Phenolics composition and antioxidant activity of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jayasinghe C  Gotoh N  Aoki T  Wada S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(15):4442-4449

The antioxidant activity of a methanolic extract of Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil) was examined using different in vitro assay model systems. The crude extract was fractionated on a Sephadex LH-20 column, and six fractions were identified. The DPPH scavenging assay system and the oxidation of the soy phosphotidylcholin liposome model system were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of each fraction. Fraction IV showed the strongest activity followed by fractions V and VI. Phenolic compounds responsible for the antioxidative activity of the fractions were characterized by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major antioxidant compound in fraction IV was confirmed as rosmarinic acid by (1)H NMR and characteristic fragmentations in the mass spectrum. Moreover, the native of antioxidant activity of rosmarinic acid in the liposome system was examined. The results showed that one rosmarinic acid can capture 1.52 radicals, and furthermore, the existence of a synergistic effect between alpha-tocopherol and rosmarinic acid was revealed.  相似文献   

Effects of Rice Flour Blends on Bread Texture and Staling     

Tomoko Sasaki  Kaoru Kohyama  Kanae Miyashita  Tomoya Okunishi 《Cereal Chemistry》2014,91(2):146-151

The effects of blending rice flour with wheat flour on bread texture and staling were investigated with three rice varieties with different amylose contents. For the texture analysis of bread crumb, the compression test, puncture test, and tensile test were performed. A flour blend containing rice flour suppressed the recovery of the crumb after compression. For the puncture test, blends with rice flour increased the distance to penetrate the crumb. The rupture strain measured with the puncture test decreased with staling of the bread crumb for all samples tested. The fresh bread crumb sample containing waxy rice flour had much greater extensibility in the tensile test than the other samples tested, but it was dramatically decreased after one day of storage. Endothermic enthalpies corresponding to retrograded amylopectin, which is part of the staling process, were also measured. The enthalpy of bread crumb from the blended flour was lower than that of wheat flour bread up to three days but was higher on day 4. A blend of rice flour thus reduced amylopectin retrogradation during early storage, but it was accelerated later. Bread blended with waxy rice flour showed the lowest enthalpy during storage.  相似文献   

First demonstration of bovine herpesvirus 2 infection among cattle by neutralization test in Japan     

Imai K  Ishihara R  Nishimori T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(3):317-320

Seroepidemiological surveys were performed on neutralizing antibody to bovine herpesvirus 2 (BoHV-2) among cattle in Japan. A total of 1,819 sera were collected from cattle in 27 prefectures from 1997 to 1998. Antibodies were detected in only 18 sera collected from 4 prefectures. However, the most prevalent areas of the infection were found in two islands located in the subtropical zone. Additional 353 sera were collected in three including these islands in 1999-2001.The antibody-positive rates in the farms in these islands ranged from 10% to 81.1%. It was confirmed that BoHV-2 was prevalent in these areas. However, the infection seemed to be latent, because no diseases have been noticed. This is the first report showing the presence of BoHV-2 infection among cattle in Japan.  相似文献   

Comparison of estrus induction and subsequent fertility with two different intravaginal devices in ewes during the non-breeding season     

Kohno H  Okamoto C  Iida K  Takeda T  Kaneko E  Kawashima C  Miyamoto A  Fukui Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2005,51(6):805-812

Two experiments were conducted to compare the effect of estrus induction by controlled internal drug release (CIDR) and intravaginal cream containing 500 mg progesterone (P cream) in ewes during the non-breeding season. In the first experiment, twenty-four ewes were randomly grouped for two treatments with the different intravaginal devices for 12 days: Group A was the CIDR group and Group B was the P cream group. Blood was collected from all treated ewes, and progesterone (P(4)), estradiol 17-beta (E(2)) and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were measured by enzyme immunoassay. In the second experiment, the conception rates from natural mating, estrus-detected AI (inseminated 12 h after estrus detection), or fixed-time AI (inseminated 42 h after removal of an intravaginal device) in 127 ewes treated with CIDR or P cream were compared. In Experiment 1, the rate of estrus induction and the time of estrus onset after device removal were 91.7% and 36.3 +/- 15.7 h in Group A, and 100% and 35.0 +/- 12.6 h in Group B, respectively. There were no significant differences between the devices. The mean plasma P(4) concentration in Group B was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than Group A between day -9 and day -1 (Day 0: the day of device removal). However, no significant differences were found in the mean E(2) concentrations of the two groups after treatment. The mean time of estrus onset in ewes with an observed LH surge and the time of LH surge after treatment were 23.3 +/- 8.7 h and 30.3 +/- 5.0 h for Group A and 27.6 +/- 6.5 and 26.3 +/- 8.0 h for Group B, respectively, and there were no significant differences. However, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was found in the mean time from the time of estrus onset to LH surge between Group A (6.4 +/- 6.7 h) and Group B (-1.3 +/- 4.1 h). In Experiment 2, the conception rates for natural mating, estrus-detected AI, and fixed-time AI were 55.0, 29.4, and 25.0% for Group A and 40.7, 25.0, and 42.1% for Group B, respectively, and there were no significant differences. These results suggest that the effect of induction of estrus and ovulation and the rate of conception after treatment were comparable to CIDR even though the plasma P(4) concentration of the P cream method tended to be low during the insertion period.  相似文献   

Fipronil modulation of GABAA receptor single-channel currents   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Ikeda T  Nagata K  Kono Y  Yeh JZ  Narahashi T 《Pest management science》2004,60(5):487-492

