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TM El‐sherry MA Abdel‐Ghani NS Abou‐Khalil M Elsayed M Abdelgawad 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(5):781-790
The aim of the present research is to study the effect of pH values on the sperm rheotaxis properties. Semen collected from bulls was diluted with SOF medium (1:10). pH of the medium was adjusted using a digital pH meter to the following pH values: 6.0, 6.2, 6.4, 6.4, 6.8, 7.0. All kinetic parameters of sperm (n = 3,385) were determined through a computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system using microfluidic devices with controlled flow velocity. The following parameters were determined: total motility (TM%), positive rheotaxis (PR%), straightline velocity (VSL, μm/s), average path velocity (VAP, μm/s), linearity (LIN, as VSL/VCL, %), beat cross‐frequency (BCF, Hz) and curvilinear velocity (VCL, μm/s). Nitric oxide, calcium and potassium were estimated in semen at different pH values. To confirm the effect of nitric oxide and K+, we used sodium nitroprusside (an NO donor) and KCL as (a K+ donor) to see their effect on sperm PR%. The results showed no difference in TM% at pH (6–7). The PR% was the lowest at pH 6 and 7. The best parameters for the PR% were at pH 6.4–6.6. The concentration of Ca+2 did not change at different pH values. The mean NO values decreased with the increase of pH; however, the mean values of K+ increased with the increase of pH. Addition of high concentration of NO and K+ to the semen media at fixed pH level had a negative effect on TM% and PR%. In conclusion, the bull sperm had the best rheotaxis properties at pH 6.4–6.6 and sensitive to the change of seminal NO and K+. 相似文献
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An unusual outbreak of contagious ovine ecthyma 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
CD HAWKINS TM ELLIS MK DAVIES RL PEET J. PARKINSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(6):210-211
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Use of enzyme-linked immunoassays for antibody to types C and D botulinum toxins for investigations of botulism in cattle 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The development of specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for antibody to types C and D Clostridium botulinum toxins for investigation of botulism in cattle is described. Partially purified type C and D toxins were used as antigens to develop these ELISAs. Specificity of the ELISAs was evaluated on sera from 333 adult beef and dairy cattle from areas with no history or evidence of botulism in animals or water birds. The test was also evaluated on sera from 41 herds that included herds vaccinated against botulism, confirmed botulism cases and herds from areas where the disease is considered endemic. The ELISAs detected the presence of antibody to botulinum toxins in samples from vaccinated cattle and both convalescent and clinically normal animals from unvaccinated herds with outbreaks of botulism. Antibody was also found in unvaccinated animals from herds in which there had been no diagnosed botulism cases in areas where botulism was considered endemic. Sera from some unvaccinated cattle with high ELISA reactivity was shown to be protective for mice in botulinum toxin neutralisation tests. The use of these tests in investigations of botulism in cattle is discussed. 相似文献
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BC Hosking TM Griffiths RG Woodgate RB Besier AS Le Feuvre P Nilon C Trengove KJ Vanhoff BG Kaye-Smith W Seewald 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(11):455-462
Objective To determine the efficacy of monepantel, a developmental compound from the amino-acetonitrile derivative class of anthelmintics, against field infections of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep.
Procedures Comparisons of efficacy (using standard faecal worm egg count reduction tests) and safety (on the basis of visual observations) were made in a large-scale field study in Australia, between groups of sheep treated with either an oral solution of monepantel or a registered anthelmintic. The sheep were naturally infected with the major gastrointestinal nematode genera present in Australia.
Results The post-treatment efficacy results for monepantel were: at 7 days (±1 day) efficacy was >98%; at 14 days (±1 day) it was generally close to or >99%; and at 21 days (±1 day) efficacy was consistently >99%. A high proportion of the targeted nematode populations were confirmed as being resistant to one or more of the currently available anthelmintic classes.
