Long‐term field insecticide susceptibility data and laboratory experiments reveal evidence for cross resistance to other neonicotinoids in the imidacloprid‐resistant brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens     

Tomohisa Fujii  Sachiyo Sanada‐Morimura  Takaho Oe  Manami Ide  Dinh Van Thanh  Ho Van Chien  Phan Van Tuong  Phung Minh Loc  Le Quoc Cuong  Ze‐Wen Liu  Zeng‐Rong Zhu  Jian‐Hong Li  Gang Wu  Shou‐Horng Huang  Gerardo F Estoy  Shoji Sonoda  Masaya Matsumura 《Pest management science》2020,76(2):480-486

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新疆中亚生态群杏品种果实与叶片形态特征相关性     

徐乐  冯建荣  章世奎 《新疆农业科学》2020,57(1):120-126

【目的】研究新疆中亚生态群杏品种果实和叶片的形态特性及相关性,为新品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】以隶属于该生态群的80个新疆杏品种为研究对象,测定其在果实成熟期的叶面积、叶片长、叶片宽、叶周长、单果重、果实纵横侧径,分析这些指标的分布特性和彼此间的相关性。【结果】80个新疆中亚生态群杏品种中,77.5%的杏品种叶面积分布在19.8~30.3 cm²,最大叶面积为44.18 cm²,最小叶面积为12.82 cm²,叶面积整体偏小;86.3%杏品种叶周长分布在16.7~22.7 cm,最大叶周长为24.44 cm,最小叶周长为13.66 cm;63.8%杏品种单果重分布在16.1~32.1 g FW,最大单果重为48.07 g FW,最小单果重为12.13 g FW,果实整体偏小。叶面积与叶片宽之间相关性最高(0.910^**),叶周长与叶片长之间相关性最高(0.870^**),单果重与果实横径之间相关性最高(0.913^**)。【结论】叶面积和叶周长与果实的单果重之间极显著正相关,可作为预测果实单果重的重要指标。  相似文献   

vvi-miR160s介导VvARF18应答赤霉素调控葡萄种子的发育   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

白云赫  王文然  董天宇  管乐  宿子文  贾海锋  房经贵  王晨 《中国农业科学》2020,53(9):1890-1903

【目的】研究vvi-miR160家族（vvi-miR160s）及其靶基因在‘魏可’葡萄种子发育过程中的作用,探究其应答赤霉素（GA）调控葡萄果实无核的潜在机理。【方法】采用miR-RACE、生物信息学分析、RT-qPCR、RLM-RACE等方法,鉴定vvi-miR160家族成员及其靶基因,分析vvi-miR160s及其靶基因应答GA的时空表达模式及其潜在功能。【结果】花前GA处理强烈抑制‘魏可’葡萄胚珠及种子发育,高效诱导其无核,且无核率达99.8%。克隆鉴定了VvMIR160s前体基因序列（501 bp）及成熟体序列,且它们在不同物种间具有较高的保守性;基于vvi-miR160s序列,预测到靶基因VvARF18,利用RLM-RACE技术检测到vvi-miR160s对VvARF18的裂解位点在第10和第11位之间,裂解频度9/17,证明VvARF18是vvi-miR160s的真实靶基因。该靶基因编码683个氨基酸,在398—411位存在核定位信号,且该蛋白亚细胞定位于细胞核上。VvARF18与其他物种间序列的同源保守性较高,基因结构相似,其中VvARF18蛋白与茶、烟草、梅花等物种亲缘关系较近。VvARF18启动子中包含4种作用元件,且含有较多激素相关元件。RT-qPCR结果显示,随着葡萄果实的发育,vvi-miR160c/d/e呈现‘V’形表达趋势,在硬核种子发育期表达较低,而VvARF18表现出与前者相反的表达趋势,在硬核种子发育期呈现高表达,表明vvi-miR160c/d/e对VvARF18负调控,但vvi-miR160a/b与VvARF18表达水平却不存在明显负相关。GA处理极显著地上调了vvi-miR160a/b在葡萄硬核种子发育期的表达,同时也显著抑制了VvARF18在同时期的表达,且它们的表达水平呈负相关,表明GA处理促进了vvi-miR160a/b对VvARF18的负调控作用;相反,GA减弱了vvi-miR160c/d/e对VvARF18的负调控作用。【结论】在vvi-miR160家族中,vvi-miR160c/d/e可能介导VvARF18在葡萄种子发育的特定阶段调控种子的发育形成,而vvi-miR160a/b可能主要介导VvARF18参与调控GA诱导葡萄种子败育的过程。  相似文献   

