Bioassays for the ecotoxicological and genotoxicological assessment of contaminated soils (results of a round robin test)     

Kerstin Hund-Rinke  Werner Kördel  Dieter Hennecke  Adolf Eisenträger  Stefanie Heiden 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2002,2(1):43-50

For the assessment of contaminated or remediated soils, in addition to chemical analyses, ecotoxicological tests are performed which focus on the retention function of soils (determined by tests with aqueous soil extracts) and on the habitat function (determined by tests with soil). While numerous standardized test guidelines exist to investigate effects by chemical substances, respective test procedures for soil assessments are lacking. To close this gap, a round robin test was performed to support standardization. Four contaminated soils were tested using a total of fifteen test systems including ecotoxicological and genotoxicological tests with soil extracts and soil. The results obtained from the tests with soil extracts are presented in this article.  相似文献   

Implications of the RhoA/Rho associated kinase pathway and leptin in primary uterine inertia in the dog     

Bianca Lourdes FREHNER  Iris Margaret REICHLER  Mariusz Pawel KOWALEWSKI  Aykut GRAM  Stefanie KELLER  Sandra GOERICKE-PESCH  Orsolya BALOGH 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2021,67(3):207

The underlying functional and molecular changes in canine primary uterine inertia (PUI) are still not clarified. Leptin (Lep) and obesity negatively affect uterine contractility in women, partly mediated by the RhoA/Rho associated kinase pathway, affecting myometrial calcium sensitization. We hypothesized that increased uterine Lep/Lep receptor (LepR) or decreased RhoA/Rho associated kinase expression contributes to PUI in dogs, independent of obesity. Dogs presented for dystocia were grouped into PUI (n = 11) or obstructive dystocia (OD, still showing strong labor contractions; n = 7). Interplacental full-thickness uterine biopsies were collected during Cesarean section for relative gene expression (RGE) of RhoA, its effector kinases (ROCK1, ROCK2), Lep and LepR by qPCR. Protein and/or mRNA expression and localization was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. RGE was compared between groups by one-way ANOVA using body weight as covariate with statistical significance at P < 0.05. Uterine ROCK1 and ROCK2 gene expression was significantly higher in PUI than OD, while RhoA and Lep did not differ. LepR RGE was below the detection limit in five PUI and all OD dogs. Litter size had no influence. Lep, LepR, RhoA, ROCK1, ROCK2 protein and/or mRNA were localized in the myometrium and endometrium. Uterine protein expression appeared similar between groups. LepR mRNA signals appeared stronger in PUI than OD. In conclusion, lasting, strong labor contractions in OD likely resulted in downregulation of uterine ROCK1 and ROCK2, contrasting the higher expression in PUI dogs with insufficient contractions. The Lep-LepR system may affect uterine contractility in non-obese PUI dogs in a paracrine-autocrine manner.  相似文献   

Cervical disc width index is a reliable parameter and consistent in young growing Dutch Warmblood horses     

Stefanie Veraa  Carmen J.W. Scheffer  Danielle H.M. Smeets  Renske B. de Bruin  Arie C. Hoogendoorn  Johannes C.M. Vernooij  Mirjam Nielen  Willem Back 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2021,62(1):11-19

Intervertebral disc disease, as well as the associated alteration of the radiographic intervertebral disc space width, has been reported in horses. Disc height index (DHI) has proven to be an accurate and objective parameter in other species but data related to this parameter are lacking in horses. Therefore, the aims of this retrospective longitudinal diagnostic accuracy study were (a) to evaluate the reliability of measurements within and between observers of the equine Disc Width Index (EDWI) as a parameter for radiographic equine cervical intervertebral disc space width, and (b) to evaluate the sequential development of the EDWI over time. For this, EDWI from all intervertebral disc spaces between second cervical (C) to first thoracic (Th) vertebrae were obtained in a group of 39 Dutch Warmblood horses at 1, 5, and 18 months of age, by one European College of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging (ECVDI) board‐certified veterinary radiologist (S.V.) and two veterinary students. Bland‐Altmann plots and intraclass Correlation Coefficient revealed a good intra‐ and interobserver agreement. A linear mixed‐effect model did reveal that mean EDWI increases significantly toward the caudal cervical spine, but did not differ significantly for a certain location over time or between sexes. Spearman's rank test did show a significant correlation between the vertebral alignment angle induced by different head‐neck positions and a normalized EDWI (ρ = 0.33, P < .0001). Student's t‐test revealed that the presence of C6‐C7 transposition of the transverse processes did not influence EDWI significantly. It was concluded that EDWI represents a reliable parameter for equine cervical radiographic intervertebral disc space width. Practical implementation of EDWI warrants monitoring in a group of adult horses while maintaining a standardized head‐neck position.  相似文献   

