Dynamic responsive characteristics of nailed plywood–timber joints under harmonic vibrations     

Takuro Hirai  Takeyoshi Uematsu  Yoshihisa Sasaki  Masahiko Toda  Okumu Gordon Wanyama  Kei Sawata 《Journal of Wood Science》2012,58(5):408-416

Dynamic tests of nailed plywood–timber joints are conducted under harmonic vibrations from 2 to 7 Hz. The principal results are as follows: under dynamic loading, nailed plywood–timber joints may break in low-cyclic bending fatigue failure of nails besides the other failure modes typical under static loading. The dynamic response of nailed plywood–timber joints is clearly dependent upon both the input frequency and the acceleration. These responsive characteristics arise from the nonlinear load–slip relationships and the characteristic cyclic stiffness degradation of nailed joints; that is, the cyclic degradation of the equivalent linear stiffness decreases the resonant frequencies of the same joints, which results in a transition of dynamic responses. It indicates that frequency components of seismic waves resonant to the frequencies corresponding to safety-limit stiffness of nailed joints may lead them to critical failures, even if the accelerations do not exceed the accelerations equivalent to the static damage-limit resistance.  相似文献   

Immunohistochemistry for parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in benign and malignant mammary mixed tumors of dogs with and without hypercalcemia     

Konno A  Sukegawa A  Kusano M  Kariya K  Ishida T  Okada H 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2000,47(3-4):155-162

We evaluated the expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) by immunohistochemistry in eight benign and malignant mammary mixed tumors of dogs with (n = 4) and without (n = 4) hypercalcemia. Positive immunoreactive staining for PTHrP was observed in all four tumors from hypercalcemic dogs. The mammary tumors from 2 of the 4 normocalcemic dogs stained positively for PTHrP, but the numbers of immunoreactive cells and intensity of the immunoreaction were less than in the hypercalcemic dogs. In the other 2 tumors without hypercalcemia, the tissue samples were negative for PTHrP.  相似文献   

Hepatic copper accumulation in a young cat with familial variations in the ATP7B gene     

Hajime Asada  Mari Kojima  Takuro Nagahara  Yuko Goto‐Koshino  James K. Chambers  Taisuke Nakagawa  Nozomu Yokoyama  Kazuyuki Uchida  Hajime Tsujimoto  Koichi Ohno 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(2):874-878

A 9‐month‐old intact crossbred female cat was presented with jaundice, intermittent anorexia and lethargy, increased hepatic enzyme activities, and hyperammonemia. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomographic examinations determined that the liver had a rounded and irregular margin, and histopathological examination identified excessive accumulation of copper hepatocytes in the liver. Concentrations of both blood and urine copper were higher than in healthy cats. The patient responded well to treatment with penicillamine. Clinicopathological abnormalities and clinical signs improved within 2 months, and the patient was alive for >9 months after starting treatment. Genetic examination determined that the patient and its littermate had a single‐nucleotide variation (SNV, p. T1297R) that impaired the function of the ATP7B gene product; the gene that is mutated in patients with Wilson's disease (WD). Hepatic copper accumulation was believed to be associated with the SNV of the ATP7B gene, and the patient had a genetic disorder of copper metabolism equivalent to WD in humans.  相似文献   

Relation between cell‐bound exopolysaccharide production via plasmid‐encoded genes and rugose colony morphology in the probiotic Lactobacillus brevis KB290     

Masanori Fukao  Takeshi Zendo  Takuro Inoue  Nobuo Fuke  Tomoo Moriuchi  Yasuhiro Yamane  Jiro Nakayama  Kenji Sonomoto  Tetsuya Fukaya 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(12):1575-1580

