Antibody Response in Goats Vaccinated with Liposome-adjuvanted Clostridium perfringens Type D Epsilon Toxoid   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Uzal  F.A.  Wong  J.P.  Kelly  W.R.  Priest  J. 《Veterinary research communications》1999,23(3):143-150

A trial was performed using 20 goats to evaluate the antibody responses to a liposome-adjuvanted Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxoid vaccine (LIPV). The antibody response was compared with those produced by epsilon toxoid vaccines prepared using aluminium hydroxide (ALV) and incomplete Freud's adjuvant (FAV). The animals were allocated to four groups at the beginning of the trial. The animals in group 1 were vaccinated with ALV, while the animals in group 2 received FAV and those in groups 3 and 4 were vaccinated with LIPV. The animals in groups 1 to 3 received three doses of the corresponding vaccine at intervals of three weeks, while those in group 4 received only 1 dose of vaccine at the beginning of the trial. A blood sample was obtained from all the goats at the beginning of the trial and then weekly for 8 weeks. The samples were analysed for epsilon toxoid antibodies by an indirect ELISA technique. No major clinical abnormalities were observed in the animals after vaccination, with the exception of those that received the FAV, which experienced transient lameness. The highest antibody response was observed in the animals vaccinated with FAV, but they presented moderate to severe inflammatory tissue reactions at the injection site. Moderately high antibody responses were obtained with the ALV, with which only minor local reactions were observed. No significant antibody responses were obtained with the LIPV, nor were local reactions observed.  相似文献   

Enterotoxaemia in goats in Australia     

FA UZAL  WR KELLY  PG PARSONS 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(8):543-543

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不同水分条件下苔藓结皮光合能力对氮素添加量的响应   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

闫佳毅  张宇清  秦树高  吴斌  冯薇  邵晨曦  法科宇 《水土保持通报》2015,35(6):75-80

[目的]探究苔藓结皮失水过程中光合能力对不同梯度氮添加的响应,为进一步研究苔藓结皮对氮沉降的响应过程以及为干旱、半干旱区荒漠生态系统的管理提供理论依据。[方法]选取毛乌素沙地的优势藓种拟双色真藓(Bryum pachytheca)为研究对象,在控制条件下采用氮添加的模拟试验手段。[结果]苔藓结皮净光合速率在低于0.2g/(m2·a)的氮添加量时受到促进,在高于0.2g/(m2·a)的氮素添加量下,低水分含量时被抑制,高水分含量时会受促进;同时,0.2g/(m2·a)是苔藓结皮能承受的最优氮添加量,此时苔藓结皮的光合固碳能力达到最大,年光合固碳量为对照条件的2倍。[结论]氮沉降引起的氮素增加对于干旱、半干旱区苔藓结皮的光合能力以及固碳潜力具有显著的影响。  相似文献   

Outbreak of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 in the southwestern United States: first detections in southern California     

Javier Asin  Akinyi C. Nyaoke  Janet D. Moore  Viviana Gonzalez-Astudillo  Deana L. Clifford  Emma L. Lantz  Andrea B. Mikolon  Kimberly A. Dodd  Beate Crossley  Francisco A. Uzal 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(4):728

An outbreak of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2)-associated disease occurred in the southwestern United States following its first detection in New Mexico in March 2020. The disease spread throughout several states and was diagnosed for the first time in California on May 11, 2020, in a black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus). The following day, the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) issued an order banning the entrance into California of several lagomorph species and their products from any state in which the disease had been detected in the last 12 mo. RHDV2 is a threat to wild lagomorph species in California, including the endangered riparian brush rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani riparius). Therefore, the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) started tracking any mortality event in wild lagomorph populations. As of August 9, 2020, RHDV2 had been detected in wild and domestic lagomorphs of several counties in southern California that were submitted to the California Animal Health and Food Safety laboratory system by the CDFA or the CDFW. These positive cases included 2 additional black-tailed jackrabbits and 3 desert cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus audubonii). In addition, the infection spilled over to domestic populations, whereby it was confirmed on July 10, 2020, in a domestic rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).  相似文献   

Comparison of four techniques for the detection of Clostridium perfringens type D epsilon toxin in intestinal contents and other body fluids of sheep and goats.   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

F A Uzal  W R Kelly  R Thomas  M Hornitzky  F Galea 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2003,15(2):94-99

Polyclonal capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PC-ELISA), monoclonal capture ELISA (MC-ELISA), mouse neutralization test (MNT), and counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP), were compared for their ability to detect epsilon toxin in intestinal contents and body fluids of sheep and goats. When used to evaluate intestinal contents of sheep artificially spiked with epsilon prototoxin, PC-ELISA detected 0.075 mouse lethal dose (MLD)50/ml, whereas the MNT, MC-ELISA, and CIEP detected 6, 25, and 50 MLD50/ml, respectively. Amounts of epsilon toxin detected by PC-ELISA, MC-ELISA, MNT, and CIEP in sheep pericardial fluid artificially spiked with epsilon prototoxin were 0.075, 0.75, 6, and 200 MLD50/ml, respectively. For assaying epsilon toxin in aqueous humor, PC-ELISA and MC-ELISA detected 0.075 MLD50/ml, whereas CIEP detected 200 MLD50/ml (MNT was not evaluated). When 51 samples of intestinal contents of sheep and goats (32 positive and 19 negative to MNT) were analyzed by the other 3 techniques, the relative sensitivity of PC-ELISA, MC-ELISA, and CIEP was 93.75, 84.37, and 37.50%, respectively. The specificity of PC-ELISA, MC-ELISA, and CIEP was 31.57, 57.89, and 84.21%, respectively. The absolute sensitivity of PC-ELISA, MC-ELISA, CIEP, and MNT was 90.90, 69.69, 15.15, and 54.54%. The absolute specificity of the 4 techniques was 100%. These results show that there is a marked inconsistency among techniques routinely used to detect Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin. Until more consistent results are achieved, the diagnosis of enterotoxemia should not only be based solely on epsilon toxin detection, but also on clinical and pathological data.  相似文献   

