Amoebic meningoencephalitis in a young grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus)     

JH NORTON  WJ HARTLEY 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(11):421-421

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Selection line x diet interactions for two lines of pigs fed 12 or 24% protein diets   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B Bereskin  N C Steele  A D Mitchell 《Journal of animal science》1990,68(4):944-959

An experiment with crossbred swine was conducted over six generations of selection based on an index (Index) of average daily gain in weight (ADG) in a test period from 56 d of age to 91 kg gross weight and average backfat thickness (ABF) measured from ultrasonic scans at 91 kg. Test pigs of the high protein select (HS) and control (HC) lines were fed a 24% crude protein (CP) diet and pigs of the low protein select (LS) and control (LC) lines were fed a 12% CP diet during the test period. The extent of genetic (selection line) x environmental (dietary) interaction effects was determined based on feeding closely related boars and gilts from both the HS and LS lines on both diets. Tests were conducted in 1986 and 1987 with progeny of the fifth and sixth generations of selection. Records for 472 pigs sired by 37 boars and out of 101 dams were analyzed for effects of selection and diets on AGE of pig at 91 kg, ADG, ABF, LMA (longissimus muscle area at the last rib) and Index. Statistically significant interactions effects of line x diet were noted (P less than .01) for AGE, ADG and Index, traits with low to moderate heritabilities (h2). For ABF and LMA, body composition traits with moderate or higher h2, interaction effects of line x diet were near zero. These results suggest that for best all-around future performance, traits such as AGE and ADG, selection probably should be practiced under dietary conditions under which future populations will be produced. For body composition traits such as ABF and LMA, selection probably would be more effective if pigs were fed a more enriched protein diet. However, as a practical matter, to more rapidly improve the genetic merit of the swine population, both the central station and on-the-farm testing programs should be conducted under standard commercial production systems.  相似文献   

An investigation into the aetiology of 'wool slip': alopecia in ewes which are housed and shorn in winter     

K L Morgan  P J Brown  A I Wright  F C Steele  A S Baker 《The Veterinary record》1986,119(25-26):621-625

Alopecia in housed ewes which are shorn in winter, 'wool slip', was investigated by taking wool and blood samples, skin scrapings and biopsies from affected and unaffected animals. Epidemiological information was also obtained from farm records, and reports from a local weather station. No pathological lesions were seen and no ectoparasites or forage mites were seen in wool samples or skin scrapings. The plasma zinc and copper concentrations of both groups were within the normal range but the copper concentrations were significantly lower in the unaffected animals. There was no difference between the prevalence of the disease in ewes of different breeds or between those producing single or twin lambs. A comparison of the mean temperatures during years of summer and winter shearing suggested that cold stress alone was not involved. Skin biopsies revealed that the wool follicles of affected animals were in an early growth phase (anagen) whereas those of unaffected animals were in the inactive phase (telogen). The clinical and histological signs of the disease were similar to those seen experimentally when corticosteroids are used as chemical depilatory agents. It is suggested that wool slip is due to the high levels of corticosteroids which occur as a result of the combination of housing and shearing and on this basis methods of control are proposed.  相似文献   

Evaluation of protein-A gold labelling with Dirofilaria immitis antigen coated nitrocelluslose for the detection of anti-heartworm antibody in dogs     

JH TARISH  RB ATWELL 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(9):295-296

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Effects of intravenous xylazine hydrochloride on blood glucose, plasma insulin and rectal temperature in neonatal foals     

S A Robertson  S W Carter  M Donovan  C Steele 《Equine veterinary journal》1990,22(1):43-47

The effects of intravenous xylazine hydrochloride on blood glucose, plasma insulin and rectal temperature were investigated in six foals at 10 and 28 days of age. These variables were also measured in three foals at 19 days of age when saline alone was injected. Rectal temperature fell significantly after 30 mins in both groups of xylazine treated foals and was still depressed after 120 mins. Hypothermia did not occur in the saline control group. There was no significant change in blood glucose or plasma insulin concentrations during the 120 mins following either xylazine or saline administration and no significant differences between the three groups of foals. When foals were allowed to suckle after being away from their dams for 2 h, there was a significant (P less than 0.01) rise in plasma insulin levels in all the groups. Blood glucose showed a concomitant rise but this was only significant in the saline group. Unlike adults, intravenous xylazine (1.1 mg/kg) does not produce hypoinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia in foals. This study suggests that the inhibition of insulin release from pancreatic beta-cells by xylazine, which in adults is alpha 2-adrenoceptor mediated, is immature or absent in foals under one month of age.  相似文献   

Effects of exogenous porcine growth hormone administration between 30 and 60 kilograms on the subsequent and overall performance of pigs grown to 90 kilograms     

