Caspase Activation,Hydrogen Peroxide Production and Akt Dephosphorylation Occur During Stallion Sperm Senescence     

JM Gallardo Bolaños  C Balao da Silva  P Martín Muñoz  M Plaza Dávila  J Ezquerra  IM Aparicio  JA Tapia  C Ortega Ferrusola  FJ Peña 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(4):657-664

To investigate the mechanisms inducing sperm death after ejaculation, stallion ejaculates were incubated in BWW media during 6 h at 37°C. At the beginning of the incubation period and after 1, 2, 4 and 6 h sperm motility and kinematics (CASA), mitochondrial membrane potential and membrane permeability and integrity were evaluated (flow cytometry). Also, at the same time intervals, active caspase 3, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion (flow cytometry) and Akt phosphorylation (flow cytometry) were evaluated. Major decreases in sperm function occurred after 6 h of incubation, although after 1 h decrease in the percentages of motile and progressive motile sperm occurred. The decrease observed in sperm functionality after 6 h of incubation was accompanied by a significant increase in the production of hydrogen peroxide and the greatest increase in caspase 3 activity. Additionally, the percentage of phosphorylated Akt reached a minimum after 6 h of incubation. These results provide evidences that sperm death during in vitro incubation is largely an apoptotic phenomena, probably stimulated by endogenous production of hydrogen peroxide and the lack of prosurvival factors maintaining Akt in a phosphorylated status. Disclosing molecular mechanisms leading to sperm death may help to develop new strategies for stallion sperm conservation.  相似文献   

Effect of body position on electrocardiographic recordings in dogs     

JA Stern  KW Hinchcliff  PD Constable 《Australian veterinary journal》2013,91(7):281-286

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Short-term Cultivation of Porcine Cumulus Cells Influences the Cyclin-dependent Kinase 4 (Cdk4) and Connexin 43 (Cx43) Protein Expression—A Real-time Cell Proliferation Approach     

Bartosz KEMPISTY  Agnieszka ZIó?KOWSKA  Hanna PIOTROWSKA  Sylwia CIESIó?KA  Pawe? ANTOSIK  Dorota BUKOWSKA  Piotr ZAWIERUCHA  Magdalena WO?NA  J?drzej M. JA?KOWSKI  Klaus P. BRüSSOW  Micha? NOWICKI  Maciej ZABEL 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(4):339-345

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Bovine citrullinaemia traced to the sire of Linmack Kriss King   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

PJ HEALY  JA DENNIS  LM CAMILLERI  JL ROBINSON  AL STELL  RD SHANKS 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(4):155-155

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Enterotoxaemia in a foal due to Clostridium perfringens type A   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

AJ DART  RR PASCOE  JA GIBSON  BJ HARROWER 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(10):330-331

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Bovine citrullinaemia: a clinical, pathological, biochemical and genetic study   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

PJ HEALY  PAW HARPER  JA DENNIS 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(7):255-258

Calves affected with citrullinaemia are clinically normal immediately after birth. In the majority of calves the clinical course of the disease was similar. Within 24 hours of birth they become depressed; then within 3 to 4 days were observed to wander aimlessly or stand with their head pressed against a wall or fence. By day 4 to 5 they become recumbent, developed convulsions, followed by collapse and death. Oedema of the cerebral cortex is a consistent histological lesion. Citrulline concentration in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, eye fluid and cerebral tissue is greatly elevated. Information gathered from pedigrees of affected calves indicate that the defect is widely disseminated throughout the Australian Friesian population.  相似文献   

Primary anconeal fracture in a boxer     

JP THRUPP  WT WONG  JA CHARLES 《Australian veterinary journal》2001,79(9):611-612

A 14-month-old speyed female Boxer was presented with acute non-weight-bearing lameness in the right forelimb. Radiography revealed separation of the anconeal process, which was thence surgically removed. Histological examination of the anconeal process confirmed a primary fracture. Isolated unilateral anconeal process fracture in the dog is rare and this report includes histopathological findings of a primary anconeal fracture.  相似文献   

Electrocardiographic values in Spanish-bred horses of different ages   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

I. AYALA  A. MONTES  LJ BERNAL  JA SANDOVAL  C. GUTIERREZ 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(6):225-226

SUMMARY The duration of electrocardiograph wave forms and intervals were determined in 179 Spanish-bred (Andalusian) horses aged from 1 month to 17 years. The values were compared with those of other breeds, and the relationship between electrocardiographic data and age was examined. High correlation coefficients were found between PR, ST and QT intervals and the age of the horses, and an inverted relation between heart rate and age was found. A multiple range analysis was made and the results suggest that significant changes in duration values and heart rate ocurred at the age of 6 months and in the second year of life.  相似文献   

Reproductive Biotechnology and Gene Mapping: Tools for Conserving Rare Breeds of Livestock     

JA Long 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(S2):83-88

Today's livestock diversity originated from the wild ancestor species and was subsequently shaped through the processes of mutation, genetic drift, and natural and human selection. Only a subset of the diversity present in the ancestral species survives in the domestic counterparts. A 2007 report released by UN Food and Agriculture Organization ' The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources ', compiled from surveys conducted in 169 countries, found that nearly 70% of the world's remaining livestock breeds live in developing countries. The UN report was presented to more than 300 policy makers, scientists, breeders, and livestock keepers at the First International Technical Conference on Animal Genetic Resources, held in September 2007 in Interlaken, Switzerland. The conference aims were to adopt a global plan of action for conserving animal genetic resources as its main outcome. In this paper, the current and potential contributions of reproductive and molecular biotechnology are considered as tools of conserving rare breeds of livestock.  相似文献   

Comparative Aspects of the Endotoxin- and Cytokine-Induced Endocrine Cascade Influencing Neuroendocrine Control of Growth and Reproduction in Farm Animals     

BK Whitlock  JA Daniel  RR Wilborn  TH Elsasser  JA Carroll  JL Sartin 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(S2):317-323

Disease in animals is a well-known inhibitor of growth and reproduction. Earlier studies were initiated to determine the effects of endotoxin on pituitary hormone secretion. These studies found that in sheep, growth hormone (GH) concentration was elevated, whereas insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was inhibited, as was luteinizing hormone (LH). Examination of the site of action of endotoxin in sheep determined that somatotropes expressed the endotoxin receptor (CD14) and that both endotoxin and interleukin-Iβ activated GH secretion directly from the pituitary. In the face of elevated GH, there is a reduction of IGF-I in all species examined. As GH cannot activate IGF-I release during disease, there appears to be a downregulation of GH signalling at the liver, perhaps related to altered nitration of Janus kinase (JAK). In contrast to GH downregulation, LH release is inhibited at the level of the hypothalamus. New insights have been gained in determining the mechanisms by which disease perturbs growth and reproduction, particularly with regard to nitration of critical control pathways, with this perhaps serving as a novel mechanism central to lipopolysaccharide suppression of all signalling pathways. This pathway-based analysis is critical to the developing novel strategies to reverse the detrimental effect of disease on animal production.  相似文献