Selective Intestinal Cobalamin Malabsorption with Proteinuria (Imerslund‐Gräsbeck Syndrome) in Juvenile Beagles     

J.C. Fyfe  S.L. Hemker  P.J. Venta  B. Stebbing  U. Giger 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(2):356-362

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Comparison of 4 Direct Coombs' Test Methods with Polyclonal Antiglobulins in Anemic and Nonanemic Dogs for In‐Clinic or Laboratory Use     

L.L. Caviezel  K. Raj  U. Giger 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(2):583-591

Background

Difficulties with the direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and its apparent lack of sensitivity and specificity for immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) in dogs have raised skepticism regarding its diagnostic value.

Objective

To compare different DATs and other hematologic parameters in dogs.

Animals

Anticoagulated blood samples from 59 nonanemic and 46 anemic dogs (± IMHA) from a research colony and veterinary clinics.

Methods

Prospective observational study: Immunochromatographic strip, gel microcolumn, and capillary techniques were compared with standard microtiter DAT using 2 polyvalent antiglobulins. Spherocytosis, autoagglutination, osmotic fragility, and clinical data were assessed.

Results

Blood samples from all 59 nonanemic dogs were DAT‐. Among 46 anemic dogs, 33 were suspected of IMHA, but only 20 were DAT+. Old and new DAT methods yielded comparable and consistent results even after storage of chilled blood samples for 1 week. Spherocytosis and autoagglutination (that did not persist after washing) were noted in 15 and 16 DAT+ dogs, respectively. The other 26 anemic dogs, including 21 previously transfused dogs and 4 with autoagglutination, tested DAT‐ by the other methods. Osmotic fragility was increased in 70% (19/27) of anemic and all 15 DAT+ dogs tested. Limited follow‐up testing revealed DAT+ results for 3–70 days.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

The novel strip and capillary DAT methods are promising adjunct in‐clinic tools. Despite prior immunosuppressive treatment and presence of autoagglutination, the DAT was positive in anemic dogs with IMHA. Transfusion did not cause false DAT+ results. Our results support DAT as a cornerstone in the diagnosis of canine IMHA.  相似文献   

Senescence in a bacterium with asymmetric division     

Ackermann M  Stearns SC  Jenal U 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5627):1920

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Potential for Using Plant Xylem Sap to Evaluate Inorganic Nutrient Availability in Soil     

Akira Noguchi  Masakatsu Kageyama  Fumie Shinmachi  Urs Schmidhalter  Isao Hasegawa 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2005,51(3):343-350

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Long-term tillage system effects under moist cool conditions in Switzerland     

Thomas Anken  Peter Weisskopf  Urs Zihlmann  Hansrudolf Forrer  Jan Jansa  Katarina Perhacova 《Soil & Tillage Research》2004,78(2):171-183

How do different soil tillage systems influence soil quality over the years? Under moist cool conditions is it possible in the long term to reduce dramatically soil tillage intensity without experiencing reductions in yield or other problems? In 1987, the Swiss Federal Research Station for Agricultural Economics and Engineering in Tänikon initiated a long-term soil tillage trial to clarify these questions. The trial compared mouldboard plough, chisel, paraplow, shallow tillage and no-tillage systems on a well-drained Orthic Luvisol with 160 g kg⁻¹ clay, 310 g kg⁻¹ silt, and under a climate that has a mean annual precipitation of 1180 mm. The tillage treatment effects were evaluated by measuring several biological, chemical, and physical soil quality indicators. Reduced soil tillage increased earthworm populations, reduced Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides infection in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and increased plant colonisation by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Yields for no-tillage and other ploughless cultivation techniques were on par with those obtained by ploughing. An exception was direct-drilled maize (Zea mays), where no-tillage decreased yield by more than 10% over the course of 14 years. In the first 7 years of the trial, the level of soil organic carbon in all the tillage regimes was approximately 40% lower than natural grassland (initial situation 1987=75 Mg SOC ha⁻¹). The no-tillage method did not differ from the others in respect of bulk density, but it showed an increased preconsolidation stress and hence better trafficability. Under Switzerland’s moist cool climatic conditions, it is possible to reduce soil tillage intensity without substantial reductions in yield, and at the same time improve soil quality.  相似文献   

