Phylogenetic analysis of AGAMOUS sequences reveals the origin of the diploid and tetraploid forms of self-pollinating wild buckwheat,Fagopyrum homotropicum Ohnishi     

Mitsuyuki Tomiyoshi  Yasuo Yasui  Takanori Ohsako  Cheng-Yun Li  Ohmi Ohnishi 《Breeding Science》2012,62(3):241-247

Fagopyrum homotropicum Ohnishi is a self-pollinating wild buckwheat species indigenous to eastern Tibet and the Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces of China. It is useful breeding material for shifting cultivated buckwheat (F. esculentum ssp. esculentum Moench) from out-crossing to self-pollinating. Despite its importance as a genetic resource in buckwheat breeding, the genetic variation of F. homotropicum is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships of the diploid and tetraploid forms of F. homotropicum based on the nucleotide sequences of a nuclear gene, AGAMOUS (AG). Neighbor-joining analysis revealed that representative individuals clustered into three large groups (Group I, II and III). Each group contained diploid and tetraploid forms of F. homotropicum. We identified tetraploid plants that had two diverged AG sequences; one belonging to Group I and the other belonging to Group II, or one belonging to Group II and the other belonging to Group III. These results suggest that the tetraploid form originated from at least two hybridization events between deeply differentiated diploids. The results also imply that the genetic diversity contributed by tetraploidization of differentiated diploids may have allowed the distribution range of F. homotropicum to expand to the northern areas of China.  相似文献   

Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma with a Sarcomatoid Growth Pattern and Signet-Ring-Like Structure in a Female F344 Rat     

Aya Ohnuma-Koyama  Toshinori Yoshida  Naofumi Takahashi  Satoshi Akema  Yukiko Takeuchi-Kashimoto  Maki Kuwahara  Mika Nagaike  Kosei Inui  Nobuaki Nakashima  Takanori Harada 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2013,26(2):197-201

We report a biphasic malignant mesothelioma in an aged female F344/DuCrlCrlj rat. Macroscopically, multiple pale brown nodules were observed in the abdominal cavity with retention of bloody ascites. Histopathologically, the tumor cells spread over the peritoneum and formed masses on the surface and underlying adipose tissues. The tumor cells dominantly proliferated in a solid, nodular or nest-like pattern with modest amount of fibrillar connective tissues, which contained hyaluronan. The tumor consisted of ovoid, polygonal or spindle-shaped cells that possessed eosinophilic cytoplasms including glycogen; some tumor cells showed a signet-ring-like structure. Multinucleated cells and mitosis were found frequently, and direct invasion to intra-abdominal organs and intravascular metastasis to the liver were observed. Immunohistochemically, keratin and mesothelin were strongly positive in most of tumor cells, while vimentin was mainly positive in spindle-shaped cells. Podoplanin was also positive, particularly in the cell membrane of tumor cells. Electron microscopically, tumor cells showed an intercellular desmosome-like structure, basement membrane and microvillus. We diagnosed the case as a malignant peritoneal mesothelioma with a sarcomatoid growth pattern and signet-ring-like structure.  相似文献   

Eukaryotic communities associated with the decomposition of rice straw compost in a Japanese rice paddy field estimated by DGGE analysis     

Masashi?Hatamoto  Takanori?Tanahashi  Jun?Murase  Kazuo?Matsuya  Motoki?Hayashi  Makoto?Kimura  Susumu?AsakawaEmail author 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2008,44(3):527-532

To estimate the succession and phylogenetic composition of the eukaryotic communities responsible for the decomposition of rice straw compost under flooded conditions during the cultivation period of paddy rice, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis targeting 18S rDNA followed by sequencing was conducted in a Japanese paddy field. The eukaryotic communities in rice straw compost incorporated into the flooded paddy field were influenced by the mid-season drainage and mainly composed of fungi (Ascomycota, Zygomycota, and Chytridiomycota) and protozoa (Ciliophora, Euglyphida, and Dactylopodida), most of which existed continuously during the cultivation period of paddy rice. The results indicated that these eukaryotic members were associated with the decomposition of rice straw compost in paddy field soil directly or indirectly.  相似文献   

Structural mechanics of wood composite materials I: Ultrasonic evaluation of internal bond strength during an accelerated aging test     

Yu-Guo Sun  Takanori Arima 《Journal of Wood Science》1998,44(5):348-353

This research attempts to observe indirectly the variation of internal bond characteristics for wood composite materials during accelerated aging test treatment using ultrasonic pulse-transmission techniques. Particleboard (PB) and oriented strandboard (OSB) were the representative specimens. The transit time of the ultrasonic wave propagating through the samples along the nominal length and thickness directions was recorded using an apparatus called PUNDIT (C.N.S. Electronic, London). The transit times were measured in the samples under an oven-dried condition after treating them with boiling water at different treating time stages, and the velocity was then calculated based on the transit time. Examination of the internal bond strength conducted on the same samples was done according to JIS A 5908. A study of the relations among springback, internal bond strength, and velocity indicated that a high correlation existed between ultrasonic velocity measured in the length or thickness direction and the internal bond strength for the PB specimen, but no significant correlation was observed between the velocity measured in the length direction and the internal bond strength for the OSB specimen. The results of this research suggested that ultrasound techniques can be applied to predict or evaluate the internal bond state of some wood-composite materials made of relatively small particles, such as PB especially, during accelerated aging test treatment processes.Part of this paper was presented at the 47th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kochi, April 1997  相似文献   

A new primer for 16S rDNA analysis of microbial communities associated with <Emphasis Type="Italic">Porphyra yezoensis</Emphasis>     

