Evaluation of immunological, parasitological and molecular methods for the diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infection before and after chemotherapy treatment with praziquantel in experimentally infected Nectomys squamipes     

Gentile R  Gonçalves MM  da Costa Neto SF  da Costa MM  Peralta RH  Peralta JM 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,180(3-4):243-249

In low endemicity areas of schistosomiasis, the recommended diagnostic method of coprological examination results in an underestimation of infection cases. Alternative diagnostic methods have been developed, such as immunodiagnostic and molecular techniques. In this study we evaluated three methods used in the diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infection: parasitological (Kato-Katz), immunological (ELISA) and molecular (real time PCR), and also investigated the sensitivity of each technique in the cure determination after treatment with praziquantel using the water rat Nectomys squamipes, a natural reservoir for S. mansoni, as an experimental model. Two infection laboratory experiments were carried out. The first experiment aimed to observe the evolution of the immunological response in the first moments after infection and in the first months after treatment. The second experiment aimed to compare the efficacy of the three diagnostic techniques after infection and after treatment over a more extended time period. In the first experiment, 44% of the infected animals showed IgG reactivity after two weeks of infection, and 94% were positive based on serology 30 days after infection. The serological IgG titers increased just after infection but decreased gradually after treatment. In the second experiment, 89% of the animals showed positive IgG titers 22 days after infection. Only 68% of the animals showed positive results on the coproscopic diagnostic analysis and 79% did so by qPCR, 50 days after infection. Treated animals showed negative results on coproscopy one month after treatment but remained positive by serology even 12 months after treatment, although showing a decline in immunologic reaction after treatment. By qPCR analysis, all animals showed negative results three months after treatment, except for one animal. The parasitosis can be detected by coproscopy only six weeks after infection, and by serology 14 days after infection. The qPCR was a better diagnostic method for confirming the infection cure of S. mansoni. In early infection, this method was less efficient than serology but was slightly more efficient than the Kato-Katz method. We suggest that the methods should be used in low endemic areas as follows: serology should be used in the initial diagnosis in a population with potential positive cases; subsequently, coproscopy should be used in IgG positive cases to confirm the current infection; and qPCR should be used to evaluate the infection cure after treatment and is also a very valuable tool when there are cases showing positive IgG and negative coproscopy.  相似文献   

Frequency of dog erythrocyte antigen 1.1 expression in dogs from Portugal     

Ferreira RR  Gopegui RR  Matos AJ 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2011,40(2):198-201

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Gastroprotective and ulcer-healing mechanisms of ellagic acid in experimental rats     

Beserra AM  Calegari PI  Souza Mdo C  Dos Santos RA  Lima JC  Silva RM  Balogun SO  Martins DT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(13):6957-6965

Ellagic acid (EA), a plant-derived polyphenol, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and gastroprotective effects. Its gastroprotective mechanisms have not been fully elucidated nor have its effects on chronic ulcer previously been described. Toward these ends, the antiulcer activities of EA were evaluated in acute (ethanol and indomethacin) and chronic (acetic acid) ulcer models in Wistar rats. In this study, oral administration of EA significantly prevented the gastric ulceration caused by ethanol, indomethacin, and acetic acid treatments. Its gastroprotective mechanism in ethanol-induced ulcer were partly due to intensification in the endogenous production of nitric oxide, an antioxidant effect by replenishing depletion of endogenous nonprotein sulfhydryls and attenuation of tumor necrosis factor-α increase, whereas in indomethacin ulcer, it is partly due to a reduction in the plasma level of leukotriene B(4). In acetic acid ulcer, promotion of ulcer-healing effects was partly due to attenuation of the elevated levels of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, interferon-γ, and interleukins-4 and -6. These findings suggest that ellagic acid exerts its antiulcer activity by strengthening the defensive factors and attenuating the offensive factors.  相似文献   

Carbon,nitrogen and organic C fractions in topsoil affected by conversion from silvopastoral to different land use systems     

Eduardo S. Matos  Dirk Freese  Eduardo S. Mendonça  Anna Slazak  Reinhard F. Hüttl 《Agroforestry Systems》2011,81(3):203-211

