In Vitro Mechanical Evaluation of a Novel Pin–Sleeve System for External Fixation of Distal Limb Fractures in Horses: A Proof of Concept Study     

Stefano Brianza  Vittoria Brighenti  Ludovic Boure  Victor Sprenger  Simon Pearce  Karsten Schwieger 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(5):601-608

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a novel pin–sleeve cast (PSC) system for external fixation of distal limb fractures in horses and to compare it with the transfixation pin cast (TPC) system. Study Design: Experimental. Sample Population: One bone substitute each was used for the TPC and PSC systems. The PSC was tested in 4 configurations characterized by different pin preloads. Methods: Specimens were loaded in axial compression in the elastic range. Variables compared statistically were: bone substitute axial displacement and axial strain measured above implants with strain gauges. Pin preload was correlated with the variables investigated. Load to failure and a fatigue tests supplemented the investigation. Results: The PSC configuration with the highest pin preload showed a significantly lower axial displacement compared with the TPC. No significant differences were observed between all other PSC configurations and the TPC. All PSC systems had a significant decrease in recorded strain compared with the TPC system. Pin axial preload inversely correlated with axial displacement but had no effect on axial strain. In the failure test, the PSC encountered plastic deformation earlier than the TPC. In the fatigue test, the PSC ran >200,000 cycles. Conclusions: Preliminary in vitro tests showed that the PSC system significantly reduced peri‐implant strain while concurrently having comparable axial displacement to the TPC system. Clinical Relevance: The PSC system has the potential to reduce the risk of pin loosening in horses.  相似文献   

Antioxidant compounds from Chaerophyllum hirsutum extracts     

Dall'Acqua S  Innocenti G 《Fitoterapia》2004,75(6):592-595

Antioxidant activity of sequential extracts obtained from Chaerophyllum hirsutum was tested using the reaction with the stable radical 1,1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Activity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of 6-methylluteolin, luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, feruloyl-6-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and maltol-beta-D-glucopyranoside.  相似文献   

Shifts in circulating lymphocyte subsets in cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP): pathogenic role and diagnostic relevance     

Paltrinieri S  Ponti W  Comazzi S  Giordano A  Poli G 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2003,96(3-4):141-148

Cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) are usually lymphopenic and have lymphoid depletion evident in spleen and lymph nodes. In particular, the number of CD4+ lymphocytes in tissues decreases during the evolution of FIP lesions. This decrease is most likely due to increased lymphocyte apoptotic rate. In contrast, cats infected with the Feline Coronavirus (FCoV) develop a follicular hyperplasia in the peripheral lymph nodes. The current study was devised to evaluate the possible pathogenic role of shifts in circulating lymphocyte subsets in FIP. Peripheral blood from cats with FIP was evaluated and compared with peripheral blood from clinically healthy cats living in both FCoV-free and FCoV-endemic catteries. Blood from cats with diseases other than FIP was also examined in order to define the diagnostic relevance of the changes. Lymphocyte subsets were analysed by flow cytometry, using a whole blood indirect immunofluorescence technique and mAbs specific for feline CD5, CD4, CD8, CD21. The results of the current study suggest that cats recently infected with FCoV that do not develop the disease have a transient increase in T cells; cats from groups with high prevalence of FIP have a moderate but persistent decrease in T cell subsets; cats with FIP have a very severe decrease in all the subsets of lymphocytes. Moreover, during FIP many lymphocytes do not express any membrane antigen, most likely due to early apoptosis. Cats with diseases other than FIP also had decreased number of lymphocytes: as a consequence, the diagnostic relevance of these findings is very low. Nevertheless, the lack of flow cytometric changes had a high negative predictive value (NPV), thus allowing to exclude FIP from the list of possible diagnoses in cats with normal cytograms.  相似文献   

A study of mutations in the c-kit gene of 32 dogs with mastocytoma.     

Federica Riva  Stefano Brizzola  Damiano Stefanello  Simone Crema  Lauretta Turin 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2005,17(4):385-388

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Avian influenza in poultry in Chile     

Rojas H  Moreira R  Avalos P  Capua I  Marangon S 《The Veterinary record》2002,151(6):188

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Strategies for the control of avian influenza in Italy     

Capua I  Cattoli G  Marangon S  Bortolotti L  Ortali G 《The Veterinary record》2002,150(7):223

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Development of Specific PCR Primers for Identification and Detection of Rhizopycnis vagum     

Stefano Ghignone  Giacomo Tamietti  Mariangela Girlanda 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(8):861-870

Rhizopycnis vagum is a recently described coelomycete known to belong to the complex of root rot pathogens contributing to vine decline of cucurbits in several parts of the world. However, the fungus has also been reported to infect tomato, and as an endophytic associate of mycorrhizal roots of wild, asymptomatic Pinus halepensis and Rosmarinus officinalis plants in Italy. To accelerate epidemiological and ecological investigations on this fungus, a PCR primer pair was developed. Primers Rv1-F and Rv1-R were designed, based on alignment of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2), which amplified a 396-bp fragment from all R. vagum isolates tested, including isolates pathogenic to melons and endophytic isolates from mycorrhizae. Specificity of the primer pair was verified both in silico (BLAST searches using each primer string as a query) and in PCR assays, where the primers failed to amplify DNA from any isolate of fungi taxonomically related to R. vagum (e.g. Massarina walkeri and Stagonospora spp.) and other vine decline and common soilborne pathogens (e.g. Monasporascus cannonballus, Acremonium cucurbitacearum, Fusarium spp. and Rhizoctonia solani). Under optimum conditions, detectable amplification of the specific sequence required 0.05 pg of target DNA. Amplification of the expected 369-bp fragment was also obtained from DNA root extracts of nearly asymptomatic Cucumis melo plants inoculated with R. vagum under greenhouse conditions.  相似文献   

