Brazil. New industry taxes boost science budget     

Vieira CL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,291(5509):1685

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Forest area predicts all dimensions of small mammal and lizard diversity in Amazonian insular forest fragments     

Palmeirim  Ana Filipa  Farneda  Fábio Z.  Vieira  Marcus Vinícius  Peres  Carlos A. 《Landscape Ecology》2021,36(12):3401-3418

Landscape Ecology - Although hydropower development is one of the primary drivers of habitat loss and insular fragmentation, its impacts on species identity and their functional and phylogenetic...  相似文献   

Protein kinase G from pathogenic mycobacteria promotes survival within macrophages     

Walburger A  Koul A  Ferrari G  Nguyen L  Prescianotto-Baschong C  Huygen K  Klebl B  Thompson C  Bacher G  Pieters J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,304(5678):1800-1804

Pathogenic mycobacteria resist lysosomal delivery after uptake into macrophages, allowing them to survive intracellularly. We found that the eukaryotic-like serine/threonine protein kinase G from pathogenic mycobacteria was secreted within macrophage phagosomes, inhibiting phagosome-lysosome fusion and mediating intracellular survival of mycobacteria. Inactivation of protein kinase G by gene disruption or chemical inhibition resulted in lysosomal localization and mycobacterial cell death in infected macrophages. Besides identifying a target for the control of mycobacterial infections, these findings suggest that pathogenic mycobacteria have evolved eukaryotic-like signal transduction mechanisms capable of modulating host cell trafficking pathways.  相似文献   

Cell proliferation and expression of connexins differ in melanotic and amelanotic canine oral melanomas     

Tarso Felipe Teixeira  Luciana Boffoni Gentile  Tereza Cristina da Silva  Gregory Mennecier  Lucas Martins Chaible  Bruno Cogliati  Marco Antonio Leon Roman  Marco Antonio Gioso  Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(1):29-38

Melanoma is a malignant neoplasm occurring in several animal species, and is the most frequently found tumor in the oral cavity in dogs. Melanomas are classified into two types: melanotic and amelanotic. Prior research suggests that human amelanotic melanomas are more aggressive than their melanotic counterparts. This study evaluates the behavior of canine melanotic and amelanotic oral cavity melanomas and quantifies cell proliferation and the expression of connexins. Twenty-five melanomas (16 melanotic and 9 amelanotic) were collected from dogs during clinical procedures at the Veterinary Hospital of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the University of São Paulo, Brazil. After diagnosis, dogs were followed until death or euthanasia. Histopathology confirmed the gross melanotic or amelanotic characteristics and tumors were classified according to the WHO. HMB45 or Melan A immunostainings were performed to confirm the diagnosis of amelanotic melanomas. Cell proliferation was quantified both by counting mitotic figures and PCNA positive nuclei. Expressions of connexins 26 and 43 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blot. Dogs bearing amelanotic melanomas presented a shorter lifespan in comparison to those with melanotic melanomas. Cell proliferation was significantly higher in amelanotic melanomas. Expressions of Connexins 26 and 43 were significantly reduced in amelanotic melanomas. The results presented here suggest that oral cavity melanotic and amelanotic melanomas differ regarding their behavior, cell proliferation and connexin expression in dogs, indicating a higher aggressiveness of amelanotic variants.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the spatial and temporal distribution of and risk factors for Bluetongue serotype 1 epidemics in sheep Extremadura (Spain), 2007–2011     

Ana V. Pascual-Linaza  Beatriz Martínez-López  Dirk U. Pfeiffer  José Carlos Moreno  Cristina Sanz  José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2014

Extremadura has been one of the regions in Spain most severely affected by Bluetongue (BT) epidemics. The first incursion of BTV, which was successfully eradicated one year later, occurred in 2004, involving the BTV-serotype 4. However, a second incursion occurred in September 2007, this time involving serotype 1. Since then, the implementation of intensive vaccination programs have significantly reduced BTV-1 occurrence, but the disease has not been completely eradicated yet.  相似文献   

Effects of Low-Fat High-Fibre Diet and Mitratapide on Body Weight Reduction, Blood Pressure and Metabolic Parameters in Obese Dogs     

Cristina PE?A  Lourdes SUAREZ  Inmaculada BAUTISTA-CASTA?O  M. Candelaria JUSTE  Elena CARRETóN  José Alberto MONTOYA-ALONSO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(9):1305-1308

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Study of the Chemical Changes and Evolution of Microbiota During Sourdoughlike Fermentation of Wheat Bran     

Federica Manini  Milena Brasca  Carme Plumed‐Ferrer  Stefano Morandi  Daniela Erba  Maria Cristina Casiraghi 《Cereal Chemistry》2014,91(4):342-349

