Population structure of pigs determined by single nucleotide polymorphisms observed in assembled expressed sequence tags     

Toshimi MATSUMOTO  Naohiko OKUMURA  Hirohide UENISHI  Takeshi HAYASHI  Noriyuki HAMASIMA  Takashi AWATA 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(1):14-22

We have collected more than 190 000 porcine expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from full‐length complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries and identified more than 2800 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In this study, we tentatively chose 222 SNPs observed in assembled ESTs to study pigs of different breeds; 104 were selected by comparing the cDNA sequences of a Meishan pig and samples of three‐way cross pigs (Landrace, Large White, and Duroc: LWD), and 118 were selected from LWD samples. To evaluate the genetic variation between the chosen SNPs from pig breeds, we determined the genotypes for 192 pig samples (11 pig groups) from our DNA reference panel with matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Of the 222 reference SNPs, 186 were successfully genotyped. A neighbor‐joining tree showed that the pig groups were classified into two large clusters, namely, Euro‐American and East Asian pig populations. F‐statistics and the analysis of molecular variance of Euro‐American pig groups revealed that approximately 25% of the genetic variations occurred because of intergroup differences. As the F_IS values were less than the F_ST values_, the clustering, based on the Bayesian inference, implied that there was strong genetic differentiation among pig groups and less divergence within the groups in our samples.  相似文献   

Effect of intramammary infusion of rbGM-CSF on SCC and expression of polymorphonuclear neutrophil adhesion molecules in subclinical mastitis cows     

Ozawa T  Kiku Y  Mizuno M  Inumaru S  Kushibiki S  Shingu H  Matsubara T  Takahashi H  Hayashi T 《Veterinary research communications》2012,36(1):21-27

The effect of rbGM-CSF intramammary infusion on the subclinical mastitis was evaluated by the somatic cell count (SCC) and expression of adhesion molecules (CD62L and CD11b) on the surface of neutrophils (PMN) in blood and milk. Fifteen cows diagnosed to have subclinical mastitis were used in this study. Seven cows showed a decrease in the SCC (decreased group), whereas 8 cows showed an increase in the SCC (increased group) 7 days after infusion of rbGM-CSF compared to pre infusion level. The percentage of CD62+ cells tended to be lower and CD11b+cells tended to be higher at 6 h on blood PMN in the decreased group of cows. Increased group of cows showed opposite tendencies. The mean fluorescent intensity of these adhesion molecules expressed on PMN in blood and milk was similar in both groups. These results suggested some association between expression of adhesion molecules and changes in SCC by rbGM-CSF. Responsiveness of PMN adhesion molecules to rbGM-CSF might determine the changes in SCC of the subclinical mastitic cows after infusion of rbGM-CSF.  相似文献   

Peripheral mononuclear cell response in Japanese black calves after oral administration of IFN-alpha     

Ohtsuka H  Tokita M  Takahashi K  Masui M  Kohiruimaki M  Hayashi T  Ando T  Watanabe D  Kawamura S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(10):1063-1067

To investigate the effects of oral administration of an interferon (IFN)-alpha drug on the immune reaction of healthy Japanese Black (JB) calves, peripheral leukocyte populations and their ability to produce cytokine mRNA were analyzed after oral administration of IFN-alpha. Fourteen calves fed in one herd were divided into two groups; seven calves were orally administered 0.1 g/day of IFN-alpha from the day of birth to day 5 on each day (group 1, N=7), and the other seven calves were used as the control (group 2, N=7). Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of all calves before administration and in weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 after birth. The number of MHC class II+CD14+ monocytes in the leukocytes population of group 1 increased gradually after birth, and significantly higher numbers were detected in week 4 compared with group 2. MHC class II-CD14+ monocytes in group 1 peaked in week 1, and a significant increase was detected compared with group 2. The level of IL-12 in the cytokine mRNA of group 1 increased gradually between weeks 1 and 2, and a significantly higher level of IL-12 was found compared with group 2. These results suggest that oral administration of IFN-alpha induces activation of the monocyte functions in JB calves.  相似文献   