Characterisation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phoma tracheiphila</Emphasis> by RAPD-PCR,microsatellite-primed PCR and ITS rDNA sequencing and development of specific primers for <Emphasis Type="Italic">in planta</Emphasis> PCR detection     

Virgilio?Balmas  Barbara?Scherm  Stefano?Ghignone  Ali?Ould?Mohamed?Salem  Santa?Olga?Cacciola  Quirico?MigheliEmail author 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2005,111(3):235-247

Thirty six isolates of Phoma tracheiphila from Italy, the causal agent of the mal secco disease on Citrus species, were characterised by different molecular tools in comparison with representative isolates of other phytopathogenic Phoma species. These included analysis of the distribution of RAPD and microsatellite markers and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear rRNA genes. The results obtained with 12 RAPD primers (92 markers) and 7 microsatellite primers (56 markers) suggest that Italian isolates of P. tracheiphila are genetically homogeneous, leading to identical patterns upon amplification with all the tested primers. Accordingly, ITSI-5.8S-ITS2 sequences were highly conserved (98–100% identity along a 544-characters alignment) among all the isolates of P. tracheiphila. A neighbor-joining analysis of ITS sequences of P. tracheiphila in comparison with those of other Phoma species, as well as with alignable sequences from anamorphic and teleomorphic taxa retrieved in BLAST searches, revealed a close relationship between P. tracheiphila and Leptosphaeria congesta. A pair of P. tracheiphila-specific primers was designed on the consensus sequence (555 residues) obtained from the alignment of the newly generated P. tracheiphila ITS sequences. A PCR-based specific assay coupled to electrophoretic separation of amplicons made it possible to detect P. tracheiphila in naturally infected Citrus wood tissue collected from both symptomatic and symptomless plants. The limit of detection was 10 pg of genomic DNA and 5 fg of the ITS target sequence.  相似文献   

Failure to conceive in the queen     

Romagnoli S 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2005,7(1):59-63

A 13-month-old Persian queen was presented for infertility. She had been bred on two consecutive oestrous cycles on day 1 of oestrus, and on both occasions had developed a purulent vulvar discharge shortly after breeding. Treatment by the private veterinarian had included parenteral antibiotics and vaginal medications. Upon presentation to the Small Animal Reproduction Service, a complete clinical, diagnostic imaging and laboratory investigation failed to demonstrate evidence of a reproductive tract disease. Therefore, at a subsequent cycle breeding was attempted on day 3 of oestrus. The queen conceived and delivered six kittens by caesarean section. The initial inability of this queen to conceive appears to have resulted from inappropriate management practice.  相似文献   

Stomatocytosis in 7 related Standard Schnauzers     

Bonfanti U  Comazzi S  Paltrinieri S  Bertazzolo W 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2004,33(4):234-239

BACKGROUND: Hereditary canine stomatocytosis has been described in purebred Alaskan Malamutes, Drentse Patrijshonds, and Miniature Schnauzers. In humans, hereditary stomatocytosis is a heterogeneous group of congenital disorders characterized by the presence of stomatocytes in blood, increased osmotic fragility, and frequently, hemolytic anemia. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to describe hematologic findings and RBC characteristics in 7 closely related Standard Schnauzers with stomatocytosis. METHODS: The following parameters were measured using an automated analyzer: HCT, RBC, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, MCV, MCH, MCHC, red cell distribution width (RDW), WBC, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), thrombocrit (PCT), and platelet distribution width (PDW). Differential leukocyte count, platelet estimate, reticulocyte count, and the percentage of stomatocytes in blood films were microscopically evaluated. An osmotic fragility test of RBCs and measurement of intracellular Na+, K+, and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) concentrations were also performed. RESULTS: The affected dogs had macrocytosis (80.0 +/- 4.2 fL, reference interval 60-76 fL), decreased MCHC (29.3 +/- 0.8 g/dL, reference interval 32-39 g/dL), slightly increased RDW (17.3 +/- 0.4%, reference interval 12-16%), and an increased reticulocyte count (1.55 +/- 0.77%, reference interval <1%). The percentage of stomatocytes in blood films varied from 0.6 to 18.9% of all RBCs. Erythrocyte osmotic fragility and intracellular Na+ (138.1 +/- 3.2 mmol/L; controls 99 +/- 6.1 mmol/L), K+ (8.1 +/- 0.8 mmol/L; controls 6.1 +/- 0.5 mmol/L), and 2,3-DPG (21.9 +/- 2.0 micromol/g Hb; controls: 14.6 +/- 3.3 micromol/g Hb) concentrations were increased in dogs with stomatocytosis. CONCLUSIONS: Hematologic findings and the metabolic defects in RBCs in these Standard Schnauzers were consistent with a diagnosis of stomatocytosis. Parentage analysis suggests that stomatocytosis in Standard Schnauzers may have a hereditary component.  相似文献