A novel technique for identification of Ascaris suum cohorts in pigs     

Nejsum P  Thamsborg SM  Jørgensen C  Fredholm M  Roepstorff A 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,154(1-2):171-174

The objective of the present study was to develop a fast, cheap and reliable technique for identifying different cohorts of the swine parasite, Ascaris suum. A polymerase chain reaction linked restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique on mt-DNA was used to identify unique haplotypes of four gravid A. suum females on agarose gels after eggs were recovered from each of the worms. Each of four pigs was inoculated with 2000 embryonated eggs originating from one of the four identified Ascaris haplotypes, respectively. Ascaris larvae were isolated from the small intestine at day 14 post-infection using an agar technique. Single larvae from each pig were transferred to 96-well PCR plates and a simple DNA extraction using a worm lysis buffer was carried out and followed by the PCR-RFLP analysis. More than 100 larvae from each of the four pigs were analysed and all were found to have the same haplotype as the parental female. We conclude that unique haplotypes of female A. suum and offspring can be identified by means of PCR-RFLP on mt-DNA and suggest that this method can be used in future research on Ascaris population biology using cohorts with distinct mt-DNA profile.  相似文献   

Ultrasonographic description of tendons and ligaments at the palmar (plantar) aspect of the distal limb in the one humped camel (Camelus dromedarius)     

SM Gadallah  AM Sharshar  SA Elsharkawy  MS Fadel 《Australian veterinary journal》2023,101(10):397-408

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Femoral component failure in canine cemented total hip replacement: a report of two cases     

GD Yates  SM Wasik  GA Edwards 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(6):225-230

Femoral stem fracture is reported as an uncommon late complication of cemented total hip replacement in two dogs. In each case surgical salvage was achieved by extirpation of the proximal unstable component of the femoral stem, resulting in acceptable limb function. To the authors' knowledge, intramedullary femoral stem failure has not been previously reported after cemented total hip replacement in the dog. Factors believed to have contributed to implant failure in these dogs are discussed and compared with the same complication in humans.  相似文献   

Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies in wild deer populations in eastern Australia     

L Voss  J Huaman  C Pacioni  A Tolpinrud  K Helbig  TG Carvalho  SM Firestone 《Australian veterinary journal》2023,101(3):106-114

Coxiella burnetii causes significant reproduction losses in livestock and the disease Q fever in humans. Transmission of C. burnetii is facilitated by the stability of the bacterium in the environment and the susceptibility of a variety of host species to infection. Consequently, inter-species transmission occurs frequently through either direct or indirect contact. Wildlife may represent reservoirs of C. burnetii and could therefore be a source of infection for domestic animals. Understanding the prevalence of C. burnetii infections at the wildlife-livestock interface is important for disease control. This study aimed to investigate the extent of C. burnetii exposure in wild deer in eastern Australia. Serum samples were obtained from 413 wild deer from seven regions in four eastern Australian states from 2017 to 2020. Antibodies were detected using a commercial Q fever antibody kit validated for ruminants. Seroprevalence of C. burnetii antibodies in deer was determined and true prevalence estimated, for each region. The overall seroprevalence of C. burnetii antibodies in wild deer was 3.4% (14 seropositive of 413 deer sampled) with true prevalence estimated to be 4.3% (95% credible interval: 0.6%, 10.9%). Seropositive deer were identified only in Queensland (7/108 seropositive) and northern New South Wales (7/120 seropositive). This geospatial distribution is consistent with seropositivity in other animal species and indicative of the level of C. burnetii in the environment. The low seroprevalence suggests that wild deer are unlikely to be a major reservoir species for C. burnetii in eastern Australia but may still be implicated in inter-species transmission cycles.  相似文献   

Comparison of Whole Ovary Cryotreatments for Fertility Preservation          下载免费PDF全文

L Lotz  T Hauenstein  SM Nichols‐Burns  P Strissel  I Hoffmann  S Findeklee  R Dittrich  MW Beckmann  PG Oppelt 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(6):958-964

