IMAGING DIAGNOSIS–SCLEROSING ENCAPSULATING PERITONITIS IN A DOG          下载免费PDF全文

Tamara Veiga‐Parga  Silke Hecht  Linden Craig 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2015,56(6):E65-E69

An approximately 5‐month‐old American Staffordshire terrier was presented with a history of recurrent peritoneal effusion. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound showed a loculated effusion in the ventral abdomen with dorsal displacement of abdominal organs, hepatomegaly and rounding of liver and splenic margins. Computed tomography demonstrated centrally located gastrointestinal segments surrounded by a thin soft tissue band and a thickened peritoneal lining. At necropsy a fibrous membrane continuous with liver and splenic capsules encapsulated all abdominal organs. Microscopically the abdominal wall and fibrous capsule consisted of an irregular thick layer of hypocellular connective tissue. The final diagnosis was sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis.  相似文献   

Invertebrate diversity associated with a shallow rhodolith bed in the Mediterranean Sea (Mar Piccolo of Taranto,south-east Italy)     

Cataldo Pierri  Caterina Longo  Annalisa Falace  Maria F. Gravina  Michele Gristina  Sara Kaleb  Tamara Lazic  Stefania Lisco  Massimo Moretti  Matteo Putignano  Miriam Ravisato  Roberta Trani  Marco Dadamo  Paolo G. Albano 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2024,34(1):e4054

Chronic toxicity of unresolved complex mixtures (UCM) of hydrocarbons in marine sediments   总被引：1，自引：4，他引：1  

Alan Scarlett  Tamara S. Galloway  Steven J. Rowland 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2007,7(4):200-206

Background, Aim and Scope  Unresolved complex mixtures (UCM) of hydrocarbons, containing many thousands of compounds which cannot be resolved by conventional gas chromatography (GC), are common contaminants of sediments but little is known of their potential to affect sediment-dwelling organisms. Evidence exists for reduced health status in mussels, arising from aqueous exposure to aromatic UCM components acting through a narcotic mode of action. However, UCM contaminants in sediments may not be sufficiently bioavailable to elicit toxic effects. The aim of our study was therefore to measure the sublethal effects of chronic exposure to model UCM-dominated oils at environmentally realistic concentrations and compare this to effects produced by a UCM containing weathered crude oil. A further aim was to determine which, if any, fractions of the oils were responsible for any observed toxicity. Materials and Methods  Whole oils were spiked into estuarine sediment to give nominal concentrations of 500 μg g⁻¹ dry weight. Juveniles of the estuarine amphipod Corophium volutator were exposed to the contaminated sediment for 35 days and their survival, growth rate and reproductive success quantified. Using an effect-directed fractionation approach, the oils were fractionated into aliphatic and two aromatic fractions by open column chromatography and their toxicity assessed by further chronic exposures using juvenile C. volutator. Results  The growth rates of amphipods were reduced following exposure to the oils although this was only statistically significant for the weathered oil; reproductive success was reduced by all oil exposures. Sediment spiked with UCM fractions also caused reduced growth and reproduction but no particular fraction was found to be responsible for the observed toxicity. Survivorship was not affected by any oil or fraction. Discussion  The study showed that chronic exposure to sediments contaminated by UCM-dominated oils could have population level effects on amphipods. The observed effects could not be explained by hydrocarbons resolved by conventional GC and effects were similar for both UCM-dominated and weathered oils. All of the fractions appeared to contribute to the observed effects; this is in contrast to previous research which had shown that an aliphatic UCM did not cause adverse effects in mussels. Conclusions  To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate population-level effects arising from exposure to sediments contaminated by realistic environmental concentrations of UCM hydrocarbons. The results are consistent with many compounds, at very low individual concentrations, contributing towards the overall observed toxicity. Recommendations  Risk assessments of contaminated sediments should take into account the contribution towards the potential for toxic effects from UCM hydrocarbons. Studies into sediment contamination should report both aliphatic and aromatic UCM concentrations to aid risk assessments. ESS-Submission Editor: Henner Hollert (hollert@uni-heidelberg.de) This paper has been developed from a presentation at SETAC Europe 16^th Annual Meeting 2006 held at the The Hague, The Netherlands.  相似文献   

Oxygenation and plasma endothelin‐1 concentrations in healthy horses recovering from isoflurane anaesthesia administered with or without pulse‐delivered inhaled nitric oxide     