Cervical articular process joint osteochondrosis in Warmblood foals     

Wilhelmina Bergmann  Marjolijn de Mik-van Mourik  Stefanie Veraa  Jan van den Broek  Inge D. Wijnberg  Willem Back  Andrea Gröne 《Equine veterinary journal》2020,52(5):664-669

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Natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands control organogenesis of intestinal lymphoid follicles   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kiss EA  Vonarbourg C  Kopfmann S  Hobeika E  Finke D  Esser C  Diefenbach A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6062):1561-1565

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Clinical characteristics and causes of pruritus in cats: a multicentre study on feline hypersensitivity-associated dermatoses     

Hobi S  Linek M  Marignac G  Olivry T  Beco L  Nett C  Fontaine J  Roosje P  Bergvall K  Belova S  Koebrich S  Pin D  Kovalik M  Meury S  Wilhelm S  Favrot C 《Veterinary dermatology》2011,22(5):406-413

Hypersensitivity dermatitides (HD) are often suspected in cats. Cats with HD are reported to present with one or more of the following patterns: miliary dermatitis, eosinophilic dermatitis, self-induced symmetrical alopecia or head and/or neck excoriations. Previous reports on feline HD included small numbers of animals, took place in geographically restricted areas or did not compare these conditions with other causes of pruritus. The goal of the present study was to analyse 72 parameters covering signalment, clinical, laboratory and treatment characteristics from a large group of pruritic cats from different geographical areas. Of the 502 cats, the following diagnoses were made: flea HD (29% of cases), food HD (12%) nonflea/nonfood HD (20%) and other diseases in which pruritus was a feature (24%). Cats with signs consistent with a HD but which did not complete a food trial were not analysed further (15% of cases). Most cats with nonflea HD exhibited signs compatible with one or more of the four typical lesional patterns, but none of these patterns was found to be pathognomonic for any specific diagnosis. Food HD and nonflea/nonfood HD were found to be clinically undistinguishable. Young adult, purebred and female cats appeared predisposed to nonflea/nonfood HD. As many diagnoses presented with similar lesional patterns, a thorough clinical work-up is required for establishment of a specific diagnosis.  相似文献   

Epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma in a guinea pig     

Koebrich S  Grest P  Favrot C  Wilhelm S 《Veterinary dermatology》2011,22(2):215-219

A 4-year-old female guinea pig was presented with pruritic, erythematous, hypotrichotic and scaling skin lesions, mainly involving the abdomen and the hindlegs. Clinical abnormalities were limited to the skin, and the guinea pig was otherwise healthy. The dermatological diagnostic work-up excluded ectoparasites, dermatophytosis and an endocrinopathy as differential diagnoses for the pruritus and hair loss. An allergic dermatitis was under investigation when the general and skin condition deteriorated. A neoplastic skin disorder was suspected, and skin biopsies revealed changes consistent with a cutaneous epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma. Pautrier's microabscesses and immunophenotyped CD3(+) CD79(-) lymphocytes were identified. Owing to the deteriorating condition of the animal and the unknown but most likely poor prognosis of this disease, the guinea pig was euthanized. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report of cutaneous epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma in the guinea pig with characteristic histopathological and immunohistochemical features.  相似文献   

