Toward a More Embedded Production System? Automotive Supply Networks and Localized Capabilities in Poland     

BOLESŁAW DOMAŃSKI  KRZYSZTOF GWOSDZ 《Growth and change》2009,40(3):452-482

The article addresses the embeddedness of automotive production in Poland in terms of supply networks. A comprehensive analysis of more than 550 suppliers, supported by company interviews, shows that foreign‐owned producers become embedded in Poland in the automotive supplier networks they have largely created themselves. Numerous local suppliers gain access to export markets and become integrated in a Europe‐wide production system. This trend has been accompanied by significant upgrading of foreign affiliates and domestic firms in terms of product quality, cost efficiency, adaptability, and fast response, but far less in nonproduction competences such as R&D. It is argued that the competences of automotive suppliers in Poland are built upon the localized capabilities, which are a product of the dynamic interplay between the activity of foreign firms and the changing local environment comprising various stakeholders. The localized capabilities constitute elements of a company's sunk costs and are embedding automotive producers in Poland. At the same time, the dependence on decisions and innovations from abroad and the limited development of local design and brands may constrain the future role of suppliers from the semiperipheral economy of Poland.  相似文献   

Common names of pesticides recently approved by the BSI     

Walker SB;BSI Technical Committee AW/-Common Names for Pesticides  Other Agrochemicals 《Pest management science》2003,59(3):371-373

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USE OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY TO DIAGNOSE SINUSITIS IN A GOAT     

George M.  Barrington  DVM  PhD  Russell L.  Tucker  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1996,37(2):118-120

Radiographic examination proved incapable of determining the extent and severity of chronic sinusitis in a goat. Computed tomography was subsequently used to clearly define the nature and extent of the lesion.  相似文献   

Proportionate dwarfism in Angus cattle     

PETER AW  HARPER MELANIE R  LATTER 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(12):450-450

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Androgens modulate growth hormone-releasing factor-induced GH release from bovine anterior pituitary cells in static culture.     

H A Hassan  R A Merkel  W J Enright  H A Tucker 《Domestic animal endocrinology》1992,9(3):209-217

Static primary cultures of bovine anterior pituitary (AP) cells were utilized to study the effect of sex steroids on basal growth hormone (GH) and GH-releasing hormone (GRF)-stimulated release of GH. The AP cells (5 x 10(5) cells/well) were allowed to attach for 72 hr and become confluent before treatments were imposed. Cells were incubated for an additional 24, 48 or 72 hr with either estradiol-17 beta (E2, 10(-11) to 10(-8) M), testosterone (T, 10(-8) to 10(-5) M), dihydrotestosterone (DHT, 10(-9) to 10(-6) M) or 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol (3 alpha-diol, 10(-11) to 10(-8) M). Media were collected every 24 hr and GH concentrations determined by RIA. Incubation of calf AP cells with gonadal steroids did not affect (P > 0.05) basal GH released at 24, 48, or 72 hr. In another experiment, calf AP cells were incubated with the same concentrations of the steroids for 24 hr, media harvested, cells washed and challenged in serum-free media for 1 hr with bovine GRF 1-44-NH2 (10(-8) M). In non-steroid treated wells, GRF increased (P < 0.05) GH from 58 to 134 ng/ml. Incubation with E2 or 3 alpha-diol did not affect (P > 0.05) GRF-induced GH release; however, preincubation with T (10(-5) M) and DHT (10(-9), 10(-8) and 10(-7) M) increased (P < 0.05) GRF-induced GH release above control concentrations (195, 235, 190 and 185 ng/ml, respectively). At the doses tested, sex steroids did not affect basal release of GH, but androgens increased responsiveness of somatotropes to GRF.  相似文献   

A shortened life span of sheep red cells with a glutathione deficiency   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E M Tucker 《Research in veterinary science》1974,16(1):19-22

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Effect of source of supplemental nitrogen and level of nitrate on feedlot performance and vitamin A metabolism of fattening beef calves     

R E Lichtenwalner  J P Fontenot  R E Tucker 《Journal of animal science》1973,37(3):837-847

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Soft X-rays from the Cygnus Loop: Interpretation     

Tucker WH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,172(3981):372-374

Two possible interpretations of the recent soft x-ray observation of the Cygnus Loop are discussed. A synchrotron model requires a magnetic field less than 10(-6) gauss and electron energies in excess of 10(14) electron volts. These electrons must either have been reaccelerated or continuously injected into the source for about 50,000 years. The observations are also consistent with the radiation from a hot plasma having the cosmic abundances of the elements. A likely origin for the hot plasma is a blast wave produced by the explosion of a supernova in the interstellar medium. Fitting such a model to the observations implies a kinetic energy release in the explosion of 6x 10(50) ergs for an assumed distance of 770 parsec.  相似文献   

Yersinia species isolated from sheep with enterocolitis     

AW PHILBEY  JRW GLASTONBURY  IJ LINKS  LM MATTHEWS 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(3):108-110

In 40 submissions to the Regional Veterinary Laboratory (RVL) Wagga Wagga from sheep in southern New South Wales from 1981 to 1989, 53 isolates of Yersinia sp were recovered from 45 sheep in 37 flocks. Of 53 isolates, 26 were identified as Y. pseudotuberculosis, 20 as Y. enterocolitica, 5 as Y. intermedia and 2 as Y. frederiksenii. Twelve isolates of Y. pseudotuberculosis tested in the slide agglutination test all belonged to serotype III. The 20 Y. enterocolitica isolates were categorised biochemically as biotype 5 strains and, of 6 isolates serotyped, all belonged to serogroup 2,3. Outbreaks of yersiniosis were most common in late winter and early spring and affected flocks often had experienced a change in husbandry. Infection with Yersinia sp was associated with diarrhoea, illthrift and mortality. At necropsy, congestion and occasionally thickening of the intestinal mucosa were observed in affected sheep. Gastrointestinal nematodiasis and coccidiosis often were concurrent findings. The characteristic histological lesion in sheep infected with Y. pseudotuberculosis was acute segmental suppurative erosive enterocolitis. There were no lesions consistently associated with Y. enterocolitica, Y. intermedia or Y. frederiksenii.  相似文献   

Endocardial Surfaces in Man     

Richard  Tucker 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》1974,3(3):212-232

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