Dystocia in Friesian mares: Prevalence,causes and outcome following caesarean section     

A. Maaskant  C. M. De Bruijn  A. H. Schutrups  T. A. E. Stout 《Equine Veterinary Education》2010,22(4):190-195

Friesian horses appear to suffer a relatively high incidence of dystocia but there are, to the authors' knowledge, no published reports on the incidence or types of dystocia in Friesian horses. A retrospective survey of clinical details and post treatment recovery was performed for 66 mares referred to Wolvega Equine Hospital for dystocia during 2001–2006. Friesian mares appear to be particularly prone to dystocia due to fetal ankylosis or transverse presentation. However, despite dystocia of relatively long duration prior to caesarean section, post operative survival and fertility of mares and, more surprisingly, survival of foals were similar to those reported in surveys for other breeds.  相似文献   

Validation of noninvasive blood pressure equipment: which peripheral artery is best for comparison studies in dogs?     

Anderson F. da Cunha  Sara J. Ramos  Michelle Domingues  Amanda Shelby  Hugues Beaufrère  Rhett Stout  Mark J. Acierno 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(5):1068-1075

Objectives

1) To determine which peripheral artery commonly used for invasive arterial blood pressure (IBP) monitoring yields the least bias when compared with noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) values obtained at the antebrachium of the dog, and 2) to identify and describe differences in systolic (SAP), mean (MAP) and diastolic arterial pressures (DAP) among different anatomical locations.

Study design

Prospective experimental study.

Animals

Twenty adult hound dogs weighing 24.5 ± 1.1 kg (mean ± standard deviation).

Methods

Four peripheral arteries—dorsal pedal, median caudal, intermediate auricular and superficial palmar arteries—were catheterized with 20 gauge, 3.8 cm catheters. One NIBP cuff was placed in the middle third of the antebrachium. Four sets of IBP and NIBP measurements were simultaneously collected every 2 minutes. A linear mixed model was performed to analyze the collected data.

Results

IBP values varied depending on the arterial catheterization site. The difference was greater for SAP. NIBP measured at the antebrachium had the best agreement with IBP measured at the median caudal artery.

Conclusion and clinical relevance

IBP varies among anatomical locations. The smallest bias and narrowest limits of agreement were obtained at the median caudal artery, providing the best overall agreement with the equipment studied. The median caudal artery may be the preferable anatomical location for clinical comparison studies between IBP and NIBP in dogs when the cuff is on the antebrachium.  相似文献   

A three-year study of viable airborne fungi in the North Carolina Zoological Park R.J.R. Nabisco Rocky Coast Alcid Exhibit.     

T G Faucette  M Loomis  K Reininger  D Zombeck  H Stout  C Porter  M J Dykstra 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》1999,30(1):44-53

Aspergillosis is a common cause of mortality in captive birds, particularly in recently imported birds or captive chicks and their parents. Use of the Andersen N-6 single-stage viable air sampler in the North Carolina Zoological Park (NCZP) R.J.R. Nabisco Rocky Coast Alcid Exhibit before and after the introduction of birds allowed a unique study of the mycological content of the air in a developing self-contained ecosystem. The Alcid Exhibit had a median count of 17 colony-forming-units (CFU)/m3 of air in comparison to 200-500 CFU/m3 and 1,000-3,500 CFU/m3 reported in human dwellings and the NCZP R.J. Reynolds Forest Aviary, respectively. Cladosporium and Penicillium represented 21.3% and Aspergillus 1.08% of the fungi collected. During the study, no respiratory mycoses were reported in any of the alcids. Continuous high-efficiency particulate air filtration, maintenance of low exhibit air temperatures, and an environment with little residual organic material capable of supporting fungal growth were important factors contributing to low colony counts. All colony counts >100 CFU/m3 in the exhibit were related to the apparent introduction of fungi from outside the facility. A reduction in the number of fungi transported from an external source into enclosed cool-temperature aviaries may be sufficient to avoid outbreaks of aspergillosis.  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal variation in foodscapes modifies deer browsing impact on vegetation     

Alejandro A. Royo  David W. Kramer  Karl V. Miller  Nathan P. Nibbelink  Susan L. Stout 《Landscape Ecology》2017,32(12):2281-2295

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Foreword     

T.A.E. Stout 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

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Clinical insights: Assisted reproductive techniques: More than a solution to subfertility?     

Tom A. E. Stout  Huw Griffiths 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(6):1084-1087

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Cryopreservation of equine embryos: current state-of-the-art     

Stout TA 《Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene》2012,47(Z3):84-89

During the past 15 years, embryo transfer (ET) has become increasingly widespread within the sport-horse breeding industry. At present, however, the vast majority (>95%) of horse embryos are transferred fresh or after chilled storage for up to 24 h, whereas cryopreservation is rarely employed despite its obvious potential for simplifying recipient mare management and facilitating long-term storage and international transport of embryos. A number of inter-related factors have contributed to the slow development and implementation of equine embryo cryopreservation, and these include the following: (i) the absence of commercially available products for reliably stimulating superovulation; (ii) very poor pregnancy rates following cryopreservation of embryos >300 μm in diameter; (iii) difficulty in recovering embryos at early developmental stages amenable to cryopreservation; and (iv) interembryo variation in susceptibility to cryodamage. However, acceptable success rates (>55% pregnancy) have been reported for both slow-frozen and vitrified small embryos (<300 μm), and there is renewed interest in cryopreservation, not only in the context of standard ET programmes, but also because it would facilitate pre-implantation genetic testing and allow wider access to techniques for producing embryos in vitro, such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection and nuclear transfer. This article will review the current status of equine embryo cryopreservation.  相似文献   

Rates and pathways of mineral nitrogen transformation in a soil from pastures     

J.D. Stout  A.D. Bawden  D.C. Coleman 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1984,16(2):127-131

Short-term metabolic activities, including ammonincation, nitrification, denitrification and the release of CO₂, with and without added substrate, and most probable numbers of ammonifiers, nitrifiers and denitrifiers were measured on stored topsoil from pasture over 140 days in the absence of growing plants. Parallel samples of irradiated and untreated soil were examined. Release of mineral-N, chiefly as NH⁺₄N, was greater from the irradiated soil. In the untreated soil there was a slight increase in NO₃^?N. Microorganisms (estimated by MPN method) and microbial respiration in the untreated soil increased, and then diminished with time.The release of ¹³N₂O and ¹³N₂ was measured from intact soil cores amended with ¹³NO₃^?N and ¹³NH⁺₄N. The principal product from the treated soil when ¹³NO₃^?N was added was ¹³N₂, with little ¹³N₂O, whereas the irradiated soil evolved both ¹³N₂ and ¹³N₂O. Similarly, the irradiated soil continuously evolved ¹³N₂O from ¹³NH⁺₄N in contrast to the untreated soil.  相似文献   

Factors affecting the likelihood of pregnancy and embryonic loss after transfer of cryopreserved in vitro produced equine embryos     

A. Claes  J. Cuervo-Arango  J. van den Broek  C. Galli  S. Colleoni  G. Lazzari  C. Deelen  M. Beitsma  T. A. Stout 《Equine veterinary journal》2019,51(4):446-450

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Single‐stage reconstruction of third‐degree perineal lacerations in horses under general anesthesia: Utrecht repair method     

Sjoerd K. Frietman  Ellen Compagnie  Tom A. E. Stout  F. Herman Jonker  Frerik ter Braake 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2019,48(7):1299-1308

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