Alpha-fetoprotein in Canine Multicentric Lymphoma     

Lechowski R  Jagielski D  Hoffmann-Jagielska M  Zmudzka M  Winnicka A 《Veterinary research communications》2002,26(4):285-296

The concentrations of AFP were evaluated in the sera from groups of healthy dogs and of dogs with multicentric lymphoma, before and while receiving chemotherapy. The concentration of AFP was highest in the affected dogs, especially during the fifth stage of lymphoma. Chemotherapy caused a decrease in AFP serum concentration, during both the induction and the maintenance phases of treatment, when compared to the same animals before therapy. Determination of the concentration of AFP in the serum may be an additional indicator in the evaluation of the stage of lymphoma, and of value in assessing the extent of neoplastic infiltration of the liver.  相似文献   

The north-eastern distribution range of European beech a review   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Bolte  Andreas; Czajkowski  Tomasz; Kompa  Thomas 《Forestry》2007,80(4):413-429

Today, European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seems to be a markedlysuccessful tree species in the north-east of its distributionrange. The distribution area may be larger than originally assumed;past forest management is probably the main cause of the contractionin the postglacial European beech range. Numerous attempts consistentlyhave failed to locate a distinct distribution edge for Europeanbeech. Therefore, we define northern and eastern Poland andthe southern regions of the Baltic States as margins of Europeanbeech distribution. Ecophysiological approaches have identifiedthe drought constraints for European beech in terms of (1) thecritical limit for xylem cavitation and loss of hydraulic conductivity,reached at a shoot water potential of –1.9 MPa, and (2)a reduction in gross primary production and total ecosystemrespiration when relative extractable soil water reaches 40and 20 per cent, respectively. However, it is difficult to correlateEuropean beech distribution margins with single macro-climaticfactors. Moreover, the adaptation of European beech populationsand provenances to drought and frost varies. The phenotypicplasticity and evolutionary adaptability of European beech appearto be underestimated. These characteristics may counteract afurther contraction of the European beech range arising fromclimate change in the future.  相似文献   

Transcriptome analysis indicates the involvement of herbicide-responsive and plant–pathogen interaction pathways in the development of resistance to ACCase inhibitors in Apera spica-venti     

Barbara Wrzesińska-Krupa  Tomasz Szmatoła  Tadeusz Praczyk  Aleksandra Obrępalska-Stęplowska 《Pest management science》2023,79(5):1944-1962

  相似文献   

Effects of overstory retention and site preparation on growth of planted white spruce seedlings in deciduous and coniferous dominated boreal plains mixedwoods     

Tomasz Gradowski  Derek Sidders  Tim Keddy  Victor J. Lieffers  Simon M. Landhusser 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008,255(11):3744-3749

Survival and growth of planted white spruce was assessed under partial harvest treatments and different site preparation techniques in mixedwood forests of two compositions prior to logging: deciduous dominated (d-dom) – primarily comprised of mature trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and coniferous dominated (c-dom) – primarily comprised of mature white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss). Levels of overstory retention were 0% (clearcut), 50% and 75% of original basal area, and site preparation techniques were inverted mounding, high speed mixing, scalping and control (no treatment). The survival and growth of white spruce were assessed seven years after planting. The experiment was established as a part of the Ecosystem Management Emulating Natural Disturbance (EMEND) experiment located in northern Alberta, Canada. In the c-dom, the 50% and 75% retention of overstory resulted in reduced growth and survival of white spruce seedlings compared to clearcuts. In contrast, in the d-dom, the seedlings performed best in sites that had 50% of the overstory retained. For the c-dom, the mounding and mixing treatments yielded the best growth of spruce seedlings, while scalping yielded the worst. In the d-dom, spruce growth was highest in sites with the mixing treatment. In the d-dom, growth and survival of the planted spruce was greater than in the c-dom. The natural regeneration of deciduous trees was suppressed by the retention of canopy regardless of original composition.  相似文献   

Competitive interactions for food resources between the invasive Amur sleeper (Perccottus glenii) and threatened European mudminnow (Umbra krameri)     

Joanna Grabowska  Dagmara B&#x;o&#x;ska  Sra Kati  Sndor Alex Nagy  Tomasz Kakareko  Jaros&#x;aw Kobak  Lszl Antal 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(12):2231-2239

Information theory as a consistent framework for quantification and classification of landscape patterns     

Nowosad  Jakub  Stepinski  Tomasz F. 《Landscape Ecology》2019,34(9):2091-2101

Context

Quantitative grouping of similar landscape patterns is an important part of landscape ecology due to the relationship between a pattern and an underlying ecological process. One of the priorities in landscape ecology is a development of the theoretically consistent framework for quantifying, ordering and classifying landscape patterns.

Objective

To demonstrate that the information theory as applied to a bivariate random variable provides a consistent framework for quantifying, ordering, and classifying landscape patterns.

Methods

After presenting information theory in the context of landscapes, information-theoretical metrics were calculated for an exemplar set of landscapes embodying all feasible configurations of land cover patterns. Sequences and 2D parametrization of patterns in this set were performed to demonstrate the feasibility of information theory for the analysis of landscape patterns.

Results

Universal classification of landscape into pattern configuration types was achieved by transforming landscapes into a 2D space of weakly correlated information-theoretical metrics. An ordering of landscapes by any single metric cannot produce a sequence of continuously changing patterns. In real-life patterns, diversity induces complexity—increasingly diverse patterns are increasingly complex.

Conclusions

Information theory provides a consistent, theory-based framework for the analysis of landscape patterns. Information-theoretical parametrization of landscapes offers a method for their classification.

