Cutaneous asthenia in the dog. A report of two cases   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P H Poulsen  M K Thomsen  F Kristensen 《Nordisk veterinaermedicin》1985,37(5):291-297

Two cases of cutaneous asthenia in Danish dogs are described. Case 1 was a Weimeraner; case 2 a Golden Retriever. In both instances the dogs had acquired numerous lesions of the skin within the first half year of their lives. The wounds exhibited good healing but led to broad, thin and pliable scars. Both dogs had in several instances received attention to gaping wounds, characterized by little tendency of bleeding. The clinical examination reveiled that the skin was hyperextensible and possessed pendulous folds, particularly behind the elbows. The degree of hyperextensibility was evaluated by means of a skin extensibility index. Furthermore, it was possible to manipulate the digital cushion in an unphysiological manner. One of the dogs were euthanised, and in case 2 the clinical diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. No conclusion could be drawn regarding the mode of inheritance in the two cases, but existing literature strongly suggests the existence of a genetic disposition and thus, elimination of the disease related gene from any breeding program is of great importance.  相似文献   

Contact dermatitis in the dog. A review and a clinical study     

M K Thomsen  F Kristensen 《Nordisk veterinaermedicin》1986,38(3):129-147

Allergic, irritative and photosensitive contact dermatitides make up a group of dermatoses which have traditionally been associated with some difficulties in diagnostication. The reason for this is the problems encountered in setting up, keeping in place, and reading the patch test which is the diagnostic tool relevant to veterinary practice. In the present study, a review of the disease complex is given, and a clinical study, dealing with allergic contact dermatitis, performed with materials and methods available to the small animal practitioner, is discussed with regards to symptomatology, diagnostic work, and therapy. With appropriate management, consisting in an attempt to eliminate the offending item(s), and glucocorticoid therapy adjusted to the clinical response, the disease carries a good prognosis.  相似文献   

Loser cows in Danish dairy herds: risk factors     

Thomsen PT  Østergaard S  Houe H  Sørensen JT 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2007,79(2-4):136-154

The objective of our study was to evaluate risk factors for the loser cow state in Danish dairy herds. A loser cow was defined on the basis of a clinical examination of the individual cow. Recordings of clinical signs were converted into a loser cow score and all cows with a loser cow score of 8 or more were defined as loser cows. We used correspondence analysis to give a first indication of the associations between the proportion of loser cows in the herd and potential risk factors. Risk factors were evaluated both at the herd level (39 herds) and at the cow level (6451 cows) using logistic regression. Conventional herds with a high average somatic cell count, hard cubicles and no grazing seem to be associated with a high proportion of loser cows. Odds ratio for the loser cow state was 4.18 in conventional herds compared to organic herds. Odds ratio for the loser cow state was 1.87 for an increase in average weighted mean bulk tank somatic cell count of 100,000 cells per ml. We found a statistically significant interaction between stall surface and the use of grazing. Odds ratio for the loser cow state in herds with soft cubicles and the use of grazing was 0.09 compared to herds with hard cubicles and no grazing. At the cow level, odds ratio for the loser cow state increases significantly with increasing parity. Odds ratios for the loser cow state were 1, 2.59 and 6.74 for parity 1, 2, and 3 or older, respectively. Odds ratio for the loser cow state was significantly higher (3.38) for cows giving birth to twins at the last calving before the scoring. Additionally, cows scored on pasture had a significantly lower odds ratio (0.26) for the loser cow state compared to cows scored in the barn.  相似文献   

Increased expression of endothelin B receptor in static stretch exposed porcine mitral valve leaflets     

Pedersen LG  Zhao J  Yang J  Thomsen PD  Gregersen H  Hasenkam JM  Smerup M  Pedersen HD  Olsen LH 《Research in veterinary science》2007,82(2):232-238

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Long-Term Changes in Forest Growth: Potential Effects of Nitrogen Deposition and Acidification     

Nellemann  Christian  Thomsen  Mette Goul 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,128(3-4):197-205