Response of the german cockroach Blattella germanica (L.) to a light source following exposure to surface deposits of insecticides     

Stephanie M. Miall  Geoffrey N. J. Le Patourel 《Pest management science》1989,25(1):43-51

Adult male German cockroaches were exposed to surface deposits of insecticides for 5 min in the central compartment of a three-compartment choice chamber illuminated at one end. They were then allowed access to the escape compartments and their distribution recorded over the subsequent 60 min. Cockroaches exposed to pyrethroid insecticides rapidly accumulated in the escape compartment closest to the light source; the same effect was observed to a lesser extent following exposure to propoxur. Boric acid and bendiocarb deposits inhibited the movement of the cockroaches away from the light source, and fenitrothion deposits delayed it. Dieldrin had no effect on the distribution of cockroaches within the choice chamber. The reversal of the normal tendency of German cockroaches to move from a light area to a dark harbourage following exposure to pyrethroids may contribute to the flushing action observed when these chemicals are used for control of B. germanica populations.  相似文献   

Identification and Functional Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Response to Trans-anethole     

Chao-Yang Ding  Yu-Meng Ma  Bin Li  Yun Wang  Le Zhao  Jiang-Nan Peng  Mao-Ye Li  Su Liu  Shi-Guang Li 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2022,22(1)

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Grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of an ultrashort-duration variety grown under different nitrogen and seeding rates in direct-seeded and double-season rice in Central China          下载免费PDF全文

WANG Xin-yu  YANG Guo-dong  XU Le  XIANG Hong-shun  YANG Chen  WANG Fei  PENG Shao-bing 《农业科学学报》2023,22(4):1009-1020

Nitrogen(N) and seeding rates are important factors affecting grain yield and N use efficiency(NUE) in directseeded rice. However, these factors have not been adequately investigated on direct-seeded and double-season rice(DDR) in Central China. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various N and seeding rates on the grain yield and NUE of an ultrashort-duration variety grown under DDR. Field experiments were conducted in 2018 in Wuxue County and 2019 in Qichun County, Hubei...  相似文献   

花鲈虹彩病毒交叉引物恒温扩增检测方法的建立     

马艳平  覃宝田  梁曦  王刚  郝乐  周东来  刘振兴 《广东农业科学》2024,51(3):148-156

【目的】花鲈虹彩病毒(Lateolabrax maculatus iridovirus,LMIV)严重威胁花鲈养殖业安全,无特效防控药物,早期诊断在LMIV防控中发挥极其重要的作用。建立一种简便、快捷、准确的现场快速诊断方法,可为LMIV的基层诊断提供技术支撑。【方法】利用交叉引物恒温扩增技术(Cross priming amplification,CPA),针对LMIV ATPase基因高保守区设计1套单交叉引物。以构建的ATPase重组质粒作为阳性模板,对反应体系中的引物浓度比,Bst DNA聚合酶、Betaine、MgSO₄、dNTP浓度,以及反应温度和反应时间进行优化;结合一次性核酸试纸条,建立可视化检测LMIV-CPA的方法。【结果】最优引物浓度比组合为交叉引物CPF1.0μmol/L,引物F3和B3均为0.4μmol/L,探针引物B1(FAM)和B2(Biotin)均为0.8μmol/L;MgSO4浓度为6 mmol/L、Betaine浓度为0.4 mol/L、dNTP浓度为0.6 mmol/L、Bst DNA聚合酶浓度为0.256 U/μL;最佳反应...  相似文献   

Saccharobisindole,Neoasterric Methyl Ester,and 7-Chloro-4(1H)-quinolone: Three New Compounds Isolated from the Marine Bacterium Saccharomonospora sp.     