The probiotic Lactobacillus brevis KB290 is a natural producer of cell‐bound exopolysaccharide (EPS), and the plasmid‐encoded glycosyltransferase genes are responsible for this EPS production. KB290 forms unique rugose colonies inside an agar medium; this characteristic is useful for detecting and enumerating KB290 in the gut or feces. However, the genetic elements associated with this morphology remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the relation between the plasmid eps genes and rugose colony morphology in KB290. The plasmid‐cured mutants formed smooth colonies, and the rugose colony morphology was restored after complementation with the eps genes. The eps genes were successfully cloned and expressed in other L. brevis and L. plantarum strains. In these transformant strains, the presence of the EPS, consisting of glucose and N‐acetylglucosamine, correlated with rugose colonies, indicating that EPS is responsible for rugose colony formation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report identifying the genetic factors influencing rugose colonies in Lactobacillus strains. This rugose colony formation may serve as a useful selective marker for KB290 in routine laboratory and research settings and can be used to detect the spontaneous loss of plasmids in this strain.  相似文献   

Effects of pretension in bolts on hysteretic responses of moment-carrying timber joints     

Ali Awaludin  Takuro Hirai  Toshiro Hayashikawa  Yoshihisa Sasaki  Akio Oikawa 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(2):114-120

The adoption of a concept similar to the prestressing technique used in laminated wood decks of bridge structures might increase the initial stiffness or ultimate resistance of dowel-type timber joints by applying pretension to their bolts. This study investigated the effect of pretension in bolts on hysteretic responses and ultimate properties of moment-carrying timber joints with steel side plates. A pretension of 20 kN that yielded a prestress level of 1600 kPa or about 90% of the allowable long-term end-bearing strength of spruce species was applied to the bolts of prestressed joints. The superiority of the prestressed joint over the non-pre-stressed joint was proved by very high hysteretic damping, equivalent viscous damping ratio, and cyclic stiffness. At any given rotation level, hysteretic damping reduction and moment resistance decrement due to continuously reversed loads were found to be small because bolt pretensioning minimized the pinching effect. This study showed that the hysteresis loop of the prestressed joint can be obtained by adding the frictional hysteresis loop due to pretension force into the hysteresis loop of the non-pre-stressed joint. Despite a great increase of initial stiffness, only slight increments in ductility coefficient and ultimate moment resistance were found in the prestressed joint.  相似文献   

AKD-2023: A novel miticide. Biological activity and mode of action     

Sachiko Kinoshita  Youko Koura  Hamitsu Kariya  Norio Ohsaki  Tadakazu Watanabe 《Pest management science》1999,55(6):659-660

AKD-2023, 3-dodecyl-1,4-dihydro-1,4-dioxo-2-naphthyl acetate (proposed common name acequinocyl) is a novel miticide now under commercial development. It has outstanding miticidal activity against economically important spider mites with the new mode of action of inhibition of mitochondrial electron transfer at complex III.  相似文献   

Effective lateral resistance of combined timber joints with nails and bolts     

Okumu Gordon Wanyama  Kei Sawata  Takuro Hirai  Akio Koizumi  Yoshihisa Sasaki 《Journal of Wood Science》2012,58(1):9-19

An experimental study on combined steel-to-timber joints with nails and bolts is conducted in this study. Principal results are as follows: The initial stiffness and effective allowable resistance of combined joints depend obviously on clearances in predrilled bolt-holes. The combined joints with nails and bolts have high potential of energy capacity to resist strong earthquake forces. There are upper limits of clearances in predrilled bolt-holes that allow advantages of considering the synthetic resistance of combined joints in practical structural design. Combining the joint components with appropriate design will give higher performance against strong earthquakes increasing the safety margin and energy capacity until the failure. The combined joints should be designed under the restrictions of particular specifications in closed design systems because the advantages of combining the joint components are influenced obviously by various actual conditions, which are too difficult to consider in detail in open design systems.  相似文献   

Production and analysis of reciprocal hybrids between <Emphasis Type="Italic">Asparagus officinalis</Emphasis> L. and <Emphasis Type="Italic">A. schoberioides</Emphasis> Kunth     

