Interdecadal variations in Japanese sardine and ocean/climate   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

ICHIRO YASUDA  HIROYA SUGISAKI  YOSHIRO WATANABE  SHO-SHIRO MINOBE  & YOSHIOKI OOZEKI 《Fisheries Oceanography》1999,8(1):18-24

Relations between the long-term variations in numbers of Japanese sardine and in ocean/climate were studied. We examined long-term records of the spring air temperature on the north-western coast of North America (ATNA; 40–50°N, 130–110°W) reconstructed from tree rings, and the sardine catch records inferred from documents dating from 1600 to 1990. High sardine catches occurred eight times in this period, and each high catch continued for 7–45 years. We found a significant difference in mean ATNAs between the abundant and poor catch periods: high (low) catch occurred in periods of high (low) ATNA. ATNA was negatively correlated with spring sea-surface temperature east of Japan (SSTJ; 36–40°N, 150–160°E), where the sardine possibly migrate north-eastward, a relation which was confirmed from 1940 to 1990. In years when the Aleutian Low Pressure System (AL) shifted south-east and intensified, the westerly wind was strong east of Japan along the south-western edge of the AL, resulting in low SSTJ; a warm south-westerly wind blows in the west coast of North America along the south-eastern edge of the AL. If we assume that this relation between ATNA and SSTJ can be extended back to the 1600s, high (low) catches occur in the period when SSTJ is low (high). This relation between sardine catch and SSTJ is consistent with previous studies based on data from after 1900. The present results suggest that long-term variations in Japanese sardine are related to interdecadal North Pacific ocean/climate variability.  相似文献   

Diel vertical migration of myctophid fishes (Family Myctophidae) in the transitional waters of the western North Pacific   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

HIKARU WATANABE  MASATOSHI MOKU  KOUICHI KAWAGUCHI  KIMIE ISHIMARU  & AKINORI OHNO 《Fisheries Oceanography》1999,8(2):115-127

The diel vertical migration patterns of adult myctophid fishes were determined in the transitional waters of the western North Pacific off Japan, using day–night sampling from 20 to 700 m depths with a commercial otter trawl in the summer of 1995. A total of 12 species belonging to 9 genera were collected. Four patterns were recognized in the diel vertical migration of 11 of the 12 species. (1) Migrants showing clear day–night habitat separation with peak abundance above 200 m at night: Symbolophorus californiensis, Tarletonbeania taylori, Notoscopelus japonicus, Diaphus theta, Ceratoscopelus warmingi, and Diaphus gigas. (2) Semi-migrants, in which part of the population often remains in the daytime habitat at night. The distribution depths of migratory and nonmigratory individuals do not overlap: Stenobrachius leucopsarus . (3) Passive-migrants, in which there is no separation of day–night habitats, but the upper limit of daytime distribution depth shifts to a shallower layer at night, probably as the fish follow migratory prey: Lampanyctus jordani . (4) Nonmigrants: Stenobrachius nannochir, Lampanyctus regalis (> 140 mm SL), and Protomyctophum thompsoni . The day–night habitat temperature ranges are also given for the 11 species. No remarkable east–west differences were seen in the vertical migration patterns compared with previous knowledge of eight of these species in the eastern Pacific. The diel migration patterns are newly described for three other species endemic to the western Pacific. The standing stock of myctophids in the study area was conservatively estimated at 18.5 ± 4.7 g m⁻² (avg. ± SD).  相似文献   

Cloning and nutritional regulation of polyunsaturated fatty acid desaturase and elongase of a marine teleost,the nibe croaker <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nibea mitsukurii</Emphasis>     

Yoji Yamamoto  Naoki Kabeya  Yutaka Takeuchi  Alimuddin  Yutaka Haga  Shuichi Satoh  Toshio Takeuchi  Goro Yoshizaki 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(3):463-472

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Evaluation of recycled food waste as a partial replacement of fishmeal in diets for the initial feeding of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus     

Gabriel Gana Bake  Masato Endo  Atsushi Akimoto  Toshio Takeuchi 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(5):1275-1283

A 70-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the suitability of recycled food wastes [food industry waste (FIW) and soy sauce waste (SSW)] as protein sources in the diet of Oreochromis niloticus fry. Diets were formulated that contained 0 and 20–22%, respectively, recycled food wastes, namely D1 (0% recycled food waste), D2 (20% FIW), D3 (10% FIW and SSW, respectively), D4 (20% FIW and tryptophan), and D5 (22% SSW). Although feed efficiency, net protein retention, and protein efficiency were not significantly different among fish on the different diets (p > 0.05), those on D3 had a better growth performance than the controls (D1). Fish fed diet D4 (tryptophan supplement) had a higher final weight gain than those fed D2, in addition to the other growth parameters, but these differences were not significant (p > 0.05), with the exception of total feed intake. D1 produced fish with higher carcass protein, while fish fed on D3 had the highest lipid content. There was no significant difference between groups in terms of carcass moisture and ash contents. These findings show that the proper combination of recycled food waste is suitable for use in the production of fish feed and may ultimately result in reductions in the level of fishmeal in aquafeeds.  相似文献   

Acoustic characterization of biological backscatterings in the Kuroshio-Oyashio inter-frontal zone and subarctic waters of the western North Pacific in spring     