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Effect of tillage and crop management on runoff,soil erosion and organic carbon loss     

Maciej Chowaniak  Tomasz Głąb  Kazimierz Klima  Marcin Niemiec  Tomasz Zaleski  Dagmara Zuzek 《Soil Use and Management》2020,36(4):581-593

Proper management of soil organic matter is an important issue in the context of sustainable agriculture. The intensification of production and the loss of organic carbon associated with agriculture reduce the efficiency of production and the quality of the environment, especially in relation to areas exposed to erosion. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of specific tillage systems and plant cover on the organic carbon losses, as well as on runoff and soil losses, over a 6-year study period following the introduction of no-till. The first factor in the experiment was the tillage system: conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT). The second factor was plant cover: horse bean, spring wheat and winter oilseed rape. The results showed that runoff was 4.3 ± 0.6% higher under NT than under CT, while soil loss was 66.8 ± 2.7% lower under NT than under CT. Compared to CT, NT limited the total organic carbon losses by an average of 46.0 ± 2.9% and organic carbon bound with sediment losses by 53.2 ± 0.7%, whereas for dissolved organic carbon, there were no significant differences for the tillage systems. The anti-erosion effectiveness of NT was lower in the first year, but it increased in subsequent years after the introduction of this tillage system. Plant cover also had a significant impact on organic carbon losses and soil protection. The crops were ranked according to runoff, soil losses and organic carbon losses in the following order from lower to higher losses: winter oilseed rape > spring wheat > horse bean.  相似文献   

Different cultures,different values: The role of cultural variation in public’s WTP for marine species conservation     

Adriana Ressurreição  James Gibbons  Michel Kaiser  Tomaz Ponce Dentinho  Tomasz Zarzycki  Charlotte Bentley  Melanie Austen  Daryl Burdon  Jonathan Atkins  Ricardo S. Santos  Gareth Edwards-Jones 《Biological conservation》2012,145(1):148-159

Understanding the cultural variation in public preference for marine species is a necessary pre-requisite if conservation objectives are to include societal preferences in addition to scientific considerations. We report the results of a contingent study undertaken at three case-study sites: Azores islands (Portugal), Gulf of Gdansk (Poland) and Isles of Scilly (UK). The study considered species richness of five specific marine taxa (mammals, birds, fish, invertebrates and algae) as proxies of marine biodiversity and the aim of analysis was to estimate from a multi-site perspective public’s willingness to pay (WTP) to avoid increased levels of species loss (reduction of species richness) for different marine taxa. Results, based on 1502 face-to-face interviews, showed that income, education and environmental awareness of the respondents were significant predictors of WTP for marine species conservation. Results also indicated that respondents in each of the European locations had different preferences for marine taxa. In the Azores, although mammals and fish were valued highly, small differences occurred in the WTP among different taxa. Respondents in the Isles of Scilly put a relatively low value on fish while algae and marine mammals were highly valued. In Gdansk, respondents defined a clear order of preference for marine mammals > fish > birds > invertebrates and algae. These findings suggested that cultural differences may be important drivers of valuation and undermines the commonly held premise that charismatic/likeable taxa consistently have a disproportionately strong influence on WTP for biodiversity conservation. We conclude that conservation policy must take account of cultural diversity alongside biological diversity.  相似文献   

In vitro effects of meloxicam on the number,Foxp3 expression,production of selected cytokines,and apoptosis of bovine CD25+CD4+ and CD25-CD4+ cells     

Tomasz Ma?lanka  Jerzy Jan Jaroszewski 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2013,14(2):125-134

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of meloxicam (MEL) on selected immune parameters of bovine CD25^highCD4+, CD25^lowCD4+, and CD25-CD4+ cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected from 12-month-old heifers were treated with MEL at a concentration corresponding to the serum level of this medication following administration at the recommended dose (MEL 5 × 10^-6 M) and at a concentration 10 times lower (MEL 5 × 10^-7 M). After 12 and 24 h of incubation with the drug, the percentage of CD25^highCD4+ cells decreased; however, this disturbance was quickly reversed. Furthermore, the absolute number of CD25^highCD4+ cells in the PBMC populations treated with MEL 5 × 10^-6 M for 48 and 168 h was increased. Prolonged (168 h) exposure to the drug increased the percentage of Foxp3+ cells in the CD25^highCD4+ cell subpopulation. The higher dose of MEL was found to significantly increase the percentage of IFN-γ+ cells among the CD25-CD4+ cells. These results indicated that MEL does not exert an immunosuppressive effect by depleting CD4+ cells and suppression of IFN-γ+ production by these cells. Furthermore, IL-10 and TGF-β production was not changed following exposure to MEL.  相似文献   

Determining moisture-dependent elastic characteristics of beech wood by means of ultrasonic waves   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tomasz Ozyhar  Stefan Hering  Sergio J. Sanabria  Peter Niemz 《Wood Science and Technology》2013,47(2):329-341

The present study investigates the influence of moisture content on the elastic characteristics of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) by means of ultrasonic waves. A set of elastic engineering parameters (i.e. three Young’s moduli, three shear moduli and six Poisson’s ratios) is determined at four specific moisture contents. The results reveal the significant influence of the moisture content on the elastic behaviour of beech wood. With the exception of some Poisson’s ratios, the engineering parameters decrease with increasing moisture content, indicating a decline in stiffness at higher moisture contents. At the same time, wood anisotropy, displayed by the two-dimensional representation of the velocity surface, remains almost unchanged. The results prove that the ultrasonic technique is suitable for determining the elastic moduli. However, non-diagonal terms of the stiffness matrix must be considered when calculating the Young’s moduli. This is shown experimentally by comparing the ultrasonic Young’s moduli calculated without, and allowing for, the non-diagonal terms. While the ultrasonic technique is found to be reliable to measure the elastic moduli, based on the measured values, its eligibility to measure the Poisson’s ratios remains uncertain.  相似文献