Pre-exposure to infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus or to inactivated white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) confers protection against WSSV in Penaeus vannamei (Boone) post-larvae     

Melena J  Bayot B  Betancourt I  Amano Y  Panchana F  Alday V  Calderón J  Stern S  Roch P  Bonami JR 《Journal of fish diseases》2006,29(10):589-600

Larvae and post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei (Boone) were submitted to primary challenge with infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) or formalin-inactivated white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Survival rate and viral load were evaluated after secondary per os challenge with WSSV at post-larval stage 45 (PL45). Only shrimp treated with inactivated WSSV at PL35 or with IHHNV infection at nauplius 5, zoea 1 and PL22 were alive (4.7% and 4%, respectively) at 10 days post-infection (p.i.). Moreover, at 9 days p.i. there was 100% mortality in all remaining treatments, while there was 94% mortality in shrimp treated with inactivated WSSV at PL35 and 95% mortality in shrimp previously treated with IHHNV at N5, Z1 and PL22. Based on viral genome copy quantification by real-time PCR, surviving shrimp previously challenged with IHHNV at PL22 contained the lowest load of WSSV (0-1x10(3) copies microg-1 of DNA). In addition, surviving shrimp previously exposed to inactivated WSSV at PL35 also contained few WSSV (0-2x10(3) copies microg-1 of DNA). Consequently, pre-exposure to either IHHNV or inactivated WSSV resulted in slower WSSV replication and delayed mortality. This evidence suggests a protective role of IHHNV as an interfering virus, while protection obtained by inactivated WSSV might result from non-specific antiviral immune response.  相似文献   

Low and high-level visual feature-based apple detection from multi-modal images   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J. P. Wachs  H. I. Stern  T. Burks  V. Alchanatis 《Precision Agriculture》2010,11(6):717-735

Automated harvesting requires accurate detection and recognition of the fruit within a tree canopy in real-time in uncontrolled environments. However, occlusion, variable illumination, variable appearance and texture make this task a complex challenge. Our research discusses the development of a machine vision system, capable of recognizing occluded green apples within a tree canopy. This involves the detection of “green” apples within scenes of “green leaves”, shadow patterns, branches and other objects found in natural tree canopies. The system uses both thermal infra-red and color image modalities in order to achieve improved performance. Maximization of mutual information is used to find the optimal registration parameters between images from the two modalities. We use two approaches for apple detection based on low and high-level visual features. High-level features are global attributes captured by image processing operations, while low-level features are strong responses to primitive parts-based filters (such as Haar wavelets). These features are then applied separately to color and thermal infra-red images to detect apples from the background. These two approaches are compared and it is shown that the low-level feature-based approach is superior (74% recognition accuracy) over the high-level visual feature approach (53.16% recognition accuracy). Finally, a voting scheme is used to improve the detection results, which drops the false alarms with little effect on the recognition rate. The resulting classifiers acting independently can partially recognize the on-tree apples, however, when combined the recognition accuracy is increased.  相似文献   

Syrian pear (Pyrus syriaca) as a pollinator for European pear (Pyrus communis) cultivars     

Annat H. Zisovich  Amir Raz  Raphael A. Stern  Martin Goldway 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

In Israel four European pear cultivars are grown: ‘Spadona’ is the main cultivar and ‘Coscia’, ‘Gentile’ and ‘Spadochina’ are its pollinators. However, molecular S-genotyping revealed that ‘Spadona’ is semi-compatible with its three pollinators. This explains, at least in part, the relatively low pear yield in Israel. The Syrian pear (Pyrus syriaca) grows wild in Israel and blooms intensively, overlapping the blooming of the cultivated European pears. Cross-fertilization between Syrian pear and ‘Spadona’ was shown to be efficient suggesting that Syrian pear might be a potent pollinator for ‘Spadona’. Twenty-six Syrian pear seedlings, from different sites in north-east Israel were S-genotyped identifying 11 that are fully compatible with the four European pear varieties cultivated in Israel. By this screening, 24 different S-RNases were cloned; ten of them are new, whereas the other fourteen had been identified previously. In addition, seedlings of two wild pear species were also S-genotyped. Two seedlings from Pyrus betulifolia and one from Pyrus korshinskii were found to be genetically compatible with the four European pear cultivars. From these seedlings four S-RNases were cloned, two are new, one had been cloned previously and one was identical to an S-RNase allele cloned from Syrian pear in this work.  相似文献   