Fipronil is the first phenylpyrazole insecticide introduced for pest control. Although fipronil is known to inhibit GABA receptors, the detailed mechanism of action remains to be seen. In order to elucidate the mechanism of fipronil interaction with the mammalian GABAA system, single-channel patch clamp experiments were performed using rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. The amplitude of main conductance state (27pS) current was not significantly altered by co-application of 10 microM fipronil and 10 microM GABA. The histograms of open time distribution were fitted to a sum of three exponential functions. After application of 10 microM fipronil, the proportion of the fastest component increased slightly and that of the slowest component decreased slightly. Thus, the mean open time was decreased from 11.4 ms to 7.8 ms by fipronil. The histograms of closed time distribution were fitted to a sum of four exponential functions. Fipronil 10 microM prolonged the slowest time constant resulting in a prolongation of the mean closed time from 29.7 ms to 52.8 ms. Thus, the frequency of channel openings was reduced. Thus, the fipronil suppression of GABA-induced whole-cell currents is caused in part by decreases in the channel open time and the frequency of channel openings.  相似文献   

Analysis of a full-length cDNA library constructed from swine olfactory bulb for elucidation of expressed genes and their transcription initiation sites   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Fujisaki S  Sugiyama A  Eguchi T  Watanabe Y  Hiraiwa H  Honma D  Saito T  Yasue H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(1):15-23

  相似文献   

Serological evidence of akabane virus infection in northern Israel in 2001   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Brenner J  Tsuda T  Yadin H  Kato T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(4):441-443

In February 2002 the first cases of a "blind newborn calves" syndrome with hydranencephaly appeared in Israel. Eighty-one serum samples, from 54 animals on farms where the syndrome was recorded and 27 others from unaffected farms were examined by neutralization of Akabane virus (AKAV, strain OBE-1) by the micro-titer method. Forty-seven of the 54 samples from the affected farms contained high serum neutralization titers against AKAV (mean SN titer 79.5 and +/- 44.7, standard deviation), whereas only one of the 27 samples from the unaffected farms was positive (titer of 8). These results suggest that the vector(s) of AKAV was circulating in Israel in August through December, 2001.  相似文献   

The effect of intermittent administration of sustained release isosorbide dinitrate (sr-ISDN) in rats with volume overload heart   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shimamura S  Ohsawa T  Kobayashi M  Hirao H  Shimizu M  Tanaka R  Yamane Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(1):49-54

Recently, it has been reported that intermittent administration of nitrate, with a nitrate-free interval of 10 to 12 hr eliminated expression of tolerance, and maintained its hypotensive effect. In the present study, we evaluated whether nitrate tolerance developed or not with an intermittent administration of sr-ISDN (5 mg/kg/ once a day) in Wistar rats. The effect of this administration protocol for sr-ISDN on the volume overload heart model, aortovenous fistula, was also examined. Furthermore, blood pressure was monitored by radio telemetry during sr-ISDN (5 mg/kg/once a day) administration. Nitrate tolerance did not develop, and eccentric hypertrophy due to volume overload was moderated by sr-ISDN administration. Sr-ISDN administration maintained blood pressure lower level than the placebo group. In conclusion, prolonged intermittent administration of sr-ISDN maintained its hypotensive effect during the entire experiment period, without developing tolerance, and moderated efferent hypertrophy with attenuated volume overload.  相似文献   

Protective effect of botulinum C/D mosaic toxoid against avian botulism     

Takeda M  Kasai H  Torii Y  Mukamoto M  Kohda T  Tsukamoto K  Kozaki S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(4):325-330

Avian botulism is a paralytic disease caused by a toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum type C. Since type C isolates from cases of avian botulism produced a neurotoxin consisting of a mosaic form of parts of type C and D neurotoxins, we examined the antitoxin titers in the convalescent sera of botulism-affected birds which belonged to family Anatidae. ELISA using the C/D mosaic neurotoxin as an antigen revealed that the antibody was detected in the sera at 2 weeks, but not at 5 weeks after the onset, suggesting that the antibody only appeared for a short period in the convalescent phase. However, we failed to detect the antibody titers with anti-chicken IgG instead of anti-duck IgG. We therefore examine the immunological properties of IgG among different families and species. The results revealed that different species of IgG in the same family exhibited strong cross-reactivity. Ducks immunized once with the toxoid together with a commercial oil-adjuvanted vaccine were found to develop sufficient antibody to protect against a challenge with a lethal toxin dose. The ELISA titers did not correspond to the neutralization titers in the sera of immunized ducks at the early stage during immunization. These findings suggest that the neutralizing titer was more useful than the ELISA titer for evaluating the protection against the toxin, but the ELISA technique may be applicable for detecting the occurrence of botulism.  相似文献   

A case of feline pancreatitis     

Sakai M  Harada K  Matsumura H  Takahashi T  Koie H  Yamaya Y  Watari T  Shibuya H  Sato T  Tokuriki M  Hasegawa A 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(12):1331-1333

A 14-year-old, spayed female, domestic shorthair cat was referred to us with anorexia, pyrexia, and jaundice. Total bilirubin (TBIL) and feline trypsin-like immunoreactivity (fTLI) levels were remarkably high. Based on laparoscopic biopsy of the pancreas, the cat was diagnosed as having pancreatitis. As a result of treatment with a synthetic protease inhibitor and corticosteroid, the TBIL and fTLI values returned to normal and the clinical course was good.  相似文献