Characterization of Verticillium dahliae Isolates from Potato on Hokkaido by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and REP-PCR Analyses     

Tsutomu KOMATSU  Akio SUMINO  Koji KAGEYAMA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(1):23-27

Verticillium dahliae isolates from potato on the island of Hokkaido (potato isolates) and those belonging to pathotypes A (eggplant pathotype), B (tomato pathotype) and C (sweet pepper pathotype) were divided into three distinct groups by RAPD and REP-PCR. The three DNA groups I, II, III consisted of pathotypes A and C, pathotype B and potato isolates, respectively. The potato isolates were assigned to pathotype A on the basis of pathogenicity. Another set of potato isolates was further collected from eight potato cropping regions on Hokkaido to further examine the relationships among them in detail. Only one of these isolates was identified as DNA group II, but all the others were classified as DNA group III. Isolates from daikon, eggplant, and melon on Hokkaido also belonged to DNA group III. These results suggest that V. dahliae isolates from Hokkaido are unique at the DNA level and different from other pathotype A isolates in Japan. Received 28 February 2000/ Accepted in revised form 6 November 2000  相似文献   

Prevalence of canine coronavirus (CCoV) in dog in Japan: detection of CCoV RNA and retrospective serological analysis     

Tomomi TAKANO  Saya YAMASHITA  Michiko MURATA-OHKUBO  Kumi SATOH  Tomoyoshi DOKI  Tsutomu HOHDATSU 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(2):341-345

We collected rectal swabs from dogs in Japan during 2011 to 2014, and canine coronavirus (CCoV) nucleocapsid gene was detected by RT-PCR. The relationship between CCoV infection and the manifestation of diarrhea symptoms was investigated, and a correlation was noted (df=1, χ²=8.90, P<0.005). The types of CCoV detected in samples from CCoV-infected dogs were CCoV-I in 88.9% and CCoV-II in 7.4%, respectively. We retrospectively investigated the seroprevalence of CCoV-I in dogs in Japan during 1998 to 2006. The sera were tested with a neutralizing antibody test. In the absence of CCoV-I laboratory strain, we used feline coronavirus (FCoV)-I that shares high sequence homology in the S protein with CCoV-I. 77.7% of the sera were positive for neutralizing anti-FCoV-I antibodies.  相似文献   

Software development for estimating the concentration of radioactive cesium in the skeletal muscles of cattle from blood samples          下载免费PDF全文

Tomokazu Fukuda  Masahiro Hiji  Yasushi Kino  Yasuyuki Abe  Hideaki Yamashiro  Jin Kobayashi  Yoshinaka Shimizu  Atsushi Takahashi  Toshihiko Suzuki  Mirei Chiba  Kazuya Inoue  Yoshikazu Kuwahara  Motoko Morimoto  Masafumi Katayama  Kenichiro Donai  Hisashi Shinoda  Tsutomu Sekine  Manabu Fukumoto  Emiko Isogai 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(6):842-847

The 2011 earthquake severely damaged the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP), resulting in the release of large quantities of radioactive material into the environment. The deposition of these radionuclides in rice straw as livestock feed led to the circulation of contaminated beef in the market. Based on the safety concern of the consumers, a reliable method for estimating concentrations of radioactive cesium in muscle tissue is needed. In this study, we analyzed the concentrations of radioactive cesium in the blood and skeletal muscle of 88 cattle, and detected a linear correlation between them. We then developed software that can be used to estimate radioactive cesium concentrations in muscle tissue from blood samples. Distribution of this software to the livestock production field would allow us to easily identify high‐risk cattle, which would be beyond the safety regulation, before shipping out to the market. This software is planned to be released as freeware. This software would contribute to food safety, and aid the recovery of the livestock industry from the damage creacted by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami.  相似文献   

Correction to: Enhanced local recruitment of glass eel <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anguilla japonica</Emphasis> in Oyodo River,Miyazaki and offshore environmental conditions in 2002     

Kazuhiro Aoki  Toshihiro Yamamoto  Nobuto Fukuda  Kazuki Yokouchi  Hiroaki Kurogi  Takashi Setou  Hiroshi Kuroda  Takahiko Kameda  Kazuhiro Takafuji  Tsutomu Tokeshi 《Fisheries Science》2018,84(5):787-788

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Contributions of salmon-derived nitrogen to riparian vegetation in the northwest Pacific region     

Akiko Nagasaka  Yu Nagasaka  Kinuko Ito  Tsutomu Mano  Masami Yamanaka  Atushi Katayama  Yoshikazu Sato  Andrey L. Grankin  Andrey I. Zdorikov  Gennady A. Boronov 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(5):377-382

We examined the relationship between the annual escapement of salmon and the δ ¹⁵N of willow (Salix spp.) leaves to evaluate the contribution of marine-derived nutrients (MDN) to riparian vegetation around the Pacific Northwest and Northeast regions. Foliar δ ¹⁵N values ranged from −3.42‰ to 4.65‰. The value increased with increasing density of carcasses up to 500 fish/km and 1500 fish/km. δ ¹⁵N values were variable at carcass densities below 500 fish/km. Possible factors affecting the fluctuation of δ ¹⁵N at reference sites are: (1) denitrification; (2) the presence of N₂-fixing trees, such as alder; and (3) agricultural runoff. δ ¹⁵N values at the sites with carcass densities over 500 fish/km were consistently high, while a value of δ ¹⁵N below zero was observed at only one site (Rusha River; δ ¹⁵N = −1.87‰). At this site, most adult pink salmon returned to limited locations near the estuary because steeper channel gradients acted as a migration barrier, resulting in the negative δ ¹⁵N value. Nevertheless, we concluded that our results showed evidence of the feedback of MDN to terrestrial vegetation, although the use of the δ ¹⁵N value as a terrestrial end member at spawning sites is limited. If the relationship between the enrichment index, which is expressed as the values using a mixing model, and salmon abundance was estimated, the availability of MDN in riparian ecosystems could possibly be evaluated and will lead to the establishment of escapement goals. An erratum to this article is available at .  相似文献   

