Quantitative structure-activity study of herbicidal N-aryl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimides and related cyclic imides     

Hiroki Ohta  Tetsuo Jikihara  Ko Wakabayashi  Toshio Fujita 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1980,14(2):153-160

The quantitative relationship between structure and inhibitory activity against the root growth of sawa millet of 30 N-aryl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimides and 88 related N-aryl cyclic imide compounds (3-aryl-1,5-tetramethylenehydantoins, 4-aryl-1,2-tetramethylenetriazolidine-3,5-diones, and their thiocarbonyl analogs) was analyzed by means of physicochemical parameters of the aryl substituents and regression analysis. The results showed that, in each series of these classes of compounds, the position-specific steric effects of aromatic substituents, as represented by Verloop's STERIMOL values, are highly important in determining the inhibitory potency of the compound.  相似文献   

Development of furnished cages re‐using conventional cages for laying hens: Behaviour,physical condition and productivity          下载免费PDF全文

Tsuyoshi Shimmura  Naoko Maekawa  Satoshi Hirahara  Toshio Tanaka  Michael C. Appleby 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(2):498-504

Furnished cages for laying hens have advantages in allowing normal behaviors and maintaining productivity. As the cost of introduction is a barrier for farms, we developed furnished cages that re‐use conventional cages. To determine the minimum and functional cage design, we compared six designs, combinations of two floor designs (artificial turf or wire cage floor) and three screening designs in the integrated area (no screening, one entrance side or four sides). In total, 144 hens were used, and we measured behavior, physical condition and productivity. Comparing the floors, the percentages of hens performing dust‐bathing and laying eggs in the integrated area were higher in cages with turf than wire floor (P < 0.05 for both). Comparing the screening, dust‐bathing, litter‐exploring and active behavior tended to be more frequent in cages with the integrated area screened on one side than four sides. Feather damage was lower in cages with the integrated area screened on one side than with no screening (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the cage design with an integrated area with artificial turf floor, screened on one side, was effective for furnished cages that re‐use conventional cages.  相似文献   

Flood vulnerability assessment in the light of rice cultivation characteristics in Mekong River flood plain in Cambodia     

Okazumi  Toshio  Tanaka  Shigenobu  Kwak  Youngjoo  Shrestha  Badri Bhakta  Sugiura  Ai 《Paddy and Water Environment》2013,12(2):275-286

More than 2 million hectares of the lower Mekong River flood plain (Cambodian Plain), which extends from southern Cambodia to the border with Vietnam, is cultivated with rice; and more than 60 % of the population in the flood plain are farmers involved in rice cultivation. Rice production in this area is seriously affected by floods almost every year; on the other hand, the farmers need floodwater for their crop fields. Therefore, the farming in this area is about coping with floods, and flood countermeasures should be carefully planned based on good understanding of the livelihood of the farmers. Thus, this study aimed to identify flood-vulnerable rice-growing communities in the Mekong River flood plain in Cambodia. In this research, we proposed a useful methodology to make flood inundation maps by conducting a simple analysis by combining satellite-based digital elevation model (DEM) and river water level data based on the flood characteristics in this area. Then, rice-crop vulnerability maps were derived from previous maps and results from other past researches using the geographical information system (GIS). Comparison among those maps was also conducted to find out the relationship between DEM and people’s lifestyles in this area. This simple, inexpensive methodology was proven useful to understand major crop damage and vulnerability in relation to floods in this area, based on flood characteristics in the Cambodian flood plain. Because the method is a GIS-based approach, it can deliver more accurate results when provided with more accurate data.

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Antinephritis and radical scavenging activity of prenylflavonoids   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Fukai T  Satoh K  Nomura T  Sakagami H 《Fitoterapia》2003,74(7-8):720-724

Antinephritis activity of 5 prenylflavonoids similar to glabridin (1-5), isolated from Morus alba, Artocarpus communis, Glycyrrhiza uralensis and G. inflata, was evaluated in mice with glomerular disease (Masugi-nephritis). Oral administrations of artonin E (2) or licochalcone A (4) for 10 days (30 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) reduced the amount of urinary protein excretion compared to nephritic mice. ESR spectroscopy demonstrated that morusin (1) and licorisoflavan A (5) increased the radical intensity of sodium ascorbate by about two times. Morusin, licoricidin (3), licochalcone A and licorisoflavan A showed weak scavenging activity against superoxide anion radical.  相似文献   

Effect of spherosome on degradation of tetrachloroethylene in soil     

Adachi A  Sakurai H  Okano T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(22):9149-9151

The fate of spherosome on the degradation of tetrachloroethylene in soil was investigated for 38 days. The time needed to become the half value of the initial concentration is 8 days for the case with spherosome and 15 days for the case without spherosome. The time needed for complete degradation is 25 days for the case with spherosome and 38 days for the case without spherosome. The degradation of tetrachloroethylene appeared to be essentially due to the biological activity of the soil. Spherosome should enhance the rate of tetrachloroethylene destruction.  相似文献   

