rhizobia of the soil in both the cultivated seasons. However, the values of these metals were below the recommended permissible limit except Cd. Enrichment factor (Ef) of various heavy metals for soil was in the order Ni > Cr > Cd > Zn > Cu after irrigation with SMW. The crop yield of V. unguiculata was found to be inversely proportional to concentrations of SMW, with the best results being obtained at 50% SMW concentrations after 90 days of irrigation in both the cultivated seasons.  相似文献   

Plasma pharmacokinetics and milk levels of ceftriaxone following single intravenous administration in healthy and endometritic cows     

Sudershan Kumar  Anil K. Srivastava  V. K. Dumka  Naresh Kumar  Rajinder K. Raina 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(6):503-510

Pharmacokinetics and milk levels of ceftriaxone were studied in healthy and endometritic cows following single intravenous administration. The drug was detected up to 8 h of dosing in plasma of healthy and endometritic cows and the drug disposition followed three-compartment open model. The values of Vd_area, AUC, t_1/2β, Cl_B, MRT and P/C ratio were 0.50 ± 0.19 L.kg⁻¹, 62.2 ± 23.3 μg.ml⁻¹.h, 1.02 ± 0.07 h, 0.30 ± 0.09 L.kg⁻¹.h⁻¹, 1.55 ± 0.25 h and 0.52 ± 0.27, respectively, in healthy and 1.55 ± 0.52 L.kg⁻¹, 37.0 ± 17.1 μg.ml⁻¹.h, 1.56 ± 0.25 h, 0.56 ± 0.14 L.kg⁻¹.h⁻¹, 2.14 ± 0.34 h and 1.44 ± 0.60, respectively, in endometritic cows. The drug was detected in milk for 36 h after administration. For MIC₉₀ of 0.5 μg.ml⁻¹ the most appropriate dosage for ceftriaxone, would be 9.0 mg.kg⁻¹ repeated at 6 h intervals for the treatment of endometritis in cows.  相似文献   

Phenolic glycosides from Dodecadenia grandiflora and their glucose-6-phosphatase inhibitory activity     

Manmeet Kumar  Preeti Rawat  Mohammad Faheem Khan  Akhilesh K. Tamarkar  Arvind K. Srivastava  Kamal R. Arya  Rakesh Maurya 《Fitoterapia》2010

Phytochemical investigation of Dodecadenia grandiflora leaves led to the isolation and identification of three phenolic glycosides, designated 1-[(4′-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-oxy-2-phenol (1), 1-[(6′-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-oxy-2-phenol (2) and 1-[O-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-oxy-2-phenol (3), along with nine known compounds. Compounds 1, 2, 5 and 9 exhibited significant glucose-6-phosphatase inhibitory activity (63.7, 66.9, 82.9 and 85.4%) with IC₅₀ values of 88.5, 81.0, 51 and 50 μM respectively. On the basis of biological results, a structure–activity relationship has been discussed.  相似文献   

Exogenous proline alleviates oxidative stress and increase vase life in rose (Rosa hybrida L. ‘Grand Gala’)     

Naveen Kumar  Madan PalAtar Singh  Raj Kumar SaiRamGirish Chand Srivastava 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

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