Radiotherapy isocenters verified by matching to bony landmarks of the canine and feline head differ when localized using volumetric versus planar imaging     

Leanne M. Magestro  Joyce Y. Cahoon  Tracy L. Gieger  Michael W. Nolan 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2019,17(4):562-569

The “gold standard” for verification of patient positioning before linear accelerator‐based stereotactic radiation therapy is kilovoltage cone‐beam computed tomography (kV‐CBCT), which is not uniformly available or utilized; planar imaging is sometimes used instead. The primary aim of this study was to determine if the position of the bony skull, when used as a surrogate for isocenter verification, is different when orthogonal megavoltage (MV) portal or kilovoltage (kV/kV) radiographs are used for image guidance, rather than kV‐CBCT. A secondary aim was to determine the influence of intra‐observer variability, body size and skull conformation on positioning, as determined using these three imaging modalities. Dogs and cats receiving radiotherapy of the head were recruited for this prospective analytical study. Planar (MV portal and kV/kV images) and volumetric (kV‐CBCT) images were acquired before treatment, and manually coregistered with reference images. Differences in skull position when matched based on MV portal, kV/kV images and kV‐CBCT were compared. A total of 65 subjects and 148 unique datasets were evaluated. The Wilcoxon rank‐sum test was used to evaluate effects of transitioning between imaging modalities. When comparing magnitude of shifts in MV to kV‐CBCT, MV to kV/kV and kV/kV to kV‐CBCT, there were statistically significant differences. Results were not measurably impacted by body size, skull conformation or interobserver differences. Based on shift magnitude and direction, an isotropic setup margin of at least 1 mm should be incorporated within the planning target volume when MV or kV planar imaging is used for position verification.  相似文献   

A comparison of the uterine proteome of mares in oestrus and dioestrus     

Shawn‐Elizabeth Maloney  Firdous A. Khan  Tracy S. Chenier  Mariana Diel de Amorim  Michael Anthony Hayes  Elizabeth L. Scholtz 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(3):473-479

Proteomic analysis of mare uterine flush fluid provides a minimally invasive technique for studying protein changes associated with the oestrous cycle. The aim of this study was to identify differentially abundant proteins in the uterine flush fluid of mares in oestrus and dioestrus. In this study, uterine flush fluid samples were collected from eight reproductively healthy mares in either oestrus (n = 5) or dioestrus (n = 3). Proteomic analysis was performed using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Of 172 proteins identified, six proteins (immunoglobulin lambda‐like polypeptide 1, haemoglobin subunit alpha, alpha‐1B‐glycoprotein, serotransferrin, apolipoprotein A‐1, and haemoglobin subunit beta) were significantly more abundant in oestrus. These proteins may contribute to the endometrial defence system through roles in inflammation, immunity or antimicrobial activity. In other species, some of these proteins have been described as immunoglobulins, negative acute phase proteins or defence agents against micro‐organisms. During dioestrus, immunoglobulin alpha‐1 chain C region‐related, complement factor I, CD 109 antigen and uterocalin, were significantly more abundant. Research in other species suggests that these four proteins contribute to the immune response through proposed immunoregulatory characteristics, complement system involvement or roles in B cell–T cell interactions. In conclusion, ten differentially abundant proteins were identified in the uterine flush fluid of mares in oestrus and dioestrus. Targeted studies on these proteins could elucidate their role in uterine defence mechanisms during the oestrous cycle in the mare.  相似文献   

The effect of modified-live virus vaccination on von Willebrand factor antigen concentrations and platelet counts in dogs     

Stokol T  Parry BW 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1997,26(3):135-137

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Evaluation of intramuscular butorphanol, azaperone, and medetomidine and nasal oxygen insufflation for the chemical immobilization of white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus     

Patrice M Mich  Lisa L Wolfe  Tracey M Sirochman  Michael A Sirochman  Tracy R Davis  William R Lance  Michael W Miller 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2008,39(3):480-487

Chemical immobilization of wildlife often includes opioids or cyclohexamines. These substances are problematic as a result of their required storage, handling, and record-keeping protocols. A potentially useful alternative sedation protocol includes a combination of butorphanol, azaperone, and medetomidine (BAM: 0.43 mg/kg butorphanol, 0.36 mg/kg azaperone, 0.14 mg/kg medetomidine). One risk of wildlife immobilization with any drug combination is hypoxemia. This may be of particular importance when using an alpha 2 agonist such as medetomidine because of its powerful vasoconstrictive effect. In this prospective study, the BAM combination was evaluated for chemical immobilization of white-tailed deer. Additionally, selected physiologic parameters associated with BAM immobilization, including oxygen saturation via pulse oximetry and arterial blood gas measurement, with and without nasal insufflation of oxygen at a relatively low flow of 3 L/min, were evaluated. The BAM combination resulted in a predictable onset of sedation, with a mean induction time to lateral recumbency of 9.8 +/- 3.6 min. All deer recovered smoothly within a range of 5-20 min after reversal with intramuscular administration of naltrexone, atipamazole, and tolazoline (NAT). Clinically relevant decreases in arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were observed in animals not receiving supplemental oxygen, while both parameters significantly improved for oxygen-supplemented deer. Pulse oximetry with this protocol was an unreliable indicator of oxygen saturation. In this study, altitude, recumbency, hypoventilation, butorphanol- and medetomidine-specific effects, as well as the potential for alpha 2 agonist-induced pulmonary changes all may have contributed to the development of hypoxemia. Overall, capture of white-tailed deer with the BAM/NAT protocol resulted in excellent chemical immobilization and reversal. Because the BAM combination caused significant hypoxemia that is unreliably detected by pulse oximetry but that may be resolved with nasal oxygen insufflation, routine use of oxygen supplementation is recommended.  相似文献   