Cutaneous and systemic blastomycosis, hypercalcemia, and excess synthesis of calcitriol in a domestic shorthair cat     

Stern JA  Chew DJ  Schissler JR  Green EM 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2011,47(6):e116-e120

A 9 yr old domestic shorthair cat was diagnosed with cutaneous and pulmonic blastomycosis. Severe persistent ionized hypercalcemia and excess circulating concentration of calcitriol were documented in association with blastomycosis. Ionized hypercalcemia resolved when the granulomatous lesions of blastomycosis resolved and the calcitriol levels decreased.  相似文献   

What is your diagnosis? Peripheral blood smear and splenic fine-needle aspirate from a cat     

Francisco de Oliveira Conrado  Jere K. Stern  Francesca C. Griffin 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2020,49(2):367-370

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Renumbering the S-RNase alleles of European pears (Pyrus communis L.) and cloning the S109 RNase allele     

Martin Goldway  Takashi Takasaki-Yasuda  Javier Sanzol  Mariana Mota  Annat Zisovich  Raphael A. Stern  Silviero Sansavini 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

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Book reviews     

Edward N Ziegler  G. F. Humphrey  Arthur C. Stern  Clarence G. Golueke  Elmer Robinson  T. Viraraghavan 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1979,11(3):401-405

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The influence of physical and environmental variables on the in vitro attachment of Salmonella typhimurium to the ceca of chickens     

F McHan  N A Cox  J S Bailey  L C Blankenship  N J Stern 《Avian diseases》1988,32(2):215-219

This investigation was designed to study the effect of exposure time, pH, age of bird, and native intestinal microflora on the in vitro attachment of Salmonella typhimurium to the ceca of chickens. Ceca were surgically removed from chickens immediately after euthanasia, and the interiors were exposed to S. typhimurium as intact ceca with contents, intact ceca rinsed free of contents, or inverted rinsed ceca. Attachment of S. typhimurium was slightly higher in washed than in unwashed ceca. Neither pH nor age of chicks affected attachment of the organism to ceca. There was no difference in attachment of salmonellae to inverted washed ceca after 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 min exposure, but a one log difference was noted between 10 min and 30 sec.  相似文献   

Platelet Activation and Clopidogrel Effects on ADP‐Induced Platelet Activation in Cats with or without the A31P Mutation in MYBPC3          下载免费PDF全文

R.H.L. Li  J.A. Stern  V. Ho  S.P. Harris 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(5):1619-1629

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S-RNase based S-genotyping of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) and its implication on the assortment of cultivar-couples in the orchard     

Gal Sapir  Raphael A. Stern  Sharoni Shafir  Martin Goldway 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008

Determination of the genetic compatibility between self-incompatible cultivars is crucial in agriculture. The Rosaceae family carries the S-RNase-mediated gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system. Each haplotype is conferred by an S-locus. The S-locus contains two highly polymorphic genes, S-RNase and SFB, which are characteristic of each haplotype and therefore these genes are ideal markers for molecular S-genotyping. In this study 43 Japanese plum cultivars grown in Israel were S-genotyped based on their S-RNase gene sequences. Four alleles, S^b, S^c, S^e and S^h are widespread and together are responsible for 87% of the S-haplotypes therefore many of the cultivar combinations are semi-compatible. In Israel semi-compatibility was shown to correlate with low yield. However, two cultivars, ‘Wickson’ S^fS^k and ‘Shiro’ S^fS^g carry rare S-haplotypes and, therefore, are fully compatible with most of the analyzed cultivars.  相似文献