Improved line weighting reduces seabird bycatch without affecting fish catch in the Brazilian pelagic longline fishery   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rodrigo C. Santos  Augusto Silva‐Costa  Rodrigo Sant'Ana  Dimas Gianuca  Oliver Yates  Caio Marques  Tatiana Neves 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(3):442-449

Tracking mite trophic interactions by multiplex PCR     

María Antonia Gmez‐Martínez  Tatiana Pina  Ernestina Aguilar‐Fenollosa  Josep A Jaques  Mnica A Hurtado 《Pest management science》2020,76(2):597-608

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Structure Elucidation and Functional Studies of a Novel β-hairpin Antimicrobial Peptide from the Marine Polychaeta Capitella teleta     

Pavel V. Panteleev  Andrey V. Tsarev  Victoria N. Safronova  Olesia V. Reznikova  Ilia A. Bolosov  Sergei V. Sychev  Zakhar O. Shenkarev  Tatiana V. Ovchinnikova 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)

Endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are evolutionary ancient molecular factors of innate immunity that play a key role in host defense. Among the most active and stable under physiological conditions AMPs are the peptides of animal origin that adopt a β-hairpin conformation stabilized by disulfide bridges. In this study, a novel BRICHOS-domain related AMP from the marine polychaeta Capitella teleta, named capitellacin, was produced as the recombinant analogue and investigated. The mature capitellacin exhibits high homology with the known β-hairpin AMP family—tachyplesins and polyphemusins from the horseshoe crabs. The β-hairpin structure of the recombinant capitellacin was proved by CD and NMR spectroscopy. In aqueous solution the peptide exists as monomeric right-handed twisted β-hairpin and its structure does not reveal significant amphipathicity. Moreover, the peptide retains this conformation in membrane environment and incorporates into lipid bilayer. Capitellacin exhibits a strong antimicrobial activity in vitro against a wide panel of bacteria including extensively drug-resistant strains. In contrast to other known β-hairpin AMPs, this peptide acts apparently via non-lytic mechanism at concentrations inhibiting bacterial growth. The molecular mechanism of the peptide antimicrobial action does not seem to be related to the inhibition of bacterial translation therefore other molecular targets may be assumed. The reduced cytotoxicity against human cells and high antibacterial cell selectivity as compared to tachyplesin-1 make it an attractive candidate compound for an anti-infective drug design.  相似文献   

Strong differentiation within Diplocarpon rosae strains based on microsatellite markers and greenhouse-based inoculation protocol on Rosa     

Brice Marolleau  Aurélien Petiteau  Marie-Noëlle Bellanger  Mélanie Sannier  Nadège Le Pocreau  Laetitia Porcher  Sophie Paillard  Fabrice Foucher  Tatiana Thouroude  Laurana Serres-Giardi  Gabriela Aguileta  Annie Chastellier  Caroline Bonneau  Bruno Le Cam  Vanessa Soufflet-Freslon  Laurence Hibrand-Saint Oyant 《Plant pathology》2020,69(6):1093-1107

The haploid ascomycete Diplocarpon rosae is the causal agent of black spot disease on roses, a widespread and devastating disease in the outdoor landscape. In this study, we established a Eurasian collection of 77 monoconidial strains of D. rosae: 50 strains collected on cultivated roses in Europe and Asia, and 27 strains on wild roses in Kazakhstan. To provide tools to describe its biology and to study its genetic diversity, we sequenced two strains of D. rosae using Illumina paired-end technology. The genome sizes of these two strains were estimated at 31.1 and 35.2 Mb, which are two times smaller than the genome size of the unique strain previously published. A BUSCO analysis confirmed a genome duplication of the strain previously sequenced and partial gene duplication of strains analysed in this study. Using the two genome sequences, 27 polymorphic microsatellite markers were identified. Polymorphism analysis of the 77 strains revealed a strong genetic differentiation between strains from cultivated and wild roses, and a lower diversity within the fungal population from cultivated roses compared to the population from wild roses. Pathogenicity of 10 strains was evaluated on 9 rose cultivars inoculated in the greenhouse. Disease scoring allowed the classification of strains into three groups and the characterization of resistance of rose cultivars. Good correlation observed between resistance scoring in greenhouse conditions and in the field indicates that pathogenicity assays in controlled conditions could be very useful in the near future to rapidly characterize the resistance of new rose varieties to black spot disease.  相似文献   

Mechanism of Action and Therapeutic Potential of the β-Hairpin Antimicrobial Peptide Capitellacin from the Marine Polychaeta Capitella teleta     

Victoria N. Safronova  Pavel V. Panteleev  Stanislav V. Sukhanov  Ilia Y. Toropygin  Ilia A. Bolosov  Tatiana V. Ovchinnikova 《Marine drugs》2022,20(3)

Among the most potent and proteolytically resistant antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of animal origin are molecules forming a β-hairpin structure stabilized by disulfide bonds. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of the β-hairpin AMP from the marine polychaeta Capitella teleta, named capitellacin. The peptide exhibits a low cytotoxicity toward mammalian cells and a pronounced activity against a wide range of bacterial pathogens including multi-resistant bacteria, but the mechanism of its antibacterial action is still obscure. In view of this, we obtained analogs of capitellacin and tachyplesin-inspired chimeric variants to identify amino acid residues important for biological activities. A low hydrophobicity of the β-turn region in capitellacin determines its modest membranotropic activity and slow membrane permeabilization. Electrochemical measurements in planar lipid bilayers mimicking the E. coli membrane were consistent with the detergent-like mechanism of action rather than with binding to a specific molecular target in the cell. The peptide did not induce bacterial resistance after a 21-day selection experiment, which also pointed at a membranotropic mechanism of action. We also found that capitellacin can both prevent E. coli biofilm formation and destroy preformed mature biofilms. The marked antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of capitellacin along with its moderate adverse effects on mammalian cells make this peptide a promising scaffold for the development of drugs for the treatment of chronic E. coli infections, in particular those caused by the formation of biofilms.  相似文献   

