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31.
Isolation of Encephalitozoon cuniculi using primary tissue culture techniques from a rabbit in a colony showing encephalitozoonosis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Furuya K Fukui D Yamaguchi M Nakaoka Y Bando G Kosuge M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2001,63(2):203-206
Encephalitozoon spores were isolated in a primary tissue culture of the kidneys from an encephalitozoonosis-suspected rabbit in a municipal zoo in Hokkaido. The isolated spores were morphologically characteristic of microsporidial ones in chromotrope stain, and proven to be E. cuniculi by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a species-specific primer set and by direct DNA sequencing of the PCR products. 相似文献
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Waldo GL Ricks TK Hicks SN Cheever ML Kawano T Tsuboi K Wang X Montell C Kozasa T Sondek J Harden TK 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6006):974-980
Transmembrane signals initiated by a broad range of extracellular stimuli converge on nodes that regulate phospholipase C (PLC)-dependent inositol lipid hydrolysis for signal propagation. We describe how heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) activate PLC-βs and in turn are deactivated by these downstream effectors. The 2.7-angstrom structure of PLC-β3 bound to activated Gα(q) reveals a conserved module found within PLC-βs and other effectors optimized for rapid engagement of activated G proteins. The active site of PLC-β3 in the complex is occluded by an intramolecular plug that is likely removed upon G protein-dependent anchoring and orientation of the lipase at membrane surfaces. A second domain of PLC-β3 subsequently accelerates guanosine triphosphate hydrolysis by Gα(q), causing the complex to dissociate and terminate signal propagation. Mutations within this domain dramatically delay signal termination in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, this work suggests a dynamic catch-and-release mechanism used to sharpen spatiotemporal signals mediated by diverse sensory inputs. 相似文献
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Continuous plasma outflows from the edge of a solar active region as a possible source of solar wind
Sakao T Kano R Narukage N Kotoku J Bando T Deluca EE Lundquist LL Tsuneta S Harra LK Katsukawa Y Kubo M Hara H Matsuzaki K Shimojo M Bookbinder JA Golub L Korreck KE Su Y Shibasaki K Shimizu T Nakatani I 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5856):1585-1588
The Sun continuously expels a huge amount of ionized material into interplanetary space as the solar wind. Despite its influence on the heliospheric environment, the origin of the solar wind has yet to be well identified. In this paper, we report Hinode X-ray Telescope observations of a solar active region. At the edge of the active region, located adjacent to a coronal hole, a pattern of continuous outflow of soft-x-ray-emitting plasmas was identified emanating along apparently open magnetic field lines and into the upper corona. Estimates of temperature and density for the outflowing plasmas suggest a mass loss rate that amounts to approximately 1/4 of the total mass loss rate of the solar wind. These outflows may be indicative of one of the solar wind sources at the Sun. 相似文献
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Miyoshi T Tsuji N Islam MK Kamio T Fujisaki K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(11):1471-1473
RNA interference (RNAi) has been recently exploited to determine gene function by degrading specific mRNAs in several eukaryotic organisms. We constructed a double stranded RNA (dsRNA) from a previously cloned Haemaphysalis longicornis serine proteinase (HlSP) gene to test the importance of the function of the HlSP gene product during blood-feeding. Growth of unfed ticks treated with HlSP dsRNA was significantly inhibited compared to that of PBS-treated ticks. This inhibition was supported by the level of HlSP mRNA. HlSP may play a crucial role for blood-feeding in these ticks. This is the first report on gene silencing of a functional serine proteinase in hard ticks. 相似文献
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Miyoshi T Tsuji N Islam KM Kamio T Fujisaki K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(10):1195-1198
In the present study, we performed enzymatic characterization of Haemaphysalis longicornis serine proteinase (HlSP) with a view to shed light on the mechanisms of blood digestion in the hard ticks. Escherichia coli-expressed recombinant HlSP (rHlSP) was shown to potently hydrolyze the synthetic substrates Bz-(DL)-Arg-pNA, Z-Ala-Ala-Leu-pNA and Suc-Ala-Ala-Ala-pNA and yielded an activity of 31.5, 88.2 and 18.3 mumol/min/mg protein, respectively at an optimum temperature of 25 degrees C. However, the enzyme showed little activity to hydrolyze the substrates Suc-Arg-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-MCA and Pyr-Phe-Leu-pNA. The optimum pH for the enzyme was shown to be 4.0 to 5.0. Several inhibitors such as antipain, leupeptin and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), specific for serine proteinase were shown to inhibit enzyme activity by 20-82%, while E-64 (specific for cysteine proteinases) and pepstatinA (specific for aspartic proteinases) had shown only little inhibitory effects on it. This is the first report on enzymatic characterization of a functional serine proteinase from the hard ticks. 相似文献
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Ohishi K Zenitani R Bando T Goto Y Uchida K Maruyama T Yamamoto S Miyazaki N Fujise Y 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2003,26(2):125-136
Abnormal testes and uterus were observed in 13 males (33%) and one female (3%) out of 40 common minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) in the western North Pacific. Similar lesions were found in testis and ovary, respectively, in one male (2%) and female (2%) out of 43 Bryde's whales (Balaenoptera edeni) in the western North Pacific. Grossly, granular lesions with caseation and calcification were main pathological signs, and they were restricted to reproductive organs of mature whales. Chronic purulent or granulomatous orchitis was observed by microscopic analysis. Antibodies to Brucella species were detected in the serum samples of 15/40 (38%) of common minke whales and 4/43 (9%) of Bryde's whales. Neither pathological nor serological change was found in the examined sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) in the western North Pacific and Antarctic minke whales (Balaenoptera bonaerensis). These results strongly suggest that Brucella infection was involved in two species of baleen whales (Mysticeti) in the North Pacific. 相似文献
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Masuda T Toi Y Bando H Maekawa T Takeda Y Yamaguchi H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(9):2524-2530
As a part of the research project on the elucidation of the chain-breaking antioxidant mechanism of natural phenolics against the oxidation of food components, curcumin, a main turmeric pigment, was investigated. A relatively high concentration of curcumin gave three dimers as radical termination products in addition to the coupling products with curcumin and the lipid hydroperoxide. The structural analysis of these dimers and quantitative analysis of their production rates revealed that radical-radical termination mainly occurred at the 2-position of curcumin. The contribution of the pathway for production of these dimers to the antioxidant mechanism of curcumin was estimated from the concentration-dependent data of the antioxidant activity and formation rates of these termination products. The A-A termination (dimer formation) was estimated to contribute at least about 40% of the entire antioxidant process against ethyl linoleate oxidation. 相似文献
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Eosinophils sustain adipose alternatively activated macrophages associated with glucose homeostasis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Wu D Molofsky AB Liang HE Ricardo-Gonzalez RR Jouihan HA Bando JK Chawla A Locksley RM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6026):243-247
Eosinophils are associated with helminth immunity and allergy, often in conjunction with alternatively activated macrophages (AAMs). Adipose tissue AAMs are necessary to maintain glucose homeostasis and are induced by the cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4). Here, we show that eosinophils are the major IL-4-expressing cells in white adipose tissues of mice, and, in their absence, AAMs are greatly attenuated. Eosinophils migrate into adipose tissue by an integrin-dependent process and reconstitute AAMs through an IL-4- or IL-13-dependent process. Mice fed a high-fat diet develop increased body fat, impaired glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance in the absence of eosinophils, and helminth-induced adipose tissue eosinophilia enhances glucose tolerance. Our results suggest that eosinophils play an unexpected role in metabolic homeostasis through maintenance of adipose AAMs. 相似文献