Effects of reconcile (fluoxetine) chewable tablets plus behavior management for canine separation anxiety     

Simpson BS  Landsberg GM  Reisner IR  Ciribassi JJ  Horwitz D  Houpt KA  Kroll TL  Luescher A  Moffat KS  Douglass G  Robertson-Plouch C  Veenhuizen MF  Zimmerman A  Clark TP 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2007,8(1):18-31

Canine separation anxiety is a common behavioral problem presented to veterinarians. Associated behaviors are distressing to both dog and owner, have the potential to disrupt the human-companion animal bond, and may lead to euthanasia. The results of this study demonstrate the clinical efficacy and safety of Reconcile (fluoxetine, 1 to 2 mg/kg/day [0.45 to 0.91 mg/lb/day]), in conjunction with behavior management, for the treatment of canine separation anxiety. The beef flavored chewable formulation was palatable to treated dogs and easy to administer. This study provides to veterinarians and owners valuable information about an effective separation anxiety treatment plan that combines use of Reconcile with behavior modification.  相似文献   

PALLIATIVE RADIOTHERAPY OF APPENDICULAR OSTEOSARCOMA IN 95 DOGS     

Oscar  Ramirez  III  DVM  Richard K.  Dodge  MS  Rodney L.  Page  DVM  MS  G. Sylvester  Price  DVM  PhD  Marlene L.  Hauck  DVM  PhD  Tracy A.  Ladue  DVM Felicia  Nutter  DVM  Donald E.  Thrall  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1999,40(5):517-522

Ninety-five dogs with either a presumptive (n = 24) or biopsy confirmed diagnosis (n = 71) of osteosarcoma received palliative radiotherapy using 60Co photons. Parallel opposed beams were used with each dog receiving either 10 Gy on days 0, 7 and 21 (n = 58) or 8 Gy on days 0 and 7 (n = 37). The 8 Gy fractionation scheme was given with the intent of retreating upon relapse from pain relief. Only 9 of 37 (24%) dogs in the 8 Gy group returned for retreatment. Forty-seven of the 95 dogs (49%) received concurrent or sequential chemotherapy. Seventy of the 95 dogs (74%) experienced pain relief following treatment. In dogs experiencing pain relief the median duration of response was 73 days. Numerous clinical variables were evaluated as predictors of response. The only variable significantly related to achieving a response was the use of chemotherapy. The following variables were significantly related to the duration of response: extent of bone lysis, chemotherapy use, length of bone involved and tumor site (humerus). In a multivariate analysis (n = 73 dogs), after adjusting for chemotherapy use, extent of bone involvement (p = 0.01) and tumor site (p = 0.02) retained statistical significance, while degree of bone lysis did not (p = 0.11). No difference in response incidence or duration was found between 3 fractions of 10 Gy vs. 2 fractions of 8 Gy. Administration of a low initial dose with the intent of retreatment was not a successful strategy.  相似文献   

Salty stories,fresh spaces: Lessons for aquatic protected areas from marine and freshwater experiences          下载免费PDF全文

Erin K. Loury  Shaara M. Ainsley  Shannon D. Bower  Ratana Chuenpagdee  Tracy Farrell  Amanda G. Guthrie  Sokrith Heng  Zau Lunn  Abdullah Al Mamun  Rodrigo Oyanedel  Steve Rocliffe  Suvaluck Satumanatpan  Steven J. Cooke 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2018,28(2):485-500

Extra-adrenal paraganglioma of the equine orbit: six cases     

Tracy Miesner  David Wilkie†  Anne Gemensky-Metzler‡  Steven Weisbrode§  Carmen Colitz¶ 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2009,12(4):263-268

At The Ohio State University from 1994–2006 six of seven horses evaluated for primary orbital disease were diagnosed with extra-adrenal paraganglioma (EAPG). The horses ranged in age from 14 to 24 years, with a mean of 16.8 years. Duration of clinical signs was 1.5 years to 5 years, with a mean of 2.8 years. Clinical signs varied, but all six had non-painful exophthalmus of the right eye. Five horses had complete ocular exams reported; three of five had decreased to absent vision, two of five had pale optic nerves, and in three of five, difficulty of retropulsion of the globe was noted. Diagnostic tests performed included complete blood count, serum profile, radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography, true-cut biopsy, ocular examination, guttural pouch endoscopy, oral examination, and physical examination. Expulsive hemorrhage during orbital exenteration occurred in all horses. In five of six cases, tumor extension through the orbital foramen was apparent intra-operatively. Histopathologic appearance of all surgically removed tissues consisted of sheets of polygonal cells with abundant lightly granular cytoplasm, round nuclei with vesicular chromatin, and rare mitoses. Neoplastic cells were arranged into small groups separated by a fine fibrovascular stroma. All six cases were chromagranin positive on immunohistochemical staining. Follow-up ranged from six months to six years, with a mean of two years. Four of the five horses that recovered from surgery had no apparent tumor recurrence in 6–48 months.  相似文献   

The consequences of sublethal exposure to insecticide on the survivorship and mobility of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)          下载免费PDF全文

William R Morrison III  Brittany Poling  Tracy C Leskey 《Pest management science》2017,73(2):389-396

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Misadministration of radiation therapy in veterinary medicine: a case report and literature review          下载免费PDF全文

M. M. Arkans  T. L. Gieger  M. W. Nolan 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2017,15(1):237-246

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