Several studies have emphasized the possibility of enhancing nutritional properties of cereal by‐products through biotechnological processes. Bran fermentation positively affects the bioavailability of several functional compounds. Moreover, bran fermentation could increase water‐extractable arabinoxylans (WEAX), compounds with positive effects on glucose metabolism and prebiotic properties. This study was aimed at increasing the amount of bran bioactive compounds through a sourdoughlike fermentation process. Wheat bran fermentations were conducted through continuous propagation by back‐slopping of fermented bran (10% inoculum) until a stable microbiota was established, reaching high counts of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts (10⁹ and 10⁷ CFU/g, respectively). At each refreshment step, bacterial strains were isolated, clustered, molecularly analyzed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, and identified at the species level by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus sakei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Pichia fermentans dominated the stable sourdough ecosystem. After fermentation, levels of soluble fiber increased (+30%), and WEAX and free ferulic acid were respectively fourfold and tenfold higher than in raw bran, results probably related to microbial xylan‐degrading activity, whereas phytic acid was completely degraded. These preliminary data suggest that fermented bran could be considered an interesting functional ingredient for nutritional enhancement.  相似文献   

ATP,ADP and AMP dephosphorylation in membrane fractions of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhamdia quelen</Emphasis> exposed to different temperatures     

C.?L.?Lermen  V.?L.?P.?Vieira  M.?R.?C.?Schetinger  R.?Lappe  C.?R.?Gioda  M.?R.?Crestani  B.?Baldisserotto  V.?M.?MorschEmail author 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2005,31(4):295-301

The silver catfish Rhamdia quelen is a teleost species from South America that can resist cold winters and grow quickly in the summer, representing an important species for aquaculture in both temperate and subtropical climates. NTPDase and 5′-nucleotidase are enzymes responsible for the sequence of ATP dephosphorylation to adenosine in a variety of organs. This enzymatic cascade permits the resultant adenosine to be taken up by the cells. In the present study, membrane fractions of brain, liver and kidney from fish Rhamdia quelen exposed to 15, 23 and 31 °C for 21 days (chronic) or 12 h (acute) were incubated with ATP, ADP and AMP as substrates. In the 21 day experiment the results showed that ATP hydrolysis was enhanced by the increase in temperature in all tissues, except for 31 °C in the brain. NTPDase hydrolysis using ADP as substrate showed a behavior similar to that observed for ATP hydrolysis, except for 31 °C, when the behavior was similar to that observed at 15 °C in the brain. 5′-Nucleotidase activity using AMP as substrate raised with increasing temperature in the three tissues studied. In the 12 h experiment the results obtained for the three temperatures did not differ significantly from each other for any of the tissues. We conclude that after a period of 21 days temperature may affect the activity of NTPDase and 5′-nucleotidase, important enzymes implicated in nucleotide degradation.  相似文献   

Technological Properties of Biodegradable Films Produced with Myofibrillar Proteins Extracted from Gilded cat-fish (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii) Carcasses and Parings     

Jáira Thayse Souza Batista  Cleidiane Da Silva Araújo Matias  Maurício Madson Dos Santos Freitas  Gisélia De Sousa Nascimento  Lorena Limão Vieira  Lúcia De Fátima Henriques Lourenço 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2020,29(3):238-252

ABSTRACT

This paper aimed to investigate whether the type of fish residue used for extraction of myofibrillar proteins (MP) impacts the technological properties of biodegradable films. The MPs were extracted from two types of Gilded cat-fish (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii) residues: (1) carcass with muscle attached from the production of mechanically separated meat (MSM) and (2) parings from fillet trimming (PAR). The percentage composition and color of the MPs from MSM (P-MSM) and parings (P-PAR) significantly differed, mainly regarding the ash and lipid contents. The presence of these non-protein compounds in P-MSM led to the formation of films with inferior technological and thermal properties, which indicates the type of residue used impacted the film properties.  相似文献   

Are neighboring trees in tune? Wood formation in Pinus pinaster     

Joana Vieira  Sergio Rossi  Filipe Campelo  Cristina Nabais 《European Journal of Forest Research》2014,133(1):41-50

Neighboring trees growing under identical environmental conditions can exhibit different dynamics and periods of growth. Despite the recent advances in cambial biology, the exogenous and endogenous factors generating asynchronous xylem growths still remain undetermined. This study investigated timings and duration of xylem formation in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) from an even-aged plantation in Portugal growing under Mediterranean climate. Cambial phenology and stem diameter were monitored weekly, from March to December 2010, on two classes of trees divided according to the tree ring widths of the last 15 years, but similar age and size: fast- and slow-growing trees. We tested the hypothesis that differences in tree ring widths result from cell production which in turn affects timings of xylogenesis and that the bimodal growth pattern, typical of the Mediterranean, originates from a double reactivation of the cambium: in spring and autumn. Cambial activity started earlier and ended later in fast-growing trees, confirming that cell production is a key factor determining the duration of xylogenesis. Intra-annual variations in stem diameter recorded by band dendrometers revealed two peaks of increment occurring in spring and late summer. However, the number of cambial cells did not increase in late summer, which suggested that the second peak of increment was caused by stem rehydration, rather than by a reactivation of cell division. These results demonstrated that the variability in the timings of xylem phenology observed among trees of the same age and size and growing under similar environmental conditions was closely related to cell production and not to age or size per se.  相似文献