Conclusions Monepantel when used under field conditions at a minimum dose rate of 2.5 mg/kg was highly effective against mixed-genus natural field infections of the major gastrointestinal nematode genera including Haemonchus , Teladorsagia ( Ostertagia ), Trichostrongylus , Nematodirus , Chabertia and Oesophagostomum . This result included efficacy against some populations resistant to the currently available broad-spectrum anthelmintics. Few Cooperia spp. were present to allow confirmation of efficacy against this genus. On no occasion after treatment did any commercial anthelmintic-treated groups have significantly lower faecal egg counts than the monepantel-treated groups. Monepantel was safe for the target animals and human operators when used in a field situation. 相似文献
Procedures Comparisons of efficacy (using standard faecal worm egg count reduction tests) and safety (on the basis of visual observations) were made in a large-scale field study in Australia, between groups of sheep treated with either an oral solution of monepantel or a registered anthelmintic. The sheep were naturally infected with the major gastrointestinal nematode genera present in Australia.
Results The post-treatment efficacy results for monepantel were: at 7 days (±1 day) efficacy was >98%; at 14 days (±1 day) it was generally close to or >99%; and at 21 days (±1 day) efficacy was consistently >99%. A high proportion of the targeted nematode populations were confirmed as being resistant to one or more of the currently available anthelmintic classes.
Conclusions Monepantel when used under field conditions at a minimum dose rate of 2.5 mg/kg was highly effective against mixed-genus natural field infections of the major gastrointestinal nematode genera including Haemonchus , Teladorsagia ( Ostertagia ), Trichostrongylus , Nematodirus , Chabertia and Oesophagostomum . This result included efficacy against some populations resistant to the currently available broad-spectrum anthelmintics. Few Cooperia spp. were present to allow confirmation of efficacy against this genus. On no occasion after treatment did any commercial anthelmintic-treated groups have significantly lower faecal egg counts than the monepantel-treated groups. Monepantel was safe for the target animals and human operators when used in a field situation. 相似文献
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Induced sero-conversion in heifers with a field strain of bovine pestivirus–a comparison of methods and doses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Losses from pestivirus infection in a closed herd of cattle occurred over several years. In order to prevent further losses, controlled exposure of non-pregnant heifers to pestivirus from viraemic carrier animals was undertaken. Two initial experiments were conducted using either intra-nasal EDTA blood or field contact. Subsequently, other yearling heifers were inoculated with various dilutions of serum using subcutaneous, conjunctival and intra-nasal routes. Effective doses were determined. Neither inoculation nor contact infection produced any clinical illness. The highest dilutions of serum at which sero-conversion occurred were conjunctival, undiluted; intranasal, 10(-1) and subcutaneous 10(-5). With the subcutaneous route all heifers sero-converted at 10(-3). The results for the subcutaneous inoculations showed that the 50% infectious dose for cattle was not distinguishable from that determined in cell culture. Inoculation with a field strain of pestivirus in freeze-thawed serum has effectively and safely induced sero-conversion in heifers. Inoculation of all cattle at risk is considered necessary because no secondary transmission from inoculated heifers was observed. 相似文献
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Interactions between plots of spring barley which were either unsprayed, or sprayed with triadi mefon or tridemorph to control powdery mildew ( Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei ) were measured in experiments of balanced design in 1978 and 1979. The average amounts of mildew in untreated plots with triadimefon-reated neighbours on the predominaotly up-wind side were usually less than half those in untreated plots with tridemorph-treated neighbours on the up-wind side. Triadiniefon-treated plots had most effect on the adjacent sides of their untreated neighbours but there was evidence that their influence extended across the whole widths of these neighbouring plots. Amounts of mildew in tridemorph-treated plots were increased by untreated neighbours.
Differences in amounts of disease between these plots of spring barley with differently treated neighbours had no significant effects on grain yield. However, in a rando'mized block experiment with spring wheat in 1975 there was evidence that similar inter-plot interactions caused consider able bias in the yield data. Possible causes of the observed effects are discussed. 相似文献
Differences in amounts of disease between these plots of spring barley with differently treated neighbours had no significant effects on grain yield. However, in a rando'mized block experiment with spring wheat in 1975 there was evidence that similar inter-plot interactions caused consider able bias in the yield data. Possible causes of the observed effects are discussed. 相似文献