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本文阐述了竹炭的物理作用、竹醋液的抗菌功能及竹醋液在农业上的应用.可将竹炭埋在土壤中以改变地磁,调节地下的电位差,用以改善和维持人体健康,预防动植物的病虫害.通过在养殖场设置竹醋液池,预防口蹄疫,禽流感等家畜家禽类的传染病.最后介绍了竹炭和竹醋液的功能及其商品开发. 相似文献
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Sato H Hirata N Koketsu K Okaya D Abe S Kobayashi R Matsubara M Iwasaki T Ito T Ikawa T Kawanaka T Kasahara K Harder S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5733):462-464
Devastating earthquakes occur on a megathrust fault that underlies the Tokyo metropolitan region. We identify this fault with use of deep seismic reflection profiling to be the upper surface of the Philippine Sea plate. The depth to the top of this plate, 4 to 26 kilometers, is much shallower than previous estimates based on the distribution of seismicity. This shallower plate geometry changes the location of maximum finite slip of the 1923 Kanto earthquake and will affect estimations of strong ground motion for seismic hazards analysis within the Tokyo region. 相似文献
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Nimitkeatkai H Shishido M Okawa K Ohara H Ban Y Kita M Moriguchi T Ikeura H Hayata Y Kondo S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(12):6423-6429
The effects of the application of the jasmonic acid derivative n-propyl dihydrojasmonate (PDJ) on ethylene biosynthesis, volatile compounds, and endogenous jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) were examined in Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb.) infected by a pathogen (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). The fruit were dipped into 0.4 mM PDJ solution before inoculation with the pathogen and stored at 25 °C for 6 days. The inoculation induced an increase in 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), ethylene, JA, and MeJA. In contrast, PDJ application reduced the endogenous JA, MeJA, and ethylene production and expression of the ACC oxidase gene (PmACO1) caused by the pathogen infection. The lesion diameter with C. gloeosporioides decreased upon PDJ application. The alcohol, ester, ketone, and lactone concentrations and alcohol acyltransferase (AAT) activity increased in the pathogen-infected fruit, but were decreased by PDJ application. These results suggest that PDJ application might influence ethylene production through PmACO1 and that aroma volatile emissions affected by pathogen infection can be correlated with the ethylene production, which is mediated by the levels of jasmonates. 相似文献
36.
Cede SUASTIKA Tomohide NATSUAKI Hirotsugu TERUI Takeshi KANO Hiroyuki IEKI Seiichi OKUDA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):73-77
The complete nucleotide sequence of a seedling-yellows-inducing isolate NUagA of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) was determined. It consisted of 19302 nucleotides and contained 12 open reading frames (ORF) organized identically to
those of previously sequenced isolates. This genome is the largest among the CTV genome sequenced so far ; it is 6 nucleotides
(nt), 76 nt, 43 nt, and 53 nt longer than that of T36 (quick decline, Florida), VT (seedling yellows, Israel), T385 (mild,
Spain), and SY568 (stem pitting, California), respectively. Sequence comparison of NUagA and the other isolates revealed approximately
90% identities throughout the 3′ half of the genome. The 5′ half of the genome was only about 70% identical to that of T36
but still high at about 90% to those of VT, SY568, and T385. Comparison of amino acid sequences on ORF1a encoding polyproteins,
the most variable region, reflects the CTV isolate relationship ; NUagA is closely related to VT, SY568, and T385, but distantly
related to T36.
Received 29 May 2000/ Accepted in revised form 16 November 2000 相似文献
37.
Yoichi Kawazu Takahide Sasaya Toshiyuki Morikawa Keita Sugiyama Tomohide Natsuaki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(1):55-60
The coat protein (CP) gene of Mirafiori lettuce virus (MiLV), a tentative member of the genus Ophiovirus was isolated and sequenced. The established sequence consists of 1514 nucleotides including one open reading frame (ORF)
with 1311 nucleotides that encodes 437 amino acids with a relative molecular mass 48 543. When the ORF was expressed in Escherichia coli, the obtained protein was confirmed as CP by Western blotting using an antiserum against MiLV. Database searches showed that
the CP gene of MiLV has a sequence similar to that of Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV), the type species of the genus Ophiovirus. The comparison between MiLV and CPsV CP genes revealed that the identities of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences were
46.5% and 30.9%, respectively.