HIROTO MURASE  MORIO ICHIHARA  HIROKI YASUMA  HIKARU WATANABE  SHIROH YONEZAKI  HIROSHI NAGASHIMA  SHIGEYUKI KAWAHARA  and KAZUSHI MIYASHITA 《Fisheries Oceanography》2009,18(6):386-401

The acoustic characteristics of biological backscattering in the western North Pacific were studied to verify expert knowledge on species composition in the echosigns. The survey was conducted in the Kuroshio-Oyashio inter-frontal zone and the subarctic waters in April 2003. The species composition of backscatterings was identified by using midwater trawl, Isaacs-Kidd midwater trawl and Bongo net. The differences of mean volume backscattering strengths between 120 and 38 kHz (ΔMVBS₁₂₀₋₃₈) were calculated for the backscatterings. Six types of backscatterings were classified based on the results of net samples and the ΔMVBS₁₂₀₋₃₈. The ΔMVBS₁₂₀₋₃₈ of each group was as follows: copepods 13.7–17.3 dB, krill 11.6–15.3 dB, Japanese anchovy −1.6 to 1.1 dB, a myctophid, Diaphus theta −0.8 dB, sand lance 6.1 dB and larvae and juveniles of pelagic and mesopelagic fish −9.6 to −4.0 dB. The results suggest that biological backscatterings in the Kuroshio-Oyashio inter-frontal zone and subarctic waters of the western North Pacific in spring can be characterized by using ΔMVBS.  相似文献   

Wastewater production, treatment, and irrigation in Middle East and North Africa     

Manzoor Qadir  Akissa Bahri  Toshio Sato  Esmat Al-Karadsheh 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》2010,24(1-2):37-51

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is the driest region of the world with only 1% of the world’s freshwater resources. The increasing competition for good-quality water has cut into agriculture’s water share but since the use of freshwater for domestic, industrial and municipal activities generates wastewater, the volume of wastewater used in agriculture has increased. About 43% of wastewater generated in the MENA region is treated; a relatively high percentage compared to other developing-country dominated regions. This is because of the perceived importance of wastewater as a water resource and several oil-rich countries with the resources to treat wastewater. The MENA region has an opportunity for beneficial reuse of wastewater but few countries in the region have been able to implement substantial wastewater treatment and reuse programs. The major constraints leading to seemingly slow and uneven reuse of wastewater are: inadequate information on the status of reuse or disposal of wastewater and associated environmental and health impacts; incomplete economic analysis of the wastewater treatment and reuse options, usually restricted to financial feasibility analysis; high costs and low returns of developing wastewater collection networks and wastewater treatment plants; lack of wastewater treatment and reuse cost-recovery mechanisms and lack of commitment to support comprehensive wastewater treatment programs; mismatch between water pricing and regional water scarcity; preference for freshwater over wastewater; and inefficient irrigation and water management schemes undermining the potential of wastewater reuse. However, some countries such as Tunisia, Jordan, and Israel have policies in place that address wastewater treatment through a range of instruments. Policymakers in these countries consider use of treated wastewater to be an essential aspect of strategic water and wastewater planning and management. With flexible policy frameworks addressing rapid demographic changes and increasing water scarcity in the MENA region, water reuse has great potential if integrated with resource planning, environmental management and financing arrangements.  相似文献   

Acute myelomonocytic leukemia negative for alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase stain in a Holstein cow     

Masaki MAEZAWA  Ai NAKAMICHI  Nao AKIYAMA  Michihito TAGAWA  Ken-ichi WATANABE  Yoshiyasu KOBAYASHI  Hisashi INOKUMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(11):1643

A 4-year, 7-month-old Holstein cow presented with anorexia. Physical examination revealed masses in the interscapular region and vagina. Blast cells were detected in the masses and peripheral blood by fine needle aspiration cytology and hematological examination. By bone marrow aspiration, blast cells constituted up to 24.2% of all nucleated cells, and 22% and 2% of non-erythroid cells stained positive for myeloperoxidase and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE), respectively. Pathological examination revealed the mass lesions consisted of a proliferation of tumor cells, which were positive for monocytic markers (HLA-DR and Iba-1). The cow was diagnosed with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML). Even when tumor cells are ANAE-negative, AMML cannot be completely ruled out and should be considered when diagnosing cattle with leukemia/lymphoma.  相似文献   

Equine nonneoplastic abnormal ovary in a draft mare with high serum anti-Müllerian hormone: a case study     

Akira GOTO  Masaaki TAGAMI  Fumiki KATO  Tsukasa SUZUKI  Takashi YAMAGA  Harutaka MURASE  Fumio SATO  Munkhtuul TSOGTGEREL  Tadamasa NIIKURA  Tomoe MORIYAMA  Akiko CHIBA  Ken-ichi WATANABE  Nao TSUZUKI  Yasuo NAMBO 《Journal of Equine Science》2021,32(4):147

We performed a standing hand-assisted laparoscopic ovariectomy in a draft mare that presented with high serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level and had an enlarged single cystic ovary. Histopathological examination revealed no tumor cell proliferation in the ovary, but the presence of a large ovarian cyst was confirmed. In the diagnosis of abnormal ovaries in mares, a comprehensive assessment should be performed, including the monitoring of ovarian morphology and biomarkers over time, to determine the disease prognosis and treatment plan. The case of this mare with a nonneoplastic abnormal ovary and increased serum AMH level was rare. We suggest that standing hand-assisted laparoscopic ovariectomy is useful for the removal of large ovaries in draft mares.  相似文献