The conversion of silvopasture to different land use systems cause effective changes in soil carbon distribution, due to disturbances in soil aggregation promoted by soil management and changes in crop residues inputs and decomposability. We evaluate the C and N stocks, and organic C fractions in soils under continuous arable land (AR) and silvopasture with apple trees and grass (SP); and after 4 years of conversion from silvopasture to arable land (SP-AR) and grassland (SP-GL). Total N (TN) and organic C (TOC), as well as microbial biomass carbon (C_MB), light fraction (C_LF) and heavy fraction (C_HF) were evaluated at two different depths (0–10 and 10–20 cm). After 4 years of conversion, SP-AR and SP-GL presented C and N stocks similar to the observed for SP when the 0–20 cm depth was considered. However, AR presented TOC and TN stocks around 21 and 10% lower than SP, respectively. SP-AR tended to present the lowest C_MB stocks and was positively correlated with salt extractable organic C (r ² = 0.60, P < 0.001). C_LF values declined by 62% from 0–10 to the 10–20 cm at SP and SP-GL, however there was no variation with increasing depth for AR and SP-AR. C_HF represented the highest C fraction in soil, corresponding to 82% of TOC. Except for AR, δ¹³C values of the light fraction increased with increasing depth. In general, heavy fraction tended to be more enriched in δ¹³C than light fraction. In a long-term, conventional tillage can significantly contribute to reduce TOC and TN stocks when compared to the silvopastoral system.  相似文献   

Short-term effects of agroforestry systems on soil health in Southeastern Brazil     

Matos  Priscila Silva  Cherubin  Maurício Roberto  Damian  Júnior Melo  Rocha  Fernando Igne  Pereira  Marcos Gervasio  Zonta  Everaldo 《Agroforestry Systems》2022,96(5-6):897-908

Agroforestry Systems - The Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) has successfully been tested as an objective tool to quantify land use and management effects on soil health, including under...  相似文献   

MUC1 expression in canine malignant mammary tumours and relationship to clinicopathological features     

de Oliveira JT  Pinho SS  de Matos AJ  Hespanhol V  Reis CA  Gärtner F 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,182(3):491-493

Mucin-1 (MUC1) is over-expressed in human breast carcinomas and is linked to a poorer prognosis. In this study, MUC1 expression in 32 spontaneous canine malignant mammary tumours was characterised in relation to histological type, mode of growth, grade, lymph node metastases and distant metastases. All tumours exhibited immunostaining for MUC1. In the normal canine mammary gland, MUC1 was expressed mainly in the apical cellular membrane, while in carcinomas MUC1 was detected in the cytoplasm only (56.3%) or in the cytoplasm with membrane accentuation (43.7%). There was a significant association between development of distant metastases and MUC1 over-expression (P=0.03), but no association with histological type, histological grade, mode of growth or lymph node metastasis.  相似文献   

Interactions of oxygen‐nitrogen‐salinity stresses on plant growth and mineral content of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in sand culture     

G.T. Pessoa da Costa  A.J.M. Smucker 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(6):887-903

Reports relating the separate and combined influences of soil aeration, nitrogen and saline stresses on the germination, growth and ion accumulation in sunflowers are lacking in the literature. The sunflowers of this report were grown in sand culture in the greenhouse. Separate and combined treatments of two levels of aeration, three levels of nitrogen and three levels of NaCl were applied to plants which were harvested at 40 and 56 days. Seed germination was excellent in all treatments. Plant height and dry weight decreased with each type of stress. Low oxygen (0.20 μg O₂ cm^‐2 min^‐1) and nitrogen (10 ppm) combined with 70 meq/1 NaCl caused the greatest reduction of plant growth. Leaf number was reduced by low nitrogen and excess salt. Low oxygen reduced the accumulation of K, Ca and Mg and increased the Na and N‐NO₃ content of sunflower leaves. Potassium to sodium ratios in plant on sunflower growth could be partially ameliorated with the tissue were decreased by greater EC values of the nutrient solution and low soil ODR. The adverse effects of salt and oxygen stresses addition of nitrogen. Ion accumulation was an earlier indicator of plant stress than plant growth and both parameters provided excellent methods for assessing plant tolerance to soil aeration, nitrogen and saline stresses.  相似文献   

Assessing resistance of ivermectin and moxidectin against nematodes in cattle naturally infected using three different methodologies     

Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes  Weslen Fabricio Pires Teixeira  Gustavo Felippelli  Breno Cayeiro Cruz  Willian Giquelin Maciel  Vando Edésio Soares  Thais Rabelo dos Santos  Lucas Vinicius Shigaki de Matos  Flávia Carolina Fávero  Alvimar José da Costa 《Research in veterinary science》2014

