Non‐electrocardiographic‐gated computed tomographic angiography can be used to diagnose coronary artery anomalies in Bulldogs with pulmonary valve stenosis     

Catherine T. Gunther‐Harrington  Kathryn L. Phillips  Lance C. Visser  Samantha L. Fousse  Joshua A. Stern 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2019,60(1):38-46

Coronary artery anomalies have been reported in Bulldogs and present an increased risk when performing balloon valvuloplasty. Identification of coronary anomalies has been reported using multidetector‐row computed tomographic (MDCT) angiography with electrocardiographic gating. However, the utility of non‐electrocardiographic‐gated 16‐row computed tomographic for MDCT for the identification of coronary artery anatomy or anomalies to the authors’ knowledge has not been fully investigated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of non‐electrocardiographic‐gated computed tomographic (CT) angiography to identify coronary anomalies in Bulldogs with pulmonary valve stenosis. In this prospective, observational study, Bulldogs with echocardiographically diagnosed pulmonary valve stenosis, an echocardiographically derived transpulmonic pressure gradient >70 mm Hg, and a clinician recommendation for balloon valvuloplasty were included. Anesthetized dogs underwent a 16‐row MDCT non‐electrocardiographic‐gated CT angiography. A board‐certified veterinary radiologist and board‐certified veterinary cardiologist reviewed the CT angiography studies and identified the coronary artery anatomy. When normal coronary artery anatomy was detected on CT angiography, a right ventricular outflow tract fluoroscopic angiogram was performed and evaluated during levophase to confirm normal coronary anatomy prior to balloon valvuloplasty. Dogs with coronary anomalies noted on CT angiography were recovered from anesthesia and balloon valvuloplasty was not performed. All dogs (10/10; 100%) had interpretable images from the non‐electrocardiographic‐gated CT angiography. Coronary anomalies were identified in six dogs based on non‐electrocardiographic‐gated CT angiography, five with type R2A anomaly and one had a single left coronary ostium. Four dogs had normal coronary anatomy based on non‐electrocardiographic‐gated CT angiography. Balloon valvuloplasty was performed without incident in these four dogs. We conclude that non‐electrocardiographic‐gated CT angiography represents a noninvasive method for diagnosing coronary anomalies in Bulldogs with pulmonary valve stenosis.  相似文献   

Aberrant migration and surgical removal of a heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) from the femoral artery of a cat          下载免费PDF全文

Maureen S. Oldach  Catherine T. Gunther‐Harrington  Ingrid M. Balsa  Ehren M. McLarty  Kyle A. Wakeman  Kathryn L. Phillips  Juhana Honkavaara  Lance C. Visser  Joshua A. Stern 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(2):792-796

A cat was evaluated for an acute‐onset of right pelvic limb paresis. Thoracic radiographs revealed normal cardiac size and tortuous pulmonary arteries. Abdominal ultrasound identified a heartworm (HW) extending from the caudal abdominal aorta into the right external iliac artery and right femoral artery. The cat was HW‐antigen positive. Echocardiography revealed a HW within the right branch of the main pulmonary artery and evidence of pulmonary hypertension. An agitated‐saline contrast echocardiogram revealed a small right to left intracardiac shunt at the level of the atria. Surgical removal of the HW was performed with no substantial postoperative complications. There was return of blood flow and improved motor function to the limb. The cat remains mildly paretic on the affected limb with no other clinical signs.  相似文献   

Comparing dermoscopy and histological examination of normal equine skin          下载免费PDF全文

Lara M. Tomich  Jason B. Pieper  Adam W. Stern 《Veterinary dermatology》2018,29(2):170-e63

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Effects of 0.5% Timolol Maleate Ophthalmic Solution on Heart Rate and Selected Echocardiographic Indices in Apparently Healthy Cats          下载免费PDF全文

C.T. Gunther‐Harrington  E.S. Ontiveros  T.E. Hodge  L.C. Visser  J.A. Stern 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(3):733-740

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Letter to the Editor          下载免费PDF全文

L.C. Visser DVM  MS  DACVIM  M.K. Im DVM  L.R. Johnson DVM  MS  PhD  DACVIM  J.A. Stern DVM  PhD  DACVIM 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(4):926-926

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Diagnostic accuracy of electrocardiography and thoracic radiography in the assessment of left atrial size in cats: comparison with transthoracic 2-dimensional echocardiography     

Schober KE  Maerz I  Ludewig E  Stern JA 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(4):709-718