Received: July 29, 2002 / Accepted: October 2, 2002 相似文献
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We examined the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on the rates of abnormal morphology in
juvenile brown sole Pseudopleuronectes herzensteini. Larvae during the D–E stages (15–24 days post hatching) were fed live food containing various amounts of DHA and/or EPA
prepared using emulsified oils (DHA ethyl ester, EPA ethyl ester, and corn oil). Larvae during the F–I stages were fed Artemia enriched with a commercial diet supplement. We found that DHA and EPA promoted larval development and improved the incidence
of morphological abnormalities in brown sole juveniles to a similar extent. However, DHA was more effective than EPA in preventing
the appearance of morphological abnormalities in brown sole. The incidence of normal morphology was clearly improved by an
increase of the DHA content in brown sole larvae at 25 days post-hatching. These results suggest that it is important to promote
larval development and feed larvae with live food containing high levels of DHA during the D–E stages to prevent morphological
abnormalities in brown sole juveniles. 相似文献
39.
In the southern part of the East China Sea (ECS), a large spawning ground of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus has recently been found: Larval survival during the period of transport from the spawning ground along the shelf break is
potentially a critical stage prior to recruitment. As such, the distribution of copepod nauplii in this region was investigated
during the main spawning period in 2003–2006. The average naupliar density in 2003 was significantly higher than the other
years along the shelf break, which is a major transport pathway for jack mackerel larvae (sea-surface temperature 20–23°C).
Estimated egg production rates for Paracalanus spp., one of the most dominant genera of copepods in the southern ECS, based on temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration could not fully explain the spatial and annual variation in naupliar distribution and abundance. Although naupliar
densities showed significant positive correlations with chlorophyll-a concentration for all years, an analysis of covariance revealed that naupliar density in 2003 was high even if the effect
of chlorophyll-a concentration was excluded. This suggests that apart from copepod production, adult female distribution plays an important
role in variability of the naupliar distribution and abundance in the southern ECS. 相似文献
40.
Kita M Kato M Ban Y Honda C Yaegaki H Ikoma Y Moriguchi T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(9):3414-3420
To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of carotenogenesis in Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc.), the relationships between carotenoid accumulation and the expression of the carotenogenic genes, phytoene synthase (PmPSY-1), phytoene desaturase (PmPDS), zeta-carotene desaturase (PmZDS), lycopene beta-cyclase (PmLCYb), lycopene epsilon-cyclase (PmLCYe), beta-carotene hydroxylase (PmHYb), and zeaxanthin epoxidase (PmZEP), were analyzed in two cultivars with different ripening traits, 'Orihime' and 'Nanko.' In 'Orihime' fruits, large amounts of carotenoids accumulated on the tree, concomitant with the induction of PmPSY-1 and the downstream carotenogenic genes PmLCYb, PmHYb, and PmZEP. In 'Nanko' fruits, carotenoids accumulated mainly after harvest, correlating with an appreciable induction of PmPSY-1 expression, but the downstream genes were not notably induced, which may explain the lower total carotenoid content in 'Nanko' than in 'Orihime.' In both cultivars, a decrease in PmLCYe expression and increased or constant PmLCYb expression could cause the metabolic shift from beta,epsilon-carotenoid synthesis to beta,beta-carotenoid synthesis that occurs as ripening approaches. Next, the effects of ethylene on the expression of PmPSY-1 and carotenoid accumulation were investigated in 'Nanko' fruits treated with propylene or 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Propylene treatment induced both ethylene production and carotenoid accumulation. PmPSY-1 was constitutively expressed, but propylene treatment accelerated its induction. 1-MCP treatment caused a slight inhibition of carotenoid accumulation along with the repression, although not complete, of PmPSY-1. Collectively, although PmPSY-1 expression was not exclusively regulated by ethylene, both the notable induction of PmPSY-1 accelerated by ethylene and the subsequent induction of the downstream carotenogenic genes, especially PmLCYb, could be necessary for the massive carotenoid accumulation that occurs during ripening. Furthermore, the switch from PmLCYe expression to PmLCYb expression could cause beta,beta-carotenoid accumulation in both Japanese apricot cultivars. 相似文献