Ultrasound-guided injections of the equine head and neck: review and expert opinion     

Jessica P. JOHNSON  Tatiana VINARDELL  Florent DAVID 《Journal of Equine Science》2021,32(4):103

Ultrasound-guided injections can be used for a wide variety of conditions in the horse, including both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Benefits of ultrasound guidance include more accurate deposition of injectate compared with blind approaches. Improved identification of vital structures, including nerves and blood vessels, allows their avoidance and thus reduces procedure-associated complications. Validation of such ultrasound-guided techniques has shown that they can be easily learnt by inexperienced veterinarians, assuming a proper knowledge of the sonographic anatomy. In many cases they can be employed in the field with a high level of accuracy, using widely available equipment, and with complete adherence to the sterility principles. Many ultrasound-guided injection techniques of the axial skeleton in the horse have been described in past years, enabling the equine veterinarian to perform more accurate treatments of specific anatomical areas. The goal of this review is to discuss diagnostic and therapeutic ultrasound-guided injection techniques of the skull and cervical spine in the horse, including those for the retrobulbar space, maxillary and inferior alveolar nerves, atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial junctions, and cervical articular process joints, as well as the 1st cervical nerve, the C2 and C3 nerve plexus, and the 6th, 7th, and 8th cervical nerve roots.  相似文献   

Myeloperoxidase concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from healthy horses and those with recurrent airway obstruction          下载免费PDF全文

Tatiana Art  Thierry Franck  Pierre Lekeux  Brieuc de Moffarts  Laurent Couëtil  Martine Becker  Serge Kohnen  Ginette Deby-Dupont    Didier Serteyn 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2006,70(4):291-296

The aim of this work was to measure the myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid collected from horses with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), both in crisis and in remission, as well as from healthy horses. Seven horses with RAO were exposed to moldy hay until the maximum change in pleural pressure was greater than 1.5 kPa. At that point, BAL was performed, and the total cell counts and percentages in the fluid were immediately determined. To measure the MPO concentration in BAL-fluid supernatant, we used a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with polyclonal antibodies against equine MPO. The tests were repeated on the horses with RAO after they had spent 2 mo on pasture. Six healthy horses serving as controls underwent the same tests. The absolute and relative neutrophil counts and the MPO concentration in the BAL fluid were significantly greater in the horses with an RAO crisis than in the control horses. After 2 mo on pasture, the horses that had been in RAO crisis were clinically normal, and their neutrophil counts and MPO levels in BAL fluid had significantly decreased; during remission their neutrophil counts were not significantly different from those in the healthy horses, but their MPO concentration remained significantly higher. This study showed that determining the MPO concentration in a horse's BAL fluid is technically possible and that during remission from RAO the concentration remains higher than normal. Thus, MPO may be a marker of neutrophil presence and activation in the lower airways.  相似文献   

40Ar/39Ar Age of the Lathrop Wells Volcanic Center, Yucca Mountain, Nevada     

Turrin BD  Champion D  Fleck RJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,253(5020):654-657

Paleomagnetic and (40)Ar/(39)Ar analyses from the Lathrop Wells volcanic center, Nevada, indicate that two eruptive events have occurred there. The ages (136 +/- 8 and 141 +/- 9 thousand years ago) for these two events are analytically indistinguishable. The small angular difference (4.7 degrees ) between the paleomagnetic directions from these two events suggests they differ in age by only about 100 years. These ages are consistent with the chronology of the surficial geological units in the Yucca Mountain area. These results contradict earlier interpretations of the cinder-cone geomorphology and soil-profile data that suggest that at least five temporally discrete eruptive events occurred at Lathrop Wells approximately 20,000 years ago.  相似文献   

Latest pleistocene and holocene geomagnetic paleointensity on hawaii     

Mankinen EA  Champion DE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1993,262(5132):412-416

Geomagnetic paleointensity determinations from radiocarbon-dated lava flows on the island of Hawaii provide an estimate of broad trends in paleointensity for Holocene time and offer a glimpse of intensity variations near the end of the last glacial period. When the data from Hawaii are compared with others worldwide, the intensity of the geomagnetic field seems to have been reduced from the Holocene average by about 35 percent between 45,000 and 10,000 years ago. A long-term reduction of this magnitude is compatible with reported increases in the production rate of cosmogenic nuclides during the same interval.  相似文献   

Direct determination of paclobutrazol residues in pear samples by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry     

Sancho JV  Pozo OJ  Zamora T  Grimalt S  Hernández F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(15):4202-4206

A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS-MS) method has been developed for the determination of the plant growth regulator paclobutrazol in pear samples. Extraction was performed with methanol by using a high-speed blender Ultra-Turrax, and 10 microL of pear extract was directly injected in the LC-ESI-MS-MS system without any previous sample treatment. The highest sensitivity of the method was achieved under MS-MS conditions obtaining a limit of detection of 0.7 microg/kg and a quantification limit of 5 microg/kg, with a run time of only 5.5 min. Recoveries for paclobutrazol from spiked pear samples at 0.005, 0.05, and 0.5 mg/kg were around 82-102% with relative standard deviations between 2 and 7%. The method was applied to real treated and untreated samples of pears, using quality control samples as a evaluation of the method reliability. Two MS-MS transitions were selected, one for quantification (294 > 70) and the other for confirmation of the analyte (296 > 70). All the experiments were performed in compliance with good laboratory practices.  相似文献