Prediction of Japanese green tea ranking by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-based hydrophilic metabolite fingerprinting     

Pongsuwan W  Fukusaki E  Bamba T  Yonetani T  Yamahara T  Kobayashi A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(2):231-236

An innovative technique for green tea's quality determination was developed by means of metabolomics. Gas-chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry and multivariate data analysis was employed to evaluate the quality of green tea. Alteration of green tea varieties and manufacturing processes effects a variation in green tea metabolites, which leads to a classification of the green tea's grade. Therefore, metabolic fingerprinting of green tea samples of different qualities was studied. A set of ranked green tea samples from a Japanese commercial tea contest was analyzed with the aim of creating a reliable quality-prediction model. Several multivariate algorithms were performed. Among those, the partial least-squares projections to latent structures (PLS) analysis with the spectral filtering technique, orthogonal signal correction (OCS), was found to be the most practical approach. In addition, metabolites that play an important role in green tea's grade classification were identified.  相似文献   

Two novel dicarboxylic Acid derivatives and a new dimeric hydrolyzable tannin from walnuts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ito H  Okuda T  Fukuda T  Hatano T  Yoshida T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(3):672-679

In addition to the 16 previously reported polyphenols including 3 new ellagitannins, 2 novel dicarboxylic acid derivatives, glansreginins A (1) and B (2), and a new dimeric hydrolyzable tannin, glansrin D (3), were isolated, together with 15 known compounds from walnuts, the seeds of Juglans regia. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR analyses and chemical data. The antioxidant effect of these isolates was also evaluated by SOD-like and DPPH radical scavenging activities.  相似文献   

Filamentous-haemagglutinin-like protein genes encoded on a plasmid of Moraxella bovis     

Kakuda T  Sarataphan N  Tanaka T  Takai S 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,118(1-2):141-147

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Rhodococcus equi in the soil environment of horses in Inner Mongolia, China     

Takai S  Zhuang D  Huo XW  Madarame H  Gao MH  Tan ZT  Gao SC  Yan LJ  Guo CM  Zhou XF  Hatori F  Sasaki Y  Kakuda T  Tsubaki S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(7):739-742

Little is known about the distribution of Rhodococcus equi in the soil environment of native horses in China. One hundred and eight soil samples were collected from native-horse farms in the Hulun Beier grasslands of eastern Mongolia, the Xilin Goler grasslands of southern Mongolia, and Tongliao City in Inner Mongolia, China. The isolation rates of R. equi from soil samples from the Hulun Beier and Xilin Goler grasslands ranged from 25.9% to 30.0%. In contrast, isolation rates from soil samples from Tongliao City were as high as 82.3% and the mean number of R. equi in soil samples from Tongliao City was 10 times more than those of samples from the grasslands. The 488 isolates were examined using PCR for the presence of genes that encode virulence-associated 15-17 kDa antigen protein (VapA) and the 20 kDa antigen protein (VapB). All isolates were negative for virulence-associated proteins. Plasmid profiles of these avirulent isolates showed that cryptic plasmids of various sizes were present with an incidence of 13.3% to 21.5%. The results of the present study contrast with those of our recent study (J. Vet. Med. Sci. 67:611-613, 2005), in which we reported that R. equi was absent from Mongolian horses in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. It is suggested that the difference between the results of these two studies is due to the mobile pasturing system in Mongolia and nonmobile pasturing system in Inner Mongolia.  相似文献   

Killing of feline T-lymphocytes by gamma-rays and energetic carbon ions     

Kakizaki T  Hamada N  Funayama T  Sakashita T  Wada S  Hohdatsu T  Natsuhori M  Sano T  Kobayashi Y  Ito N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(12):1269-1273

High linear energy transfer (LET) heavy charged particles have previously been applied clinically to human cancer radiotherapy because of their excellent physical properties of selective dose distribution and higher relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for human; however, such an approach has yet to be applied to cat patients. The present study investigates the biological effectiveness of low-LET gamma-rays (0.2 keV/micro m) compared to high-LET carbon ions (114 keV/micro m) in feline T- lymphocyte FeT-J cells. Clonogenic survival analysis revealed that the RBE value of carbon ions was 2.98 relative to a 10% survival dose (D(10)) by gamma-rays, and that the inactivation cross-section in cells exposed to gamma-rays and carbon ions was 0.023 and 38.9 micro m(2), respectively. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis revealed that TUNEL-positive frequency in carbon-irradiation cells is higher than for gamma-irradiated cells against exposure to the same physical doses, but that very little difference in TUNEL-positive frequency is observed between cells exposed to the respective D(10) dose of gamma-rays. Our data thus indicate that carbon ions are more effective for cell killing than gamma-rays at the same physical doses, but kill cells to an extent that is comparable to gamma-rays at the same biological doses. Carbon ion radiotherapy is therefore a promising modality for cat patients.  相似文献