Hereditary phosphofructokinase deficiency in wachtelhunds     

Hillström A  Tvedten H  Rowe A  Giger U 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2011,47(2):145-150

Hereditary phosphofructokinase (PFK) deficiency was diagnosed in two Wachtelhund dogs and suspected in three related Wachtelhund dogs with exercise intolerance, hemolytic anemia, and pigmenturia. Severe, persistent reticulocytosis in light of only mild anemia together with hemoglobinuria after strenuous exercise suggested PFK deficiency. Low erythrocyte PFK activity together with low 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentrations and a high hemoglobin-oxygen affinity confirmed the diagnosis. The PFK deficiency is due to a single missense mutation in the muscle-type PFK M-PFK gene in English springer and American cocker spaniels, whippets, and mixed-breed dogs; however, these PFK-deficient Wachtelhunds do not have the same PFK mutation.  相似文献   

Transfusion practices and costs in dogs.   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

A Howard  B Callan  M Sweeney  U Giger 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,201(11):1697-1701

A geographically stratified sample of 25 small-animal practices administering at least six transfusions to dogs over the last 12 months was surveyed to determine how veterinarians obtain blood for transfusions, the direct costs of administering transfusions, and the impact of available blood on the management of critically ill dogs. The primary source of donor blood for each practice was a borrowed dog (12 practices) or in-house dogs kept on the premises (12 practices). Only one practice obtained blood from a nearby veterinary school. There was a wide variation in practices regarding testing for diseases and screening of donors. Thirty-six percent of practices surveyed did not screen dogs for infectious diseases or evaluate hematologic variables prior to blood donation. Twenty-four percent of the respondents evaluated the donors solely for the purposes of detecting microfilaria. The remaining 40% of the practices performed one or more of the tests generally recommended as part of a screening program for potential blood donors. The blood type of donors was determined in eight of the practices, whereas blood typing of recipients was not routinely performed. Ten of 25 practices performed blood crossmatches, but only one practice performed crossmatches in all cases. The distribution of direct costs per whole blood transfusion (500-ml unit) ranged from 25 to more than $300, with three fourths of the practices having costs less than $100. The higher-cost practices were those that maintained donors on the premises specifically for blood donation purposes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

家蚕个体发育中酯酶同工酶的研究(英文)   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

乌尔.  S 克里.  NB 《蚕业科学》1997,23(2):109-113

研究了PM，Dz和KA三个家蚕品种个体发育中α-酯酶和β-酯酶同工酶的电泳图谱类型。综合酶谱揭示了三个品种的α-酯酶同工酶出现在16、21、19区带。三个种在个体发育中的卜酯酶出现在15、19、15区带。一些同工酶在发育阶段出现、消失、再出现。而幼虫期酯酶的异源性最大。  相似文献   

Dog erythrocyte antigen 1: mode of inheritance and initial characterization          下载免费PDF全文

Klaudia Polak  Michelle M. Acierno  Karthik Raj  Keijiro Mizukami  Don L. Siegel  Urs Giger 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2015,44(3):369-379

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Pinpointing the source of a lunar meteorite: implications for the evolution of the Moon     

Gnos E  Hofmann BA  Al-Kathiri A  Lorenzetti S  Eugster O  Whitehouse MJ  Villa IM  Jull AJ  Eikenberg J  Spettel B  Krähenbühl U  Franchi IA  Greenwood RC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5684):657-659

The lunar meteorite Sayh al Uhaymir 169 consists of an impact melt breccia extremely enriched with potassium, rare earth elements, and phosphorus [thorium, 32.7 parts per million (ppm); uranium, 8.6 ppm; potassium oxide, 0.54 weight percent], and adherent regolith. The isotope systematics of the meteorite record four lunar impact events at 3909 +/- 13 million years ago (Ma), approximately 2800 Ma, approximately 200 Ma, and <0.34 Ma, and collision with Earth sometime after 9.7 +/- 1.3 thousand years ago. With these data, we can link the impact-melt breccia to Imbrium and pinpoint the source region of the meteorite to the Lalande impact crater.  相似文献