Computed tomography of the abdomen in Saanen goats: II. liver, spleen, abomasum, and intestine     

Braun U  Irmer M  Augsburger H  Müller U  Jud R  Ohlerth S 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》2011,153(7):314-320

This study describes the results of computed tomography (CT) of the liver, spleen, abomasum, small intestine and large intestine in 30 healthy Saanen goats. CT examination and anatomical slice preparation postmortem were performed as described in the first communication. After subjective evaluation of the CT images, various variables including the length/size, volume and density of the liver, spleen and gallbladder, the wall thickness of the abomasum, small intestine and large intestine and the diameter of the intestine were measured. The liver, spleen, abomasum, small intestine and large intestine could be accurately visualised using CT.  相似文献   

BPV-1 infection is not confined to the dermis but also involves the epidermis of equine sarcoids     

Brandt S  Tober R  Corteggio A  Burger S  Sabitzer S  Walter I  Kainzbauer C  Steinborn R  Nasir L  Borzacchiello G 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,150(1-2):35-40

In equids, bovine papillomaviruses of type 1 (BPV-1) and less frequently type 2 induce common, locally aggressive skin tumours termed sarcoids. Whereas BPV infection in cattle usually involves the epidermis and is productive in this skin layer, infection in equids is currently thought to be abortive, with virus solely residing as multiple episomes in dermal fibroblasts. Based on recent observations that do not agree with this assumption, we hypothesised that BPV also infects equid epidermis and is active in this skin layer. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a proof-of-principle study on eight distinct sarcoids. Presence of viral DNA was addressed by qualitative and quantitative BPV-1 PCR from microdissected sarcoid epidermis, and by subsequent amplicon sequencing. Viral activity was assessed by screening sarcoid epidermis for BPV-1 protein expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) or immunofluorescence (IF). Virus-free equine skin served as negative control throughout the assays. BPV-1 DNA was demonstrated in all sarcoid epidermis samples, with viral DNA loads ranging between 2 and 195 copies/cell. Identical BPV-1 E5 genes were identified in epidermis and dermis of each of two sarcoids, yet different E5 variants were found in individual lesions. IHC/IF revealed the presence of E5 and E7 protein in sarcoid epidermis, and L1 capsomers in the squamous layer of one lesion. These findings indicate that BPV infection also involves the epidermis, where it may occasionally be productive.  相似文献   

Diversity of the European indigenous wild apple (Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill.) in the East Ore Mountains (Osterzgebirge), Germany: II. Genetic characterization     

Stefanie Reim  Aki Höltken  Monika Höfer 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2013,60(3):879-892

In the present study genetic diversity and hybridization with cultivars were investigated in a population of the endangered European wild apple species Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. with the aim to establish a basis for the implementation of conservation activities and to ensure its long-term preservation. A total of 284 putative M. sylvestris trees located in the East Ore Mountains were investigated along with a standard set of reference apple genotypes proposed by the European Cooperative Program for Plant Genetic Resources (ECPGR) and 13 old apple cultivars often cultivated in Saxony. The genetic analysis was performed using 12 microsatellite markers also recommend by the ECPGR. To differentiate ‘true type’ M. sylvestris individuals, hybrids and apple cultivars (Malus × domestica Borkh.) a model-based cluster analysis was performed using STRUCTURE. Two clusters were identified consisting of M. sylvestris and M. × domestica genotypes. About 40 % of the putative M. sylvestris showed an admixture of the species-specific allele frequencies and were defined as hybrids. The genetic diversity of the ‘true type’ M. sylvestris population was still high but slightly lower than in the apple cultivars especially since some SSR loci were fixed on one or few alleles in the M. sylvestris population. The differentiation parameters between ‘true type’ wild apple and cultivars indicated a clear discrimination between the wild and cultivated apple individuals. This fact confirms our expectation of the existence of ‘true type’ M. sylvestris individuals in the East Ore Mountains and argues for the realization of preservation measures in this area.  相似文献