The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and the faecal egg count efficacy test (FECET) to assess the resistance status of ivermectin (630 μg/kg) and moxidectin (200 μg/kg), using the controlled efficacy test as a reference, and whether the results of the EPG are equivalent to the efficacy results from the parasitological necropsies. Two experiments were conducted. The results demonstrate that it was not possible to demonstrate that the EPG values were equivalent with the ivermectin and moxidectin efficacy obtained by parasitological necropsies, mainly if the phenomenon of parasites resistance is not advanced in a determined field population. Maybe the FECET technique would be possibly better than the FECRT. The high anthelmintic efficacy of 200 μg/kg moxidectin, in naturally infected cattle, against field population of nematodes that are resistant to 630 μg/kg ivermectin, was observed in this study.  相似文献   

Immunohistochemical Localization of Fibroblast Growth Factor‐2 in the Sheep Ovary and its Effects on Pre‐antral Follicle Apoptosis and Development In Vitro     

JMS Santos  VG Menezes  RS Barberino  TJS Macedo  TLB Lins  BB Gouveia  VRP Barros  LP Santos  RJS Gonçalves  MHT Matos 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(3):522-528

Studies with sheep are important to improve our knowledge about the factors that control folliculogenesis in mammals and to explore possible physiological differences among species. The aims of this study were to characterize FGF‐2 protein expression in ovine ovaries and to verify the effect of FGF‐2 on the morphology, apoptosis and growth of ovine pre‐antral follicles cultured in vitro. After collection, one fragment of ovarian tissue was fixed for histological analysis and TUNEL analysis (fresh control). The remaining fragments were cultured for 7 days in control medium (α‐MEM⁺) alone or supplemented with FGF‐2 at different concentrations (1, 10, 50, 100 or 200 ng/ml). After culturing, ovarian tissue was destined to histology and TUNEL analysis, and oocyte and follicle diameters were measured. The immunostaining for FGF‐2 was observed in oocytes from primordial, primary and secondary follicles, as well as in granulosa cells of secondary and antral follicles. The percentage of normal follicles was similar among control medium, 1 and 10 ng/ml FGF‐2, and significantly higher than those observed in 50, 100 or 200 ng/ml FGF‐2. A significant increase in follicle diameter was observed when tissues were cultured in 10, 50, 100 or 200 ng/ml FGF‐2 compared with the fresh control and the other treatments. Similar results were observed for oocyte diameter in tissues cultured with 50, 100 or 200 ng/ml FGF‐2 (p < 0.05). However, the percentage of apoptotic cells only decreased (p < 0.05) in ovarian tissues cultured in 1 or 10 ng/ml FGF‐2 compared with the control medium and other FGF‐2 treatments. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the presence of FGF‐2 in ovine ovaries. Furthermore, 10 ng/ml FGF‐2 inhibits apoptosis and promotes ovine follicle growth. As the sheep ovary is more similar to that of humans, the culture system demonstrated in this work seems to be an appropriate tool for studies towards human folliculogenesis.  相似文献   

Chinese Box turtle (Cuora flavomarginata) with lymphoid leukemia characterized by immunohistochemical and cytochemical phenotyping     

Marisa Bezjian  Anh N. Diep  Ricardo de Matos  Deanna Schaefer 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2013,42(3):368-376

Lymphoid leukemia of T‐cell origin was diagnosed in a male Chinese Box turtle, Cuora flavomarginata, of approximately 25 years of age. The turtle presented with a history of anorexia, open‐mouth breathing, and lethargy for one week. The CBC findings included a mildly increased PCV, and severe leukocytosis due to high numbers of atypical cells interpreted to be blasts. The blasts were medium‐sized cells with round to pleomorphic nuclei, slightly clumped chromatin, indistinct nucleoli, and scant moderate‐to‐dark blue cytoplasm with occasional red‐to‐purple cytoplasmic granulation. Cytochemical and immunohistochemical staining indicated that the neoplastic cells were positive for CD3 and α‐naphthyl butyrate esterase (ANBE), leading to the diagnosis of T‐cell lymphoid leukemia. Histology of tissues collected at necropsy showed multifocal infiltrations of neoplastic round cells in the liver, spleen, kidneys, testicles, pancreas, thyroid, duodenum, bone marrow, epicardium, and myocardium. Transmission electron microscopy failed to identify viral particles within the neoplastic cells. This article describes the hematologic, histologic, and ultrastructural abnormalities associated with lymphoid leukemia in this turtle, and advanced diagnostic methods used for phenotyping the T‐cell origin.  相似文献