Takuro Ito  Toshinori Ochiai  Hiroki Ashizawa  Toshinori Shimodate  Takahiro Sonoda  Tatsuya Fukuda  Jun Yokoyama  Toshiaki Kameya  Akira Kanno 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(5):1063-1071

The genus Asparagus (Asparagaceae) encompasses 100–300 species, including the important vegetable crop, A. officinalis (garden asparagus). Previous attempts to hybridize garden asparagus with A. densiflorus (Kunth) Jessop, with the aim of introducing disease resistance, were unsuccessful because of the failure of endosperm development. In the present study, reciprocal interspecific hybrids between garden asparagus and A. schoberioides Kunth were generated by hand pollination. The F1 hybrids were analyzed by using both morphological and molecular techniques. This is the first report describing the production of an interspecific hybrid between garden asparagus at the diploid level (2n = 2x = 20) and its diploid (2n = 2x = 20) wild relative, A. schoberioides. Morphological characteristics of candidate hybrids were a mixture of those found in the parents, and cytological and RFLP analyses confirmed that morphologically intermediate plants were indeed diploid hybrids of those two species. In other words, post-zygotic isolation is not complete between phylogenetically distinct these two species. Our results suggest that other Asparagus species may be capable of hybridizing with A. officinalis and that introducing wild characters through interspecific hybridization may offer advantages for breeding for novel traits. Takuro Ito and Toshinori Ochiai authors are contributed equally to this work  相似文献   

DIFFERENCES IN ACQUISITION OF ORGANIC NITROGEN IN SOILS BETWEEN BOK CHOY AND TOMATO     

Toshihiro Watanabe  Takumi Enomoto  Michihiko Sakurai  Miwa Okamoto  Takuro Shinano  Mitsuru Osaki 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(10):1468-1476

Seedlings of bok choy and tomato were grown in soils with different nitrogen (N) sources [no N (?N), ammonium sulfate (AS), and cattle farmyard manure (CM)]. Comparison between soils treated with ?N and CM indicated that the growth and N accumulation in bok choy were significantly enhanced by CM treatment, whereas no difference was found in tomato. In the rhizosphere soils, the highest protease activity was detected in CM treatment irrespective of species. Correlation analysis between rhizospheric protease activity and total N accumulation of plant treated with –N and CM showed a significant positive correlation only for bok choy. The determination of amino acid absorption rate in excised roots indicated that glycine was taken up at a significantly higher rate in bok choy than tomato. This study suggested that at least two possible factors affected the acquisition of organic N: rhizospheric protease activity and ability to absorb amino acids in roots.  相似文献   

Lateral resistance of anchor-bolt joints between timber sills and foundations II. Effective lateral resistance of multiple anchor-bolt joints     

Takuro Hirai  Kayoko Namura  Kuniyoshi Yanaga  Akio Koizumi  Tetsuji Tsujino 《Journal of Wood Science》2006,52(2):115-120

Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to estimate the effective lateral resistance of multiple anchor-bolt joints with ordinary specifications of Japanese post and beam constructions. Basic lateral load-slip curves of single anchor-bolt joints required in the simulations were determined from the test results of our earlier report. The effective lateral resistance of multiple anchor-bolt joints was estimated for some combinations of loading direction, length/diameter ratio of anchor bolts, lead-hole clearance, and number of anchor bolts. The principal results of the simulations are: (1) anchor-bolt joints loaded perpendicular to lateral forces are not recommended to be counted as supplementary resisting elements because their supplementary shares are far less than those expected from their allowable lateral resistance; (2) multiple anchor-bolt joints with small length/diameter ratios have comparatively lower effective resistance ratios than multiple anchor-bolt joints with large length/diameter ratios; (3) the effective resistance of multiple anchor-bolt joints is affected not only by lead-hole clearance or number of bolts but also variance of load-slip characteristics of single anchor-bolt joints. Part of this work was presented at WCTE2004, Lahti, June 2004  相似文献