Immunolocalization of steroidogenic enzymes P450scc, 3betaHSD, and P450c17 in the ovaries of wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides)     

Weng Q  Murase T  Asano M  Tsubota T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(9):999-1002

We investigated the distribution of 3 types of steroidogenic enzymes, P450scc, 3betaHSD, and P450c17, in wild raccoon dog ovaries by immunohistochemistry. Six pairs of ovaries were obtained from wild raccoon dogs between 2001 and 2003, with 3 of the 6 pairs of ovaries containing corpora lutea. P450scc, 3betaHSD, and P450c17 were localized in the granulosa and theca cells of these raccoon dogs. Furthermore, lutein cells were stained positively for P450scc and 3betaHSD in the pregnant and non-pregnant raccoon dogs. These results suggest that granulosa and theca cells may synthesize progesterone and androgens, which may play an important role in follicular development, and that lutein cells are a major source of progesterone in wild raccoon dogs.  相似文献   

Incidence of ovulation without coital stimuli in captive Japanese black bears (Ursus thibetanus japonicus) based on serum progesterone profiles     

Okano T  Nakamura S  Nakashita R  Komatsu T  Murase T  Asano M  Tsubota T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(10):1133-1137

The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether or not Japanese black bears (Ursus thibetanus japonicus) are induced ovulators. The progesterone levels of female bears kept with a male and allowed to mate (n=2) and female bears allowed contact with a male through bars but not allowed to mate (n=6) during the mating season increased significantly in late October. Based on this result, the female bears were considered to have ovulated. Females isolated from males (n=3) were ovarioectomized after the mating season, and no corpora lutea were observed, indicating they had not ovulated. These findings suggest that Japanese black bears may be induced ovulators that ovulate with stimuli from males and without coitus at a high rate.  相似文献   

Comparison of glycerol, lactamide, acetamide and dimethylsulfoxide as cryoprotectants of Japanese white rabbit spermatozoa     

Kashiwazaki N  Okuda Y  Seita Y  Hisamatsu S  Sonoki S  Shino M  Masaoka T  Inomata T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(4):511-516

The rabbit is considered to be a valuable laboratory animal. We compared glycerol, lactamide, acetamide, and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as cryoprotectants in egg-yolk diluent of ejaculated Japanese white rabbit spermatozoa for improvement of sperm cryopreservation methods. Rabbit semen was frozen with 1.0 M glycerol, lactamide, acetamide, or DMSO in plastic straws. Forward progressive motility and plasma membrane integrity of the post-thaw spermatozoa were examined. The rate of forward progressive motile spermatozoa in lactamide (37.8 +/- 3.0%) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than in glycerol (17.0 +/- 3.3%). In addition, the rates of sperm plasma membrane integrity in lactamide and acetamide (35.9 +/- 3.3% and 30.2 +/- 3.0%, respectively) were significantly (P<0.05) higher than in glycerol (17.0 +/- 2.6%). The results indicate that 1.0 M lactamide and acetamide have higher cryoprotective effects than 1.0 M glycerol for cryopreservation of Japanese white rabbit spermatozoa.  相似文献   

Spironolactone, but not Eplerenone, Impairs Glucose Tolerance in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome     

Homma T  Fujisawa M  Arai K  Ishii M  Sada T  Ikeda M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(8):1015-1022

Although some clinical studies have suggested that spironolactone (SPL), a mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, appears to increase the blood glucose levels, experimental studies have not supported this notion. Here, we investigated the effect of SPL on blood glucose levels in SHR/NDmcr-cp(cp/cp) (ND) rats, an animal model of metabolic syndrome, in comparison with that of eplerenone (EPL), another MR antagonist. At the same dose of 100 mg/kg, SPL and EPL increased the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio to a comparable extent, indicating that both agents have similar renal MR antagonistic efficacy in ND rats. Interestingly, SPL but not EPL significantly increased the level of blood glucose. The oral glucose tolerance test revealed that treatment with SPL led to glucose intolerance. The levels of serum insulin and adiponectin, regulators of the blood glucose level, were virtually unaffected by treatment with SPL. On the other hand, SPL induced a marked increase in the blood level of aldosterone, known to be a risk factor for insulin resistance. These results demonstrate that in comparison with EPL, SPL characteristically impairs glucose tolerance in an animal model of metabolic syndrome, in association with a higher blood level of aldosterone.  相似文献   

Infrequent mutation of lysophosphatidic Acid receptor-1 gene in hamster pancreatic duct adenocarcinomas and established cell lines     

Tsujiuchi T  Furukawa M  Obo Y  Yamasaki A  Hotta M  Kusunoki C  Suyama N  Mori T  Honoki K  Fukushima N 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2009,22(1):89-92

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