R G Campbell  N C Steele  T J Caperna  J P McMurtry  M B Solomon  A D Mitchell 《Journal of animal science》1989,67(5):1265-1271

Twenty-eight barrows were used to investigate the effects of exogenous porcine growth hormone (pGH) administration (0 and 100 micrograms.kg-1.d-1) between 30 and 60 kg on the subsequent and overall performance and carcass composition of pigs grown to 90 kg. The pGH was administered by daily i.m. injection and all pigs were fed one diet. Control animals were pair-fed to the intake noted for pGH-treated pigs between 30 and 60 kg and all pigs were fed ad libitum from 60 to 90 kg. Pigs administered pGH had an improved rate (36%) and efficiency (28%) of gain and an improved protein accretion rate (46%) compared to excipient-treated pigs. Pigs previously treated with pGH continued to exhibit superior (P less than .01) rate and efficiency of gain, and the gain was associated with enhanced protein accretion during the quiescent (postinjection) period compared with excipient counterparts. Administration of pGH between 30 and 60 kg reduced carcass fat and increased carcass protein and water at 90 kg, although fat accretion rate was comparable to that of control pigs. Results indicate that, to varying degrees, the stimulatory effects of pGH on growth performance are sustained following cessation of hormone treatment.  相似文献   

Ehrlichia of Potomac horse fever identified with a silver stain   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

K E Steele  Y Rikihisa  A M Walton 《Veterinary pathology》1986,23(4):531-533

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A personal history of veterinary public health     

Steele JH 《Veterinary heritage : bulletin of the American Veterinary History Society》1996,19(2):39-44

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Fetal hepatic and neural substrate utilization as affected by induced nutritional ketosis in swine     

N C Steele  R W Rosebrough  J P McMurtry 《Journal of animal science》1984,58(6):1388-1395

Systemic ketosis was induced in first-parity gilts by the isocaloric substitution of glucose with 1,3-butylene glycol to supply 20% of the total dietary energy beginning on d 23 (23 BG) or d 60 (60 BG) of gestation. Ketosis reduced (P less than .05) maternal plasma glucose, urea N and insulin concentrations. Fetal carcass dry matter and carcass glycogen contents were reduced (P less than .05) by maternal ketogenic calorie substitution, whereas fetal hepatic glycogen and lipid contents were not influenced by maternal treatment. Neural acetate oxidation was reduced (P less than .05) in the 23 BG and 60 BG fetuses, with a concurrent increase (P less than .05) in beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) oxidation. Neural lipogenesis measured from acetate and BOHB substrates was nominal in the d 105 pig fetus. Fetal hepatic acetate and BOHB utilization for lipogenesis were increased (P less than .05) by maternal ketosis. Reproductive performance characteristics (litter size, number stillborn and birth weight) were not improved by maternal ketosis. The substantial improvement in lactation weight gain by litters from 23 BG and 60 BG dams (20%, P less than .05) may suggest a carryover effect of gestation dietary treatment on lactation performance.  相似文献   

Prevalence of Bartonella infection in wild African lions (Panthera leo) and cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)     

Molia S  Chomel BB  Kasten RW  Leutenegger CM  Steele BR  Marker L  Martenson JS  Keet DF  Bengis RG  Peterson RP  Munson L  O'Brien SJ 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,100(1-2):31-41

Bartonella species are emerging pathogens that have been isolated worldwide from humans and other mammals. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of Bartonella infection in free-ranging African lions (Panthera leo) and cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus). Blood and/or serum samples were collected from a convenience sample of 113 lions and 74 cheetahs captured in Africa between 1982 and 2002. Whole blood samples available from 58 of the lions and 17 of the cheetahs were cultured for evidence of Bartonella spp., and whole blood from 54 of the 58 lions and 73 of the 74 cheetahs tested for the presence of Bartonella DNA by TaqMan PCR. Serum samples from the 113 lions and 74 cheetahs were tested for the presence of antibodies against Bartonella henselae using an immunofluorescence assay. Three (5.2%) of the 58 lions and one (5.9%) of the 17 cheetahs were bacteremic. Two lions were infected with B. henselae, based on PCR/RFLP of the citrate synthase gene. The third lion and the cheetah were infected with previously unidentified Bartonella strains. Twenty-three percent of the 73 cheetahs and 3.7% of the 54 lions tested by TaqMan PCR were positive for Bartonella spp. B. henselae antibody prevalence was 17% (19/113) for the lions and 31% (23/74) for the cheetahs. The prevalence of seropositivity, bacteremia, and positive TaqMan PCR was not significantly different between sexes and age categories (juvenile versus adult) for both lions and cheetahs. Domestic cats are thus no longer the only known carriers of Bartonella spp. in Africa. Translocation of B. henselae seronegative and TaqMan PCR negative wild felids might be effective in limiting the spread of Bartonella infection.  相似文献