In spite of numerous experimental studies, it has, sofar, not been possible to link historic changes inforest growth to acid deposition at regional scales,partly due to difficulties in modeling the ecologicalcomplexity of forests. We analyzed radial incrementdata from increment cores from >31 000 spruce forestplots in southern Norway from 1954–1996. Using acombination of a bio-stratification model to controlconfounding factors, and a catchment model foracidification, we demonstrate for the first time aspatial and temporal co-variation between forestgrowth and both nitrogen deposition and acidification,as indicated by acidity critical loads exceedances.Increases in growth during the 1960–1970s, followed bya subsequent decline in the 1980–1990s, were bestexplained by combined actions of acidification,nitrogen deposition and climatic stress on forestgrowth. While forest conditions varyprimarily with natural growing conditions, the resultssuggest that boreal forests are sensitive to moderatelevels of nitrogen and sulphur deposition whereacidity critical loads are low, and that effects maybe observed over relatively short time scales.  相似文献   

Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials     

Erica Spotswood  Kate L Bradley  Johannes MH Knops 《BMC ecology》2002,2(1):2

Background  

Herbivory can affect every aspect of a plant's life. Damaged individuals may show decreased survivorship and reproductive output. Additionally, specific plant species (legumes) and tissues (flowers) are often selectively targeted by herbivores, like deer. These types of herbivory influence a plant's growth and abundance. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of leaf and meristem removal (simulated herbivory within an exclosure) on fruit and flower production in four species (Rhus glabra, Rosa arkansana, Lathyrus venosus, and Phlox pilosa) which are known targets of deer herbivory.  相似文献   

A study of the dynamics of digital dermatitis in 742 lactating dairy cows     

Nielsen BH  Thomsen PT  Green LE  Kaler J 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2012,104(1-2):44-52

Digital dermatitis (DD) is a contagious disease of cattle affecting the skin of the claw. The disease presents with a range of severities and can be associated with lameness. Information about the disease dynamics of DD is scarce. Parity and lactation stage have been identified as risk factors for DD and studies have also indicated that not all cows are equal regarding their risk of recurrent disease and prospects for cure from DD. The aim of this study was to investigate host heterogeneity to DD and to identify disease patterns of DD and factors associated with the development and resolution of lesions. In three commercial dairy herds, 742 lactating cows were observed for DD lesions weekly for 11 or 12 weeks. The effects of parity, lactation stage and duration of preceding episode on the hazard of transitions between healthy and lesion states were analysed using a multilevel multistate discrete-time model. One or more DD lesions were observed in 460 cows and lesions were observed in 2426 out of 10,585 observations. In total, 1755 uncensored episodes with DD lesions were observed. Early lactation was associated with a reduced risk of developing lesions compared with mid and late lactation. Lesions that developed in late lactation had a greater likelihood of resolution compared with lesions that developed during early lactation. There was a reduced risk of lesions developing in parity 3 compared with parity 1 cows, but an increased risk of lesions developing in parity 2 compared with parity 1 cows. In the present study, the mean duration of uncensored DD episodes was 1.7 weeks indicating that the duration of the majority of DD lesions might be shorter than the 42 days reported previously. The transitions between disease states suggest that DD is a dynamic disease, and that the early stage lesions are more transient than expected from previous studies. We conclude that studies with shorter observation intervals than one week are needed to fully understand and describe the individual and group dynamics of DD.  相似文献   

A comparative study of the effects of intramuscular administration of gonadorelin,mating and intrauterine infusion of either raw seminal plasma or seminal plasma purified β‐NGF on luteal development in llamas          下载免费PDF全文

M Silva  F Urra  C Ulloa‐Leal  MH Ratto 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(4):625-631

