Evaluation of the fermentation dynamics of soluble crude protein from three protein sources in continuous culture fermenters     

Bach A  Ruiz Moreno M  Thrune M  Stern MD 《Journal of animal science》2008,86(6):1364-1371

Eight dual-flow continuous culture fermenters (1.03 +/- 0.05 L) were used to assess differences in microbial degradation of the soluble CP fraction of canola meal (CMSCP), soybean meal (SBMSCP), and fish meal (FMSCP) using a completely randomized design with two 9-d experimental periods and a solution of tryptone as a control treatment (control). All fermenters received the same basal diet (58% ground corn, 40% canary grass hay, 0.4% vitamin-mineral premix, 1% CaCO(3), 0.6% salt on a DM basis) in 8 equal portions daily. During sampling on the last 3 d of each period, 90-mL doses containing soluble CP were infused into the fermenters 30 min after the beginning of the first and last feedings of the day. The total amount of soluble CP supplied by the infusions of FMSCP, CMSCP, and SBMSCP was 3.2 g/d, representing 24% of the daily dietary CP intake. Infusion of FMSCP resulted in the greatest (P < 0.05) NH(3)-N concentration (4.6 +/- 0.40 mg/dL) compared with the other treatments (0.5 +/- 0.40 mg/dL). Microbial N flow (g/d) from the fermenters was also greatest (P < 0.05) with FMSCP (1.42 +/- 0.062) compared with the other soluble CP fractions (1.08 +/- 0.062). The efficiency of microbial protein synthesis tended to be lowest with the control diet, and the efficiency of N utilization was lowest with FMSCP treatment. These results indicate that N was limiting microbial growth in the control diet, and there was more rumen-available N with the FMSCP diet compared with the other dietary treatments. The extent of degradation of the soluble CP fraction from fish meal, soybean meal, and canola meal was determined to be 99, 30, and 37% of soluble CP, respectively. These results indicate that the soluble CP fraction is not 100% degraded in all feeds and that assuming a high degradation extent of the soluble CP fraction from soybean meal and canola meal may result in an underestimation of the supply of undegradable protein from these protein sources.  相似文献   

Economics. Climate change: risk, ethics, and the Stern Review     

Stern N  Taylor C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5835):203-204

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EQUIPMENT NEWS     

Stern J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1957,125(3258):1166

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Equipment     

Stern J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1959,129(3348):579

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EQUIPMENT NEWS     

Stern J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1957,126(3274):625-626

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Transcriptional maps of 10 human chromosomes at 5-nucleotide resolution     

Cheng J  Kapranov P  Drenkow J  Dike S  Brubaker S  Patel S  Long J  Stern D  Tammana H  Helt G  Sementchenko V  Piccolboni A  Bekiranov S  Bailey DK  Ganesh M  Ghosh S  Bell I  Gerhard DS  Gingeras TR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,308(5725):1149-1154

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Coupling and entangling of quantum states in quantum dot molecules     

Bayer M  Hawrylak P  Hinzer K  Fafard S  Korkusinski M  Wasilewski ZR  Stern O  Forchel A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,291(5503):451-453

We demonstrate coupling and entangling of quantum states in a pair of vertically aligned, self-assembled quantum dots by studying the emission of an interacting electron-hole pair (exciton) in a single dot molecule as a function of the separation between the dots. An interaction-induced energy splitting of the exciton is observed that exceeds 30 millielectron volts for a dot layer separation of 4 nanometers. The results are interpreted by mapping the tunneling of a particle in a double dot to the problem of a single spin. The electron-hole complex is shown to be equivalent to entangled states of two interacting spins.  相似文献   

Equipment     

Stern J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1958,127(3303):891-892

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Performance of ‘Coscia’ pear (Pyrus communis) on nine rootstocks in the north of Israel     

Raphael A. Stern  Israel Doron 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

The vegetative and reproductive performances of ‘Coscia’ pear (Pyrus communis L.) grown on nine rootstocks [OHF 69, OHF 97, OHF 217, OHF 333, OHF 513 and BP 1 (P. communis), clonal seedling (Davis AxB) of Pyrus betulifolia and quince BA 29 and EMA (Cydonia oblonga)] were compared during a 9-year period. The trial was conducted at the Experimental Station ‘Avnei Eitan’ in northern Israel (elevation 400 m above sea level, a.s.l.), on a well-drained soil with pH 7.1. Trees were planted in December 1998, spaced at 4.0 m × 2.0 m and trained with a central axis. The most vigorous trees were on P. betulifolia seedlings, followed by the four OHF rootstock (69, 97, 333, 513) and BP 1 (with no significant difference between them). All the above rootstocks demonstrated greater vigor than OHF 217 and quince BA 29 or EMA. The highest cumulative yields per tree were harvested from trees on the four OHF rootstocks (69, 97, 333, 513) and P. betulifolia followed by the BP 1. The two quince rootstocks, as well as OHF 217, had the lowest cumulative yield and the lowest yield of large fruit. A positive correlation was found between the vigor of the tree, as affected by the rootstock, and both the total yield and the fruit size. We conclude that in a warm climate, yield efficiency is not the only parameter that should be taken into account, and building a strong tree for a weak cultivar is the first requirement for establishing an orchard.  相似文献   

Space,Field, and Ether in Contemporary Physics     

Stern AW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1952,116(3019):493-496

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