Assessing the degree of flood damage to rice crops in the Chao Phraya delta,Thailand, using MODIS satellite imaging     

Akihiko Kotera  Takanori Nagano  Patinya Hanittinan  Sucharit Koontanakulvong 《Paddy and Water Environment》2016,14(1):271-280

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Impact of Bacillus cereus NRKT on grape ripe rot disease through resveratrol synthesis in berry skin          下载免费PDF全文

Takanori Aoki  Yoshinao Aoki  Shiho Ishiai  Misa Otoguro  Shunji Suzuki 《Pest management science》2017,73(1):174-180

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Myosin substitution rate is affected by the amount of cytosolic myosin in cultured muscle cells          下载免费PDF全文

Koichi Ojima  Emi Ichimura  Yuya Yasukawa  Mika Oe  Susumu Muroya  Takahiro Suzuki  Jun‐ichi Wakamatsu  Takanori Nishimura 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(11):1788-1793

In striated muscles, approximately 300 myosin molecules form a single thick filament in myofibrils. Each myosin is continuously displaced by another myosin to maintain the thick filament structure. Our previous study using a fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) technique showed that the myosin replacement rate is decreased by inhibition of protein synthesis, but myosin is still exchangeable. This result prompted us to examine whether myosin in the cytoplasm is involved in myosin replacement in myofibrils. To address this, FRAP was measured in green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐tagged myosin heavy chain 3 (Myh3) expressing myotubes that were treated with streptolysin‐O (SLO), which forms pores specifically in the plasma membrane to induce leakage of cytoplasmic proteins. Our biochemical data demonstrated that the cytoplasmic myosin content was reduced in SLO‐permeabilized semi‐intact myotubes. Furthermore, FRAP experiments showed a sluggish substitution rate of GFP‐Myh3 in SLO‐permeabilized myotubes. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the myosin substitution rate is significantly reduced by a decreased amount of myosin in the cytoplasm and that cytoplasmic myosin contributes to myosin replacement in myofibrils.  相似文献   

Transpiration and canopy conductance at two slope positions in a Japanese cedar forest watershed   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tomo&#x;omi Kumagai  Makiko Tateishi  Takanori Shimizu  Kyoichi Otsuki 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2008,148(10):1444-1455

Plant–soil system patterns and processes along a slope are among the greatest causes of uncertainty in estimating watershed-scale transpiration (E). Tree-to-tree and radial variations in xylem sap flux density (F_d), in addition to tree biometrics, were measured over a 2-year period (2005–2006) in two slope stand positions. The areas of interest consisted of an upper slope plot (UP) and a lower slope plot (LP) in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) forest watershed and the environmental controls of stand E for each plot were compared. Canopy stand E (E_C) and canopy stomatal conductance (G_C) in the UP were less than those in the LP during the growing season, while those in the UP were greater than those in the LP over winter. In addition, mean stand F_d (J_S) in the UP was greater than that in the LP over winter, but J_S values were similar in the UP and LP except in the winter, which allows us to extrapolate watershed-scale E based on J_S estimated from F_d measurements of a partial stand in the watershed. However, this relationship contains a bias and differed between 2005 and 2006. Although there were significant differences in soil moisture conditions between the UP and LP in both years, a systematic relationship between the similarity in J_S and soil moisture conditions was not found. The bias was due to a tendency for J_S in the LP to be greater than that in the UP in 2006. This tendency was amplified because J_S in the LP was greater than that in the UP around an atmospheric humidity deficit (D) of 1–1.5 kPa and frequencies of this D range were higher in 2006 than in 2005. The greater J_S in the LP at D  1–1.5 kPa could be explained by the difference in the response of G_C to D between the UP and LP. Our results suggest this to be the cause of the similarity in J_S values for the UP and LP and for the occasional abortion of its similarity. However, even when the bias or the occasional deviation is disregarded, the error in estimating stand E from a partial stand is so small that it is comparable to an F_d measurement error. For example, the error when using only the LP was 6.6% for stand E.  相似文献   

Regulation of adipocyte function by anthocyanins; possibility of preventing the metabolic syndrome   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tsuda T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(3):642-646

Obesity is defined as the accumulation of excess adipose tissue resulting from various metabolic disorders. Adipocyte dysfunction is strongly associated with the development of obesity and insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a group of metabolic risk factors in one person. Abdominal obesity and adipocyte dysfunction play an important role in the development of this syndrome. Anthocyanins are used as a food coloring, and they are widely distributed in human diets including berries, suggesting that large amounts of anthocyanins are ingested from plant-based foods. This study shows that anthocyanins have a significant potency of antiobesity and ameliorate adipocyte function in in vitro and in vivo systems and also that they have important implications for preventing metabolic syndrome.  相似文献   

Deformation under a repetition of moisturizing and drying of bamboo subjected to a set in bending     

Yukie Saito  Takanori Arima 《Journal of Wood Science》2002,48(2):114-118

The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms of deformation change of bamboo set during bending with repeated moisturizing and drying. Deformation was represented by the set ratio, defined as the camber height normalized by the initial value of the fixed set. Susceptibility to deformation from moisture changes was estimated by the slope of the plot of the set ratio versus the moisture content. The set ratio decreased gradually during the repetition of moisturizing and drying, a property consistent with general wood materials. When the specimens were previously extracted in hot water, the set ratio increased but the slope did not change. On the other hand, a previous thermal treatment at more than 230°C or a set at less than 60°C affected both the set ratio and the slope: The set ratio decreased, and the slope increased. It is known that at 60°C hemicellulose starts to soften and at 230° C thermal degradation occurs. Thus, hemicellulose may play a role in the deformation properties of bamboo set during bending.Part of this report was presented at the 50th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, April 2000, Kyoto  相似文献   