Tamara Grubb  Anna Edner  Jan HM Frendin  Pia Funkquist  Anneli Rydén  Görel Nyman 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2013,40(6):e9-e18

ObjectiveTo assess oxygenation, ventilation‐perfusion (V/Q) matching and plasma endothelin (ET‐1) concentrations in healthy horses recovering from isoflurane anaesthesia administered with or without pulse‐delivered inhaled nitric oxide (iNO).Study DesignProspective experimental trial.AnimalsHealthy adult Standardbred horses.MethodsHorses were anaesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen and placed in lateral recumbency. Six control (C group) horses were anaesthetized without iNO delivery and six horses received pulse‐delivered iNO (NO group). After 2.5 hours of anaesthesia isoflurane and iNO were abruptly discontinued, inhaled oxygen was reduced from 100% to approximately 30%, and the horses were moved to the recovery stall. At intervals during a 30‐minute period following the discontinuation of anaesthesia, arterial and mixed venous blood gas values, shunt fraction (Qs/Qt), plasma ET‐1 concentration, pulse rate and respiratory rate were measured or calculated. Repeated measures anova and a Bonferroni post hoc test was used to analyze data with significance set at p <0.05.ResultsAt all time points in the recovery period, NO horses maintained better arterial oxygenation (oxygen partial pressure: NO 13.2 ± 2.7–11.1 ± 2.7 versus C 6.7 ± 1.1–7.1 ± 1.1 kPa) and better V/Q matching (Qs/Qt NO 0.23 ± 0.05–0.14 ± 0.06 versus C 0.48 ± 0.03–0.32 ± 0.08%) than C horses. Mixed venous oxygenation was higher in NO for 25 minutes following the discontinuation of anaesthesia (NO 6.3 ± 0.2–4.5 ± 0.07 versus C 4.7 ± 0.6–3.7 ± 0.3 kPa). In both groups of horses arterial oxygenation remained fairly stable; venous oxygenation declined over this time period in the NO group but still remained higher than venous oxygen in the C group. ET‐1 concentrations were higher at most time points in C than NO. Changes in other parameters were either minor or absent.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceDelivery of iNO to healthy horses during anaesthesia results in better arterial and venous oxygenation and V/Q matching (as determined by lower Qs/Qt) and lower ET‐1 concentrations throughout a 30‐minute anaesthetic recovery period.  相似文献   

Environmental and genetic effects on yield and secondary metabolite production in Brassica rapa crops     

Francisco M  Cartea ME  Butrón AM  Sotelo T  Velasco P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(22):5507-5514

Twelve Brassica rapa varieties grown, such as turnip green and turnip top, were evaluated in seven environments to determine the environmental and genotypic variables that have an influence on crop production and on the content of glucosinolates and phenolic compounds. Factorial regression analysis showed that, in general, crop production was favored by high temperatures all along the crop cycle. However, the lack of a period of intense cold could be a limiting factor. The metabolite content seems to be regulated by extreme temperatures (daily maximum and minimum temperatures) rather than by average daily temperatures. With regard to genotypic covariables, turnip top production was significantly affected by traits related to the vegetative development and time to flowering. Meanwhile, turnip green production was largely affected by a sinapoyl derivative compound, which is a precursor of cell wall components. Cross-talk between glucosinolate biosynthesis and phenylpropanoid signaling pathways is suggested.  相似文献   

Marine Compounds with Therapeutic Potential in Gram-Negative Sepsis     

Tamara Solov’eva  Viktoria Davydova  Inna Krasikova  Irina Yermak 《Marine drugs》2013,11(6):2216-2229

This paper concerns the potential use of compounds, including lipid A, chitosan, and carrageenan, from marine sources as agents for treating endotoxemic complications from Gram-negative infections, such as sepsis and endotoxic shock. Lipid A, which can be isolated from various species of marine bacteria, is a potential antagonist of bacterial endotoxins (lipopolysaccharide (LPSs)). Chitosan is a widespread marine polysaccharide that is derived from chitin, the major component of crustacean shells. The potential of chitosan as an LPS-binding and endotoxin-neutralizing agent is also examined in this paper, including a discussion on the generation of hydrophobic chitosan derivatives to increase the binding affinity of chitosan to LPS. In addition, the ability of carrageenan, which is the polysaccharide of red alga, to decrease the toxicity of LPS is discussed. We also review data obtained using animal models that demonstrate the potency of carrageenan and chitosan as antiendotoxin agents.  相似文献   