Elevation of serum surfactant protein-A with exacerbation in canine eosinophilic pneumonia     

Katsuhito SONE  Hideo AKIYOSHI  Akiyoshi HAYASHI  Fumihito OHASHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(1):143-146

A 7-year-old female spayed Labrador Retriever was admitted to our hospital, because of cough with sputum. She was diagnosed as having canine eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) based on blood eosinophilia, bronchial pattern and infiltrative shadow observed on thoracic radiography, bronchiolar obstruction and air-space consolidation predominantly affecting the right caudal lung lobe, as revealed by computed tomography (CT), predominant eosinophils in CT-guided fine needle aspiration and the clinical course. She exhibited a good response to steroid therapy, and the cough disappeared. The serum surfactant protein (SP)-A level increased with the aggravated symptom and decreased markedly with improvement compared with the C-reactive protein level and the number of eosinophils. We propose that serum SP-A level is a good biomarker in CEP.  相似文献   

Evaluation of dexmedetomidine and ketamine in combination with opioids as injectable anesthesia for castration in dogs     

Barletta M  Austin BR  Ko JC  Payton ME  Weil AB  Inoue T 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2011,238(9):1159-1167

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Lethal limits of high temperature for two crayfishes, the native species Cambaroides japonicus and the alien species Pacifastacus leniusculus in Japan     

KAZUYOSHI NAKATA a  TATSUO HAMANO  KEN-ICHI HAYASHI  TADASHI KAWAI 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(4):763-767

ABSTRACT: Lethal limits of high temperature were studied to clarify the effects on the survival of the endangered Japanese crayfish species Cambaroides japonicus and the alien species Pacifastacus leniusculus . After the acclimation period for 2 weeks at 16°C, the temperature was raised at a rate of 1°C per week. As a result, the ultimate upper lethal temperatures of C.   japonicus and P.   leniusculus were 27.0 and 31.1°C, respectively, and the lethal temperature for P.   leniusculus was significantly higher than for C.   japonicus . The natural distributions of these two species are discussed in terms of the temperature tolerance.  相似文献   

cDNA cloning of oyster matrix metalloproteinase and its possible involvement in hypoxic adaptation     

Masaya  TAKAGI  Takeshi  KIKKO  Masatomi  HOSOI  Isao  HAYASHI  Haruhiko  TOYOHARA 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(4):682-687

ABSTRACT:   We have cloned a cDNA encoding the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) from oyster Crassostrea gigas . The clone contains a 1797 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 599 amino acids. Oyster MMP (Cg-MMP) has a transmembrane domain at its C-terminal and a furin/prohormone convertase cleavage site at the end of a propeptide domain, which are commonly observed in membrane-type MMPs (MT-MMPs). This suggests that Cg-MMP is an MT-MMP. The deduced amino acid sequence of oyster MMP shares approximately 30% identity with human MT4-MMP and MMPs from fruit fly and hydra. Cg-MMP mRNA was detected in the gill, mantle and adductor muscle, and more intense signals in the northern blot analysis were recognized in the gill and adductor muscle. Similar tissue distribution was observed for tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (Cg-TIMP) in oyster. In response to hypoxic stress, the abundance of Cg-MMP mRNA was elevated in the gill, while that of Cg-TIMP mRNA remained almost constant. These findings suggest that promotion of collagen metabolism may be implicated in the hypoxic adaptation in oyster.  相似文献   

Effects of starvation on RNA : DNA ratio, glycogen content, and C : N ratio in columellar muscle of the Japanese turban shell Turbo (Batillus) cornutus (Gastropoda)     

TAKUJI  OKUMURA  TOSHIKO  NAGASAWA  IKUO  HAYASHI  YOSHINORI  SATO 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(2):306-312