Sohee Kim  Tu Cam Le  Sang-Ah Han  Prima F. Hillman  Ahreum Hong  Sunghoon Hwang  Young Eun Du  Hiyoung Kim  Dong-Chan Oh  Sun-Shin Cha  Jihye Lee  Sang-Jip Nam  William Fenical 《Marine drugs》2022,20(1)

Analysis of the chemical components from the culture broth of the marine bacterium Saccharomonospora sp. CNQ-490 has yielded three novel compounds: saccharobisindole (1), neoasterric methyl ester (2), and 7-chloro-4(1H)-quinolone (3), in addition to acremonidine E (4), pinselin (5), penicitrinon A (6), and penicitrinon E (7). The chemical structures of the three novel compounds were elucidated by the interpretation of 1D, 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) data. Compound 2 generated weak inhibition activity against Bacillus subtilis KCTC2441 and Staphylococcus aureus KCTC1927 at concentrations of 32 μg/mL and 64 μg/mL, respectively, whereas compounds 1 and 3 did not have any observable effects. In addition, compound 2 displayed weak anti-quorum sensing (QS) effects against S. aureus KCTC1927 and Micrococcus luteus SCO560.  相似文献   

寄主植物中抑制十字花科黑腐病菌Ⅲ型分泌系统小分子化合物的鉴定     

蓝逆寒  苏德山  周乐  覃霞  黄佩芳  杨梅  姜伯乐 《植物病理学报》2019,49(2):262-270

 寻找抑制植物病原菌III型分泌系统的植物源活性小分子化合物,是研发生物安全农药的重要途径之一。本研究采用水煮提取法从十字花科黑腐病菌寄主植物满身红萝卜中提取分离活性小分子化合物,利用高效液相-质谱联用解析出活性物质的单体结构。然后用荧光素酶基因luxAB构建融合报告系统以及定量PCR检测活性物质对十字花科黑腐病菌III型分泌系统的抑制效果,最后采用剪叶接种和压渗接种的方法研究活性小分子物质对十字花科黑腐病菌的生防作用。研究表明,植物鞘氨醇和二氢鞘氨醇对十字花科黑腐病菌III型分泌系统基因的转录表达有一定程度的抑制作用,但是对I、II、IV型分泌系统基因的表达没有明显的抑制作用。植物鞘氨醇在XCM1上影响菌的生长,而二氢鞘氨醇不影响菌的生长。同时,还发现这两种物质能显著降低Xcc在寄主植株满身红萝卜上的病害症状以及能够使Xcc在非寄主植物辣椒上引起过敏反应的能力丧失。该研究结果为深入研究小分子化合物对十字花科黑腐病菌III型分泌系统的作用机制及后续开发植物源抑制剂提供了一定的理论依据。  相似文献   

几种工程措施对黄土区陡峭边坡植被盖度的影响及其机理     

刘乐  孙宏义  张建新  李东泽 《干旱区研究》2019,36(4):1041-1048

陡削以兰州新区的一段陡峭边坡作为试验地点,通过分析在植被重建初期经人工整地后形成的4种微地形(大圆形坑、小圆形坑、条形坑和原状坡面)的植被盖度特征及环境因子(土壤硬度和水分、地表和空气温度、坡位、无纺布)对植被盖度的影响,探寻能有效提高植被盖度的几种工程改造措施。研究表明:①铺设了无纺布坡面的植被盖度显著大于对照坡面;陡峭边坡不同坡位的植被盖度:下坡位>中坡位>上坡位(P<0.05),这与自然坡面植被盖度分布规律一致。②3种微地形的植被盖度均显著大于陡峭坡面,其中条形坑的土壤水分和植被盖度最大,最大盖度维持的时间最长。③微地形和坡面的植被盖度均与土壤水分呈显著正相关,与空气温度、地表温度均呈显著负相关;微地形的土壤硬度(3kg·cm^-2)适宜植物生长,大于该值会对植被生长产生抑制作用;铺设无纺布有利于促进上坡位的植被生长,使坡面植被分布更均匀。研究结果表明,在陡峭边坡坡度、坡位和温度等无法改变的情况下,选择对压实的坡面进行整地翻耕处理,增加长条坑的数量并铺设无纺布等有效的工程改造措施,能显著增加植被盖度,促进植被恢复。  相似文献