Determination of the distribution and reaction of polysaccharides in wood cell walls by the isotope tracer technique VIII: Selective radiolabeling of xylan in mature cell walls of magnolia (Magnolia kobus DC.) and visualization of its distribution by microautoradiography     

Takanori Imai  Hideyuki Goto  Hiroyuki Matsumura  Seiichi Yasuda 《Journal of Wood Science》1999,45(2):164-169

To radiolabel xylan in mature cell walls selectively, magnolia (Magnolia kobus DC.) was administered withmyo-inositol-[2-³H] and allowed to metabolize for 1 month. The radiolabeled xylem tissue was then submitted to sulfuric acid hydrolysis and nitrobenzene oxidation. A large amount of radioactivity was found mainly in xylose, although slight activities were detected in glucose and in vanillin and syringaldehyde. The labeled tissue was submitted to a preparation of holocellulose followed by treatment with 24% potassium hydroxide (KOH). Radioactivity was distributed mainly in the KOH-soluble part of the holocellulose. These results indicate that most radioactivity was incorporated into xylan in the cell walls. The distribution of the incorporated radioactivity in the xylem tissue was visualized by microautoradiography. Radioactivities were distributed in the xylem more than 400 m from the cambium; and an inner layer of a secondary wall had formed at the labeled xylem. Consequently, selective radio-labeling of xylan was visualized in mature cell walls.Part of this report was presented at the 47th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kouchi, April 1997  相似文献   

In vitro reduction of manganese dioxide by a ferrireductase system from the white-rot fungus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phanerochaete sordida</Emphasis> YK-624     

Hirofumi?HiraiEmail author  Takanori?Itoh  Tomoaki?Nishida 《Journal of Wood Science》2003,49(6):538-542

Reduction of manganese dioxide is demonstrated for an in vitro ferrireductase system that includes NADPH-dependent ferrireductase and the iron-binding compound (IBC) isolated from the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete sordida YK-624. The Fe(II)–IBC complex was more effective in reducing manganese dioxide to Mn(II) than were complexes of Fe(II) and organic acids of low molecular weight such as nitrilotriacetate, although IBC also reduced manganese dioxide to Mn(II) in the absence of Fe(II). The generated Fe(III)–IBC complex was a better substrate for NADPH-dependent ferrireductase than were other ferric chelates, suggesting that the Fe(III)–IBC complex is reduced to an Fe(II) complex by NADPH-dependent ferrireductase. Moreover, production of the Fe(III)–IBC complex by the reduction of manganese dioxide in a reaction system containing Fe(II) and IBC was observed to be coupled to reduction of the Fe(III)–IBC complex by NADPH-dependent ferrireductase. These results indicate that the ferrireductase system of P. sordida YK-624 plays an important role in the reduction of manganese dioxide, which is necessary for the production and function of manganese peroxidase.  相似文献   

Fatigue life of structural plywood under two-stage panel shear load: a new cumulative fatigue damage theory     

Takanori Sugimoto  Yasutoshi Sasaki 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(3):211-217

The fatigue life of structural plywood under two-stage panel shear load was experimentally examined. Two experimental conditions were determined for two-stage fatigue of plywood specimen: one used variable applied stress and the other used variable stress, loading waveform, and loading frequency, because fatigue life of wood composite under constant load depended on loading waveform and loading frequency as well as stress level. The most famous cumulative fatigue damage theory is the Palmgren-Miner rule, which is the summation of the ratio of the applied loading cycle to the fatigue life under each loading stage. However, the applicability of this rule to the two-stage fatigue of wood composites has not been investigated. It was first demonstrated in this study that the fatigue life of the plywood specimen reached in the two-stage fatigue test did not obey the Palmgren-Miner rule. Here, we propose the new cumulative fatigue damage model by modification of the Palmgren-Miner rule on the basis of the assumption that fatigue damage accumulates with loading cycle on a logarithmic scale. The newly proposed model was in good agreement with the fatigue life reached in the two-stage fatigue test.  相似文献   

Induction of the biosynthesis of agatharesinol, a norlignan, in sapwood sticks of Cryptomeria japonica under humidity-regulated circumstances     

Takanori Imai  Masaki Nomura 《Journal of Wood Science》2005,51(5):537-541

To establish an experimental approach for studying the biosynthetic pathway of agatharesinol, a norlignan, induction of the formation of agatharesinol in Cryptomeria japonica (Japanese cedar, sugi) was attempted. Wood sticks were prepared from the sapwood immediately after cutting a sugi tree down, and they were allowed to stand in desiccators in which the humidity was adjusted to 76% and 88%, and in a room. When the wood sticks were allowed to stand in 76% humidity and in a room, they dried rapidly and no formation of agatharesinol was demonstrated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. These results suggest that in the sapwood dried rapidly, the cells that were biologically active in the sapwood, probably ray parenchyma cells, die rapidly and completely before the biosyntheses of secondary metabolites including agatharesinol was wholly established. The wood sticks allowed to stand in 88% humidity, on the other hand, dried gradually compared with the sticks placed in 76% humidity and in a room, and agatharesinol was formed as one of the predominant ethyl acetate extractives. These results suggest that delaying the drying of the sapwood sticks can control the dying period to an appropriate length for the ray parenchyma cells, during which the biosynthesis of agatharesinol is induced. Part of this study was presented at the 54th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Sapporo, August 2004  相似文献