The goal of this study was to compare a traditional slow‐freeze method (TF) with an open unidirectional slow freeze cooling system (UF) for whole ovary cryopreservation. Therefore, whole pig ovaries were randomly assigned to (A) fresh control, (B) traditional slow freeze (TF) or (C) unidirectional slow freeze (UF). Ovaries were perfused with 10% DMSO in Krebs‐Ringer. For TF, whole ovaries were placed in specimen jars containing 10% DMSO and placed into a specialized container for freezing filled with propan‐2‐ol. For UF, whole ovaries were placed within a specially designed container containing 10% DMSO and transferred to a specialized freezing machine (CTE 920). Histological evaluation demonstrated intact morphology of follicles in all groups; however, an overall decrease of follicle numbers in TF (46%) and UF (50%) compared to fresh control. Live/dead assay indicated significantly lower populations of live cells in both TF (60%) and UF (58%) compared to fresh tissue (74%). TUNEL assay confirmed a difference in percentage of apoptotic follicles between fresh and TF, but there was no significant difference between fresh and UF. To improve the structural and functional integrity of whole ovaries, further investigation, especially into directional freezing, is needed. Whole ovary cryopreservation could provide opportunities for women facing fertility loss due to chemo‐ or radiotherapy treatment.  相似文献   

Condensed tannins act against cattle nematodes     

Novobilský A  Mueller-Harvey I  Thamsborg SM 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,182(2-4):213-220

The use of natural plant anthelmintics was suggested as a possible alternative control of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in ruminants. Direct anthelmintic effects of tannin-containing plants have already been shown in sheep and goat GIN. These anthelmintic properties are mainly associated with condensed tannins. In the present study, we evaluated possible in vitro effects of three tannin-containing plants against bovine GIN. Effects of Onobrychis viciifolia, Lotus pedunculatus and Lotus corniculatus condensed tannin (CT) extracts on Cooperia oncophora and Ostertagia ostertagi were determined by a larval feeding inhibition assay (LFIA) and a larval exsheathment assay (LEA). In the LFIA, all three plant extracts significantly inhibited larval feeding behaviour of both C. oncophora and O. ostertagi first stage larvae in a dose-dependent manner. The L. pedunculatus extract, based on EC(50) (effective concentration for 50% inhibition), was the most effective against both nematodes, followed by O. viciifolia and L. corniculatus. The effect of CT extracts upon larval feeding behaviour correlates with CT content and procyanidin/prodelphidin ratio. Larval exsheathment of C. oncophora and O. ostertagi L3 larvae (third stage larvae) was also affected by CT extracts from all three plants. In both in vitro assays, extracts with added polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, an inhibitor of tannins, generated almost the same values as the negative control; this confirms the role of CT in the anthelmintic effect of these plant extracts. Our results, therefore, indicated that tannin-containing plants could act against cattle nematodes.  相似文献   

Findings in cattle consigned to Victorian knackeries between 2009 and 2018     

JG Gibney  SM Pefanis  MJ Jeffers  RJ Suter  JC Hunnam 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(8):396-404

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In Vitro Maturation and Fertilization of Buffalo Oocytes: Effects of Storage of Ovaries, IVM Temperatures, Storage of Processed Sperm and Fertilization Media     

BM Ravindranatha  S Nandi  HM Raghu  SM Reddy 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2003,38(1):21-26

Studies were conducted to examine the possibility of preserving slaughterhouse‐derived buffalo ovaries at 4°C for 0 (control), 12 and 24 h to maintain the developmental competence of the oocytes (experiment 1), to assess the effect of incubation temperature during oocyte maturation on rates of in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) of buffalo oocytes and embryo development (experiment 2), and to examine the effect of storage at 25°C for 0 (control), 4 and 8 h of frozen–thawed buffalo sperm and BO and H‐TALP as sperm processing and fertilization media on cleavage and embryo development in vitro of buffalo oocytes (experiment 3) in order to optimize the IVF technology in buffalo. Results suggested that storage of ovaries at 4°C for 12 or 24 h significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the developmental potential of oocytes. Incubation temperatures during the IVM influenced the fertilization rate but had no significant effect on maturation and subsequent embryo development. The incubation temperature of 38.5°C during IVM was found to be optimum for embryo production in vitro. Storage of frozen–thawed sperm at 25°C for 8 h significantly (p < 0.05) decreased its ability to cleave the oocytes. Sperm processed in BO medium had significantly (p < 0.05) higher ability to cleave the oocytes than the H‐TALP medium.  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEW     

SM Lillis 《Australian veterinary journal》2003,81(10):624-624

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Serological responses of Australian horses using a commercial duplex indirect ELISA following vaccination against strangles     

CM El‐Hage  H Bannai  AK Wiethoelter  SM Firestone  CM Heislers  JL Allen  AS Waller  JR Gilkerson 《Australian veterinary journal》2019,97(7):220-224

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