In Reply to Clinical Practice Guidelines for Treatment of Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia     

Brad L. Bennett  Tamara Hew-Butler  Martin D. Hoffman  Ian R. Rogers  Mitchell H. Rosner 《The Forestry Chronicle》2013,24(4):468-471

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The genome of the African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei     

Berriman M  Ghedin E  Hertz-Fowler C  Blandin G  Renauld H  Bartholomeu DC  Lennard NJ  Caler E  Hamlin NE  Haas B  Böhme U  Hannick L  Aslett MA  Shallom J  Marcello L  Hou L  Wickstead B  Alsmark UC  Arrowsmith C  Atkin RJ  Barron AJ  Bringaud F  Brooks K  Carrington M  Cherevach I  Chillingworth TJ  Churcher C  Clark LN  Corton CH  Cronin A  Davies RM  Doggett J  Djikeng A  Feldblyum T  Field MC  Fraser A  Goodhead I  Hance Z  Harper D  Harris BR  Hauser H  Hostetler J  Ivens A  Jagels K  Johnson D  Johnson J  Jones K  Kerhornou AX  Koo H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5733):416-422

African trypanosomes cause human sleeping sickness and livestock trypanosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa. We present the sequence and analysis of the 11 megabase-sized chromosomes of Trypanosoma brucei. The 26-megabase genome contains 9068 predicted genes, including approximately 900 pseudogenes and approximately 1700 T. brucei-specific genes. Large subtelomeric arrays contain an archive of 806 variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) genes used by the parasite to evade the mammalian immune system. Most VSG genes are pseudogenes, which may be used to generate expressed mosaic genes by ectopic recombination. Comparisons of the cytoskeleton and endocytic trafficking systems with those of humans and other eukaryotic organisms reveal major differences. A comparison of metabolic pathways encoded by the genomes of T. brucei, T. cruzi, and Leishmania major reveals the least overall metabolic capability in T. brucei and the greatest in L. major. Horizontal transfer of genes of bacterial origin has contributed to some of the metabolic differences in these parasites, and a number of novel potential drug targets have been identified.  相似文献   

Addition of Vermicompost to Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soil Increases the Ability of Black Oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) Plants to Remove Cd,Cr, and Pb     

Lucélia Hoehne  Christina V. S. de Lima  Maira C. Martini  Taciélen Altmayer  Débora T. Brietzke  Jordana Finatto  Tamara E. Gonçalves  Camille E. Granada 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(12):443

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The genome sequence of Trypanosoma cruzi, etiologic agent of Chagas disease     

El-Sayed NM  Myler PJ  Bartholomeu DC  Nilsson D  Aggarwal G  Tran AN  Ghedin E  Worthey EA  Delcher AL  Blandin G  Westenberger SJ  Caler E  Cerqueira GC  Branche C  Haas B  Anupama A  Arner E  Aslund L  Attipoe P  Bontempi E  Bringaud F  Burton P  Cadag E  Campbell DA  Carrington M  Crabtree J  Darban H  da Silveira JF  de Jong P  Edwards K  Englund PT  Fazelina G  Feldblyum T  Ferella M  Frasch AC  Gull K  Horn D  Hou L  Huang Y  Kindlund E  Klingbeil M  Kluge S  Koo H  Lacerda D  Levin MJ  Lorenzi H  Louie T  Machado CR  McCulloch R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5733):409-415

Whole-genome sequencing of the protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi revealed that the diploid genome contains a predicted 22,570 proteins encoded by genes, of which 12,570 represent allelic pairs. Over 50% of the genome consists of repeated sequences, such as retrotransposons and genes for large families of surface molecules, which include trans-sialidases, mucins, gp63s, and a large novel family (>1300 copies) of mucin-associated surface protein (MASP) genes. Analyses of the T. cruzi, T. brucei, and Leishmania major (Tritryp) genomes imply differences from other eukaryotes in DNA repair and initiation of replication and reflect their unusual mitochondrial DNA. Although the Tritryp lack several classes of signaling molecules, their kinomes contain a large and diverse set of protein kinases and phosphatases; their size and diversity imply previously unknown interactions and regulatory processes, which may be targets for intervention.  相似文献