Ellagic Acid and Polyhydroxylated Urolithins Are Potent Catalytic Inhibitors of Human Topoisomerase II: An in Vitro Study     

V Furlanetto  G Zagotto  R Pasquale  S Moro  B Gatto 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(36):9162-9170

Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenol abundant in fruits and common in our diet, is under intense investigation for its chemopreventive activity resulting from multiple effects. EA inhibits topoisomerase II, but the effects on the human enzyme of urolithins, its monolactone metabolites, are not known. Therefore, the action of several synthetic urolithins toward topoisomerases II was evaluated, showing that polyhydroxylated urolithins, EA, and EA-related compounds are potent inhibitors of the α and β isoforms of human topoisomerase II at submicromolar concentrations. Competition tests demonstrate a dose-dependent relationship between ATP and the inhibition of the enzyme. Docking experiments show that the active compounds bind the ATP pocket of the human enzyme, thus supporting the hypothesis that EA and polyhydroxylated urolithins act as ATP-competitive inhibitors of human topoisomerase II.  相似文献   

The role of border areas for dendrochronological investigations on catastrophic snow avalanches: A case study from the Italian Alps     

Valentina Garavaglia  Manuela Pelfini 《CATENA》2011

Snow avalanches are common in mountain environments, sometimes affecting inhabited areas and infrastructures (e.g. roads, bridges, and ski slopes). Their study is widespread and involves the use of a variety of different techniques, including dendrochronological methods. The aim of such investigations is principally to date past events, but also to detect variation in avalanche frequency as well as their spatial distribution. Trees affected by snow avalanches generally have scars, tilted trunks and broken branches, which allow past events to be dated to within a year. In this work tree rings were used to investigate a disruptive snow avalanche which occurred in 2001 in Val Mala in the Italian Alps. The event almost completely removed forest along the flow path, while the snow powder component of the avalanche also impacted on the adjacent forest. Comparison of tree reaction in surviving plants along the flow path and vegetation on the border showed i) the production of reaction wood even in apparently undisturbed trees and ii) the usefulness of border plants for dating past events. Different dendroecological indicators were investigated (i.e. reaction wood, scars, traumatic resin ducts, and variations in stem eccentricity) and reaction wood is evidently concentrated from 2001 not only in damaged trees but also in adjacent plants. The potential to investigate past snow avalanches by collecting samples from trees growing in border areas is presented: in the specific case of Val Mala, vegetation bordering the flow paths reacted to produce reaction wood in 2001, in a similar manner to plants along the flow track, demonstrating their usefulness in such investigations. Their response to the 2001 event confirms the possibility of applying dendrochronological techniques to trees adjacent to the flow path, even if they appear morphologically undisturbed, and proposes to use only border areas in cases of an absence of sufficient trees along the avalanche track.  相似文献   

Cytokine expression, glucocorticoid and growth hormone changes after porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV-1) infection in vaccinated and unvaccinated naturally exposed pigs     

Paolo Borghetti  Roberta SaleriLuca Ferrari  Marina MorgantiElena De Angelis  Valentina FranceschiEzio Bottarelli  Paolo Martelli 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2011,34(2):143-155

The objective of this paper was to study the changes of some cytokines and neuroendocrine hormones in vaccinated and unvaccinated pigs that were naturally infected by a PRRSV-1 (porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus) heterologous field strain. We analyzed gene expression of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, IL-6), pro-immune (IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) in PBMC, as well as hormonal (GH and cortisol) levels in blood samples of pigs obtained in a field trial previously reported [Martelli P, Gozio S, Ferrari L, Rosina S, De Angelis E, Quintavalla C, et al. Efficacy of a modified-live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine in pigs naturally exposed to a heterologous European (Italian cluster) field strain: clinical protection and cell-mediated immunity. Vaccine 2009;27:3788-99]. All vaccinated pigs showed an increase in pro-inflammatory and pro-immune cytokine gene expression with respect to controls and a prompt increase in GH that could be consistently associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines in sustaining innate immunity; moreover, the higher levels of cortisol indicates the activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response. In contrast, unvaccinated pigs showed down-regulation of the cortisol and GH responses, and the pro-inflammatory and pro-immune cytokines remained at a basal or low level, with an increase of TNF-α and IL-6 in association with a higher level of IL-10 in the late phase of natural infection. The associated trends of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines together with the cortisol level demonstrate that a previous vaccination promotes an early immune responsiveness in pigs and a more efficient control of inflammation in the late phase of infection with a heterologous PRRSV isolate; both events could sustain clinical protection.  相似文献   

Complications of Hepatic Surgery in Companion Animals     

Lauren R. May VMD  Stephen J. Mehler DVM 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2011,41(5):935-948

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A prospective multicenter observational study of Viperidae polyvalent immune F(ab’)2 antivenom administration for the treatment of viper envenomation in dogs     

Michele Vanni  Luigi Intorre  Michele Corazza  Valentina Meucci  Sandro Parti 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2020,30(1):34-40

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Perceptions and experience of veterinary surgery residents with minimally invasive surgery simulation training     

Ingrid M. Balsa DVM  DACVS-SA  Michelle A. Giuffrida VMD  DACVS  William T. N. Culp VMD  DACVS  Philipp D. Mayhew BVM&S  DACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(Z1):O21-O27

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Extended long-term radiographic and functional comparison of tibial plateau leveling osteotomy vs tibial tuberosity advancement for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in the dog     

Elisabeth V. Moore DVM  Robert Weeren DVM  MS  DACVS  Matthew Paek VMD  MS  DACVR 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(1):146-154

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A systematic review of criteria used to report complications in soft tissue and oncologic surgical clinical research studies in dogs and cats     

Christelle M. Follette DVM  Michelle A. Giuffrida VMD  MSCE  DACVS  Ingrid M. Balsa DVM  MEd  DACVS  William T. N. Culp VMD  DACVS  Philipp D. Mayhew BVM&S  DACVS  Michelle L. Oblak DVM  DVSc  DACVS  Ameet Singh DVM  DVSc  DACVS  Michele A. Steffey DVM  DACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(1):61-69

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Paramedian incisional complications after prophylactic laparoscopy-assisted gastropexy in 411 dogs     

Jessica K. Baron DVM  DACVS-SA  Sue A. Casale DVM  DACVS  Eric Monnet DVM  PhD  FAHA  DACVS  DECVS  Philipp D. Mayhew BVM&S  DACVS  Jeffrey J. Runge DVM  DACVS  Christelle M. Follette DVM  Kevin Phipps DVM  Margaret E. Powell DVM  Alicja I. Reczynska DVM  Nathan T. Squire VMD  Bruce A. Barton PhD  John Berg DVM  DACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(Z1):O148-O155

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Racing performance after surgical repair of medial condylar fracture of the third metacarpal/metatarsal bone in thoroughbred racehorses     

Sophie Boorman BVetMed  Dean W. Richardson DVM  DACVS  Patricia M. Hogan VMD  DACVS  Darko Stefanovski PhD  MS  David G. Levine DVM  DACVS  DACSMR 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(4):648-658

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