ABSTRACT: The validity of using the RNA : DNA ratio, glycogen content, and C : N ratio in the columellar muscle as indicators of the nutritional condition in the Japanese turban shell Turbo cornutus was examined. These biochemical indices were compared between fed and starved animals. The fed animals were fed brown algae to satiation for 108 days as a control, whereas the starved animals were not fed for the first 75 days and then fed for next 33 days. All three indices declined during the starvation period, and the values for the starved group were significantly lower than those for the fed group during days 20–75. At day 108, after the re-feeding period, the indices for the starved group were found to have increased. Among the indices, only the RNA : DNA ratio for the starved males responded rapidly to starved conditions and became significantly lower even at day 4, and only the RNA : DNA ratio for the starved males and females recovered to those levels of the fed animals at day 108. The results indicated that the RNA : DNA ratio is the most rapid indicator of nutritional stress among the three indices. However, it is recommended that glycogen content and C : N ratio be used in addition to the RNA : DNA ratio for monitoring the health of T. cornutus as the RNA : DNA ratio showed large variations.  相似文献   

Improved rapid and efficient method for Staphylococcus aureus DNA extraction from milk for identification of mastitis pathogens     

Hirotaka UNNO  Mika INADA  Akiyoshi NAKAMURA  Michie HASHIMOTO  Keiko ITO  Koji HASHIMOTO  Masaru NIKAIDO  Tomohito HAYASHI  Eiji HATA  Ken KATSUDA  Yoshio KIKU  Yuichi TAGAWA  Kazuhiro KAWAI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(8):1007-1009

A rapid and efficient DNA extraction method was developed for detecting mastitis pathogens in milk. The first critical step involved cell wall disruption by bead-beating, as physical disruption using beads was more effective for DNA extraction from Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, than enzymatic disruption using proteinase K. The second critical step involves the use of acetic acid and ammonium sulfate in the purification process, as these reagents effectively and efficiently remove the lipids and proteins in milk. Using these methods, DNA suitable for loop-mediated isothermal amplification was obtained within 30 min. Also, the rapid and sensitive detection of S. aureus in milk was possible at levels as low as 200 cfu/ml.  相似文献   

Effect of sevoflurane concentration on visual evoked potentials with pattern stimulation in dogs     

Yosuke ITO  Seiya MAEHARA  Yoshiki ITOH  Miri HAYASHI  Akira KUBO  Takaharu ITAMI  Tomohito ISHIZUKA  Jun TAMURA  Kazuto YAMASHITA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(2):155-160

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sevoflurane concentration on canine visual evoked potentials with pattern stimulation (P-VEPs). Six clinically normal laboratory-beagle dogs were used. The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane was detected from all subjects by tail clamp method. The refractive power of the right eyes of all subjects was corrected to −2 diopters after skiascopy. For P-VEP recording, the recording and reference electrode were positioned at inion and nasion, respectively, and the earth electrode was positioned on the inner surface. To grasp the state of CNS suppression objectively, the bispectral index (BIS) value was used. The stimulus pattern size and distance for VEP recording were constant, 50.3 arc-min and 50 cm, respectively. P-VEPs and BIS values were recorded under sevoflurane in oxygen inhalational anesthesia at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 2.75 sevoflurane MAC. For analysis of P-VEP, the P100 implicit time and N75-P100 amplitude were estimated. P-VEPs were detected at 0.5 to 1.5 MAC in all dogs, and disappeared at 2.0 MAC in four dogs and at 2.5 and 2.75 MAC in one dog each. The BIS value decreased with increasing sevoflurane MAC, and burst suppression began to appear from 1.5 MAC. There was no significant change in P100 implicit time and N75-P100 amplitude with any concentration of sevoflurane. At concentrations around 1.5 MAC, which are used routinely to immobilize dogs, sevoflurane showed no effect on P-VEP.  相似文献