Impact of lower atmospheric carbon dioxide on tropical mountain ecosystems   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

FA Street-Perrott  Y Huang  RA Perrott  G Eglinton  P Barker  LB Khelifa  DD Harkness  DO Olago 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,278(5342):1422-1426

Carbon-isotope values of bulk organic matter from high-altitude lakes on Mount Kenya and Mount Elgon, East Africa, were 10 to 14 per mil higher during glacial times than they are today. Compound-specific isotope analyses of leaf waxes and algal biomarkers show that organisms possessing CO2-concentrating mechanisms, including C4 grasses and freshwater algae, were primarily responsible for this large increase. Carbon limitation due to lower ambient CO2 partial pressures had a significant impact on the distribution of forest on the tropical mountains, in addition to climate. Hence, tree line elevation should not be used to infer palaeotemperatures.  相似文献   

环境因子对中条山油松人工林下物种分布的影响          下载免费PDF全文

裴顺祥  法蕾  杜满义  辛学兵 《浙江农林大学学报》2022,39(2):280-288

  目的  量化环境要素对山西省中条山油松Pinus tabuliformis人工林下物种分布影响,为进一步揭示中条山油松人工林下物种多样性维持机制提供理论依据。  方法  基于中条山油松人工林样地植物和土壤调查数据,分析环境因子对油松人工林下物种分布的影响。  结果  环境因子对灌木、草本、藤本物种分布的解释率(校正解释率)分别为45.7% (34.5%)、37.0% (20.4%)、43.4% (30.6%);油松林下物种分布主要受非生物环境影响,海拔和土壤通气性是影响该地区物种分布的关键环境因子;灌木和藤本分布主要受海拔影响,草本分布主要受土壤通气性影响,且随着海拔、土壤通气性的升高油松人工林下物种多样性下降。  结论  地形(海拔)和土壤(土壤通气性)因子对区域群落生境的关键塑造作用所形成的环境筛是影响中条山油松人工林下物种分布的关键性因子。图1表5参39  相似文献   

Expression and Localization of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and its Receptors in the Corpus Luteum During Oestrous Cycle in Water Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)     

VS Chouhan  RP Panda  VP Yadav  V Babitha  FA Khan  GK Das  M Gupta  SS Dangi  G Singh  S Bag  GT Sharma  B Berisha  D Schams  M Sarkar 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(5):810-818

The aim of this study was to document the expression and localization of VEGF system comprising of VEGF isoforms (VEGF 120, VEGF 164 and VEGF 188) and their receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) in buffalo corpus luteum (CL) obtained from different stages of the oestrous cycle. Real‐time RT‐PCR (qPCR), Western blot and immunohistochemistry were applied to investigate mRNA expression, protein expression and localization of examined factors. In general, all the components of VEGF system (the VEGF isoforms and their receptors) were found in the water buffalo CL during the oestrous cycle. The mRNA as well as protein expression of VEGF system was highest during the early and mid‐luteal phase, which later steadily decreased (p < 0.05) after day 10 to reach the lowest level in regressed CL. As demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, VEGF protein was localized predominantly in luteal cells; however, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 were localized in luteal cells as well as in endothelial cells. In conclusion, the dynamics of expression and localization of VEGF system in buffalo corpora lutea during the luteal phase were demonstrated in this study, indicating the possible role of VEGF system in the regulation of luteal angiogenesis and proliferation of luteal as well as endothelial cells through their non‐angiogenic function.  相似文献   

Uterine Infection Influences Size and Follicular Fluid Composition of the Largest Follicle in Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)     

M Pande  GK Das  FA Khan  M Sarkar  JK Prasad  MC Pathak  H Kumar 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(1):79-84

The effect of uterine infection on size and follicular fluid composition of the largest follicle was studied in buffalo. Reproductive tracts were collected from 102 graded Murrah buffaloes at an abattoir. Uterine infection was diagnosed by physical examination of uterine mucus, white side test and uterine cytology. Samples with pus‐containing mucus, positive reaction on white side test and/or >5% neutrophils were considered to be positive for uterine infection. Diameter of the largest follicle was measured, and follicular fluid was aspirated and assayed for nitric oxide (NO), ascorbic acid (AA), cholesterol, oestradiol (E₂) and progesterone (P₄). Infected buffaloes had smaller‐sized (p < 0.0001) largest follicles than non‐infected buffaloes. Follicular fluid collected from the largest follicle in infected buffaloes had greater (p < 0.0001) NO and P₄ concentrations coincident with lesser AA (p < 0.001), cholesterol (p < 0.0001) and E₂ (p < 0.0001) concentrations. Results indicated that uterine infection has an inhibitory effect on growth of the largest follicle in buffalo. The changes in follicular fluid composition in infected buffaloes suggest that the direct effect of uterine infection on ovarian function may be mediated through an alteration in the follicular microenvironment. Greater NO and lesser AA concentrations in the follicular fluid of infected animals are novel findings.  相似文献   

Locomotor behaviour promotes stability of the patchy distribution of slugs in arable fields: Tracking the movement of individual Deroceras reticulatum     

Emily Forbes  Matthew A Back  Andrew Brooks  Natalia B Petrovskaya  Sergei V Petrovskii  Tom W Pope  Keith FA Walters 《Pest management science》2020,76(9):2944-2952

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