BACKGROUND: Left atrial (LA) enlargement (LAE) is a morphologic expression of the severity and chronicity of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction, volume overload, and increased atrial pressure and has diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic importance in cats. The noninvasive gold standard for assessing LA size is 2-dimensional echocardiography (2DE). HYPOTHESIS: ECG and thoracic radiography may be used to predict LAE in cats. ANIMALS: Twenty-one healthy control cats and 31 cats with cardiomyopathy were prospectively studied. METHODS: 2DE studies, including determination of the maximum LA dimension (LAD) and area (LAA), were performed prospectively in all cats and compared to the assessment of LA size based on thoracic radiography and indices obtained from a 6-lead ECG. Results obtained from healthy cats were used to generate discrimination limits suggestive of LAE as defined by LAD > 1.57 cm and LAA > 2.75 cm2. RESULTS: In cats with LAE, P wave duration and PR interval were prolonged and radiographic LA vertebral heart size (LA-VHS) was increased (P < .05). P wave-related indices had low sensitivity (Se; range, 0.12 to 0.60) but high specificity (Sp; range, 0.81 to 1.00) for the prediction of LAE. Radiographic indices had low Se (range, 0.28 to 0.72) and high Sp (range, 0.74 to 0.95) for the prediction of LAE. Correlation analyses identified correlations between LAA and P wave duration (r = 0.47, P = .003) and LAD and LA-VHS (r = 0.70, P < .001). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: ECG and thoracic radiography are reasonably specific but less sensitive predictors of LAE in cats.  相似文献   

Evaluation of persistence of terbinafine in the hair of normal cats after 14 days of daily therapy     

Foust AL  Marsella R  Akucewich LH  Kunkle G  Stern A  Moattari S  Szabo NJ 《Veterinary dermatology》2007,18(4):246-251

This study determined the residual concentration of terbinafine in cat hair after 14 days of oral treatment. Ten clinically normal cats were administered terbinafine orally at a daily dose of 34-45.7 mg kg(-1) for a total of 14 days. Areas of 15 cm(2) were shaved on the lateral thorax at day 0 and weekly for 8 weeks after the last dose of terbinafine. The hair samples were analysed by high-pressure liquid chromatography to determine the persistence of terbinafine over time. The mean terbinafine concentration in hair was 2.30 ng mg(-1) after 14 days of therapy. The half life was 1.84 weeks after the last dose of terbinafine. With a 99% confidence interval, the concentration of terbinafine remained in the cat hair at or above 0.03 ng mg(-1) (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)(90) = 0.03 microg mL(-1)) for 5.3 weeks. Slight deviations in the complete blood cell count and serum chemistry values were not attributed to terbinafine. Four cats experienced vomiting during the terbinafine treatment; two of these cats also experienced intense facial pruritus followed by a macular to papular skin reaction 7-14 days after the discontinuation of terbinafine. In summary, terbinafine persists in hair at concentrations above the MIC for several weeks after stopping medication, even after short-term therapy (14 days). These results suggest that pulse therapy of terbinafine should be further researched and potentially considered as a treatment modality for feline dermatophytosis, an approach that would decrease treatment duration while maintaining effectiveness.  相似文献   

Retrospective evaluation of moderate‐to‐severe pulmonary hypertension in dogs naturally infected with Angiostrongylus vasorum          下载免费PDF全文

K. Borgeat  S. Sudunagunta  B. Kaye  J. Stern  V. Luis Fuentes  D. J. Connolly 《The Journal of small animal practice》2015,56(3):196-202

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Glia. Glee for glia. Introduction     

Stern P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6005):773

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An online operational alert system for the early detection of shrimp epidemics at the regional level based on real-time production   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bonny Bayot  Stanislaus Sonnenholzner  Xavier Ochoa  Johanna Guerrerro  Teresa Vera  Jorge Caldern  Ignacio de Blas  María del Pilar Cornejo-Grunauer  Sam Stern  Frans Ollevier 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2008,277(3-4):164-173

Diseases are among the greatest threats affecting the sustainability of shrimp aquaculture. In Ecuador, diseases of cultured shrimp have been quickly transmitted from one region to another. Therefore, an early detection system of impending epidemics could serve as an important management tool for the aquaculture sector. We developed a system for the early detection of shrimp epidemics for the largest shrimp zone of Ecuador based on production surveillance. The system, called Epidemiological Alert System and Aquaculture Management (SAEMA), uses a geographical information system (GIS) with an imaginary grid cartography (12,860 ha per grid) dividing the study area. A production and management index is calculated with the harvest data of each pond. A standardized deviation around the historical averages and an alert level is calculated per grid and month. Normal conditions of production and therefore the absence of disease are depicted in green and yellow. While, orange and red colours express a disease warning manifested through suboptimal production levels. As a result, a map of the study area with grid divisions is displayed, with a specific alert colour for each grid where information is available. SAEMA was developed as a Web application (http://www.saema.espol.edu.ec) that enables producers to record data via a worksheet format using any web browser. Instantaneously, the applications perform a calculation of the alert index and provide feedback to the alert levels displayed in an interactive map. A feedback process was initiated in May 2006 with 19 participating shrimp farms. The objective of this research is to develop a platform for an early detection of shrimp epidemics on a regional scale. The detection of an epidemic, expressed as suboptimal production in a specific region, can provide producers from other zones and government authorities to engage in time preventive and control measures in order to reduce the spread of diseases.  相似文献