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the intramuscular administration of 50 μg of gonadorelin acetate versus natural mating, intrauterine infusion (i.u.) of a physiological relevant dose of either raw llama seminal plasma (SP) or purified beta‐nerve growth factor from seminal origin (spβ‐NGF) on ovulation rate and corpus luteum (CL) development and function in llamas. Females with a follicle (≥8 mm) were assigned to groups: (i) i.m. administration of 50 μg of gonadorelin acetate (GnRH; positive control; n = 4); (ii) single mating (mating; n = 6); (iii) i.u. infusion of 4 ml of llama SP (SP; n = 4); or (iv) i.u. infusion of 10 mg of spβ‐NGF contained in 4 ml of PBS (phosphate‐buffered saline) (spβ‐NGF; n = 6). Ovaries were examined by power Doppler ultrasonography at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hr after treatment to determine preovulatory follicle vascularization area (VA), and additionally every 12 hr until Day 2 (Day of treatment = Day 0) to determine ovulation. Afterwards, ovaries were examined every other day until Day 8 to evaluate CL diameter and VA. Blood samples were collected on Days 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 to determine plasma progesterone (P4) concentration. Ovulation rate did not differ (p = .7) among groups, but treatment affected (p < .0001) preovulatory follicle VA. Neither treatment administration nor treatment by time interaction affected (p ≥ .4) CL diameter, VA and plasma P4 concentration. Mating tended (p = .08) to increase CL VA when compared to the seminal plasma group by Day 8. Intrauterine administration of seminal plasma or spβ‐NGF does not increase CL size and function when compared to i.m. GnRH treatment, suggesting that the administration route of spβ‐NGF influences its luteotrophic effect in llamas.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of intra‐articular morphine in horses with lipopolysaccharide‐induced synovitis     

Casper Lindegaard  Anna B Frost  Maj H Thomsen  Claus Larsen  Steen Honoré Hansen  Pia Haubro Andersen 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2010,37(2):186-195

ObjectiveTo describe the pharmacokinetics of intra-articularly (IA) administered morphine.Study designExperimental randomized, cross-over study.AnimalsEight adult healthy mixed breed horses aged 6.5 ± 2.3 (mean ± SD) years and weighing 535 ± 86 kg.MethodsUnilateral radiocarpal synovitis was induced by IA injection of 3 μg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on two occasions (right and left radiocarpal joint, respectively) separated by a 3-week wash-out period. Treatments were administered 4 hours post-LPS-injection: Treatment IA; preservative free morphine IA (0.05 mg kg^?1) plus saline intravenous (IV) and treatment IV; saline IA plus preservative free morphine IV (0.05 mg kg^?1). Concentrations of morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide and morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) were determined repeatedly in serum and synovial fluid (SF) by high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, at 2 and 4 hours and then at 4 hours intervals until 28 hours post-treatment.ResultsInjection of LPS elicited a marked and comparable synovitis in all LPS-injected radiocarpal joints. IA administered morphine was detectable in SF of all eight joints 24 hours post-treatment and in 6/8 joints 28 hours post-treatment. The terminal half-life of morphine in SF was estimated to be 2.6 hours. IA administration of morphine resulted in mean serum concentrations of morphine below 5 ng mL^?1 from 2 to 28 hours after treatment.Conclusions and clinical relevanceIntra-articularly administered morphine remained within the joint for at least 24 hours. At the same time only very low serum concentrations of morphine and M6G were detected. The present results suggest that IA morphine at 0.05 mg kg^?1 may be used for IA analgesia lasting at least 24 hours and give strong support to the theory that previously observed analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of IA morphine in horses are most likely to be mediated peripherally.  相似文献   

Estimating soil C loss potentials from the C to N ratio     

Ingrid K. Thomsen  Bjørn M. Petersen  Sander Bruun  Lars S. Jensen  Bent T. Christensen 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2008,40(3):849-852

Thirty-seven arable soil samples (0–20 cm depth) ranging in clay content from 4 to 40% and in C to N ratio from 8 to 20 were incubated at ?100 hPa and 20 °C for 238 days. The CO₂-C evolved during days 105–147 and days 0–238 was related to the soil C to N ratio by a power function. We hypothesized the existence of a threshold value for the soil C to N ratio below which CO₂-C evolution remains constant. A soil C to N threshold value of 9.7 was estimated for both incubation periods and the function predicted that the CO₂-C evolution was halved when the soil C to N ratio approached 14. Data obtained by Springob and Kirchmann [Springob, G., Kirchmann, H., 2002. C-rich sandy Ap horizons of specific historical land-use contain large fractions of refractory organic matter. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 34, 1571–1581.] showed a similar relationship, but with a C to N threshold value of 10.8. We suggest that the relationship established between the C to N ratio of a soil and its CO₂-C loss during incubation represents a simple but useful measure for predicting soil C loss potentials on a more general level.  相似文献