Aki Namba  Yuya Shigenobu  Masahiro Kobayashi  Takanori Kobayashi  Ichiro Oohara 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(5):873-878

To construct high-quality 16S rDNA clone libraries for microbial communities associated with Porphyra yezoensis and to minimize the detection of rDNA from leafy gametophytes of P. yezoensis, we designed a new 16S rDNA universal primer (75F). Of the clones prepared using 75F, which was designed to distinguish between bacteria and P. yezoensis, 95% were classified into four groups, namely, β-proteobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Flavobacteria. PCR-based analysis of the 16S rDNA primer constructed in this study can be used to implement 16S rDNA-based methodologies for the investigation of microbial community composition and diversity related to the Porphyra group.  相似文献   

Entry Inhibition of Influenza Viruses with High Mannose Binding Lectin ESA-2 from the Red Alga Eucheuma serra through the Recognition of Viral Hemagglutinin     

Yuichiro Sato  Kinjiro Morimoto  Takanori Kubo  Takemasa Sakaguchi  Akira Nishizono  Makoto Hirayama  Kanji Hori 《Marine drugs》2015,13(6):3454-3465

Lectin sensitivity of the recent pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1-2009) was screened for 12 lectins with various carbohydrate specificity by a neutral red dye uptake assay with MDCK cells. Among them, a high mannose (HM)-binding anti-HIV lectin, ESA-2 from the red alga Eucheuma serra, showed the highest inhibition against infection with an EC₅₀ of 12.4 nM. Moreover, ESA-2 exhibited a wide range of antiviral spectrum against various influenza strains with EC₅₀s of pico molar to low nanomolar levels. Besides ESA-2, HM-binding plant lectin ConA, fucose-binding lectins such as fungal AOL from Aspergillus oryzae and AAL from Aleuria aurantia were active against H1N1-2009, but the potency of inhibition was of less magnitude compared with ESA-2. Direct interaction between ESA-2 and a viral envelope glycoprotein, hemagglutinin (HA), was demonstrated by ELISA assay. This interaction was effectively suppressed by glycoproteins bearing HM-glycans, indicating that ESA-2 binds to the HA of influenza virus through HM-glycans. Upon treatment with ESA-2, no viral antigens were detected in the host cells, indicating that ESA-2 inhibited the initial steps of virus entry into the cells. ESA-2 would thus be useful as a novel microbicide to prevent penetration of viruses such as HIV and influenza viruses to the host cells.  相似文献   

Formation of zinc protoporphyrin IX in Parma-like ham without nitrate or nitrite     

Jun-ichi WAKAMATSU  Juichi UEMURA  Hiroko ODAGIRI  Jun OKUI  Nobutaka HAYASHI  Shoji HIOKI  Takanori NISHIMURA  Akihito HATTORI 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(2):198-205

Zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZPP) is a characteristic red pigment in meat products that are manufactured without the addition of a curing agent such as nitrate or nitrite. To examine the effects of impurities such as mineral components in sea salt on the formation of ZPP, we manufactured Parmatype dry-cured hams that were salted with refined salt or sea salt and examined the involvement of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in the formation of ZPP. The content of ZPP was increased drastically after 40 weeks. Microscopic observation showed strong fluorescence caused by ZPP muscle fiber after 40 weeks. Conversely, heme content varied considerably during processing. ORP increased during processing. However, there was no obvious difference between ham salted with refined salt and that salted with sea salt. Therefore, it was concluded that impurities in sea salt were not involved in the formation of ZPP.  相似文献   

Naphthalene derivatives from Diospyros kaki     

Yasuyuki Matsushita  In-Cheol Jang  Takanori Imai  Kazuhiko Fukushima  Seung-Cheol Lee 《Journal of Wood Science》2010,56(5):418-421

A detailed chemical investigation of the extractives of the blackened heartwood of Diospyros kaki was carried out to understand their chemical characteristics and to obtain chemotaxonomic information. Three novel naphthalene derivatives were isolated, i.e., 4-hydroxy-5,6-dimethoxy-2-naphthaldehyde (1), 5,6,8-trimethoxy-3-methyl-1-naphthol (2), and 4,8-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-2-naphthaldehyde (3), in addition to two previously reported 2-naphthaldehydes: 4-hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxy-2-naphthaldehyde (4) and 4-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2-naphthaldehyde (5) Their structures were identified by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, as well as by high-resolution mass spectrometry.  相似文献   

Molecular typing and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis isolates from diseased pigs in Japan     

Asai T  Namimatsu T  Osumi T  Kojima A  Harada K  Aoki H  Sameshima T  Takahashi T 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2010,33(2):109-119

Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis (S. Choleraesuis) isolates derived from diseased pigs in Japan during 2001 and 2005 were analyzed for biotype, based on H(2)S production and dulcitol fermentation, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile, and antimicrobial resistance profile. S. Choleraesuis biotype Choleraesuis (biotype Choleraesuis) was classified into one genotype, while varietas Kunzendorf (var. Kunzendorf) was classified into two genotypes. The isolates of var. Kunzendorf belonging to one genotype were isolated in a limited area of Japan. Variation in the antimicrobial resistance pattern was observed in isolates of both biotypes Choleraesuis and var. Kunzendorf. We have also shown that the PFGE profile was associated with the biotype and isolation region of each isolate.  相似文献   

Spinal epidural empyema in a cat     

Noritaka Maeta  Teppei Kanda  Takanori Sasaki  Takehito Morita  Toshinori Furukawa 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2010,12(6):494-497

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