Host-plant specificity in the infection of cereals with Azospirillum spp     

Vera Lucia D. Baldani  Johanna Döbereiner 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1980,12(4):433-439

The specificity of the infection of maize, wheat and rice roots by N₂-fixing Azospirillum spp was studied in four greenhouse experiments using pots with unsterilized soil and in two field experiments. In all experiments A. lipoferum was most frequently isolated from externally sterilized roots of maize, and A. brasilense nir^? (nitrite reductase negative) from wheat and rice. In pot experiments, A. brasilense nir⁺ was isolated with moderate frequency from within maize roots but rarely from within wheat or rice roots. Inoculation of the pots with a mixture of representative strains of the three Azospirillum groups had no effect on the proportion of strains recovered from each plant species. In the field experiments, inoculation with spontaneous streptomycin-resistant mutants of two of the representative strains confirmed the apparent specificity of A. lipoferum for maize roots and of A. brasilense for wheat but the results were partially obscured by the unexpectedly high proportion of streptomycin-resistant strains isolated from within the roots of uninoculated plants.  相似文献   

Schabenbekämpfung mit „808”-Präparaten     

Dr. Vera Wellborn 《Journal of pest science》1935,11(6):67-68

Ohne Zusammenfassung Mit 1 Abbildung.  相似文献   

Effect of left vs. right recumbency on the vertebral heart score in normal dogs     

Adelaide Greco  Leonardo Meomartino  Vera Raiano  Gerardo Fatone  Arturo Brunetti 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(5):454-455

The effect of right vs. left recumbency on computation of the vertebral heart score (VHS) was assessed in 63 healthy dogs. The VHS was significantly higher in right lateral recumbency (9.8 +/- 0.6 vs. 9.5 +/- 0.8; P < 0.0004). Gender and dog size did not significantly influence VHS values while there was m oredifference between left and right side measurements when considering the type of thorax (P = 0.055).  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics and electrophysiological effects of sotalol hydrochloride in horses          下载免费PDF全文

B. Broux  D. De Clercq  A. Decloedt  L. Vera  M. Devreese  R. Gehring  S. Croubels  G. van Loon 《Equine veterinary journal》2018,50(3):377-383

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Dose–response effect of a pine bark extract on in vitro ruminal ammonia and methane formation kinetics     

N. Vera  C. Gutiérrez  R. Allende  P. Williams  C. Fuentealba 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2018,68(4):181-189

ABSTRACT

This study assessed the potential of a pine bark extract (PBE) to decrease methane (CH₄) and ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) production in vitro. Dietary substrates, mixed hay, soybean meal and corn grain, were supplemented 0, 2, 4 and 6% of PBE and incubated in an in vitro batch culture for 24-h. Incubations were run three times. Total gas production (GP) was determined at 6, 12 and 24-h and gas samples were analysed for CH₄. Samples were collected for volatile fatty acids (VFA) and NH₃-N analysis. Treatments were compared by polynomial contrasts for PBE concentration. Increasing PBE caused linear decreases in NH₃-N, microbial biomass production and digestibility, whereas the degradation rate was quadratically reduced. Total VFA were decreased but total GP and CH₄ production and kinetics were unaffected. The inclusion of 2% PBE in ruminant feed has the capability to reduce NH₃-N concentration by 50%, without affecting diet digestibility or CH₄ production.  相似文献   

Sugar Profile of Kernels as a Marker of Origin and Ripening Time of Peach (Prunus persicae L.)     

Marija Stanojević  Jelena Trifković  Milica Fotirić Akšić  Vera Rakonjac  Dragan Nikolić  Sandra Šegan  Dušanka Milojković-Opsenica 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2015,70(4):433-440

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Internal jugular vein phlebectasia in a one-year-old Warmblood stallion     

L. Vera  S. Muylle  G. van Loon  L. Gatel  A. Martens  K. Vanderperren 《Equine Veterinary Education》2021,33(7):e181-e185

Internal jugular vein phlebectasia (IJVP) is a saccular or fusiform dilation of the internal jugular vein without tortuosity. In human patients, it causes an asymptomatic intermittent unilateral swelling in the lower part of the neck. Although the diagnosis can be suggested based on the clinical features, confirmation by imaging techniques is necessary. This report describes the first reported case of IJVP in a one-year-old Warmblood horse. The horse was admitted with a large, soft intermittent swelling in the right jugular groove, especially when lowering the head. Ultrasound showed an enlarged vein (10 cm diameter) draining normally towards the heart. Furthermore, contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) revealed a large distention of the deep venous system on the right side of the neck. Due to uncertain future athletic performance and both the extent and the complexity of the venous dilation, surgical intervention was declined and the horse was subjected to euthanasia. Post-mortem dissection revealed a small right external jugular vein but a markedly dilated right internal jugular vein (10 cm diameter), which is normally absent in horses. Based on the imaging and necropsy findings, diagnosis of IJVP was  made.  相似文献   

Dimeric inhibitors of human salivary alpha-amylase from emmer (Triticum dicoccon Schrank) seeds     

Fontanini D  Capocchi A  Muccilli V  Saviozzi F  Cunsolo V  Saletti R  Foti S  Galleschi L 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(25):10452-10460

The proteins belonging to the cereal trypsin/alpha-amylase inhibitor family are abundant water/salt-soluble flour proteins active against alpha-amylases from several seed parasites and pests and inactive against endogenous alpha-amylases. Three alpha-amylase inhibitor families have been described in cereals that vary in size and are differently expressed among Triticeae seeds. The present work investigates the presence of human salivary alpha-amylase inhibitors in emmer (Triticum dicoccon Schrank) flour. The isolation was obtained by a series of chromatography steps, and the purification progress was monitored through the inhibition of human salivary alpha-amylase activity. The purified fraction was subjected to protein sequencing by tandem mass spectrometry (MSMS) of the tryptic digests obtained after the sample separation on 2-DE. MSMS data indicated that the emmer alpha-amylase inhibitory fraction was composed of two newly identified proteins [emmer dimeric inhibitor 1 (EDI-1) and emmer dimeric inhibitor 2 (EDI-2)] sharing very high identity levels with related proteins from Triticum aestivum.  相似文献   

Sugar fragmentation in the maillard reaction cascade: formation of short-chain carboxylic acids by a new oxidative alpha-dicarbonyl cleavage pathway     

Davídek T  Robert F  Devaud S  Vera FA  Blank I 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(18):6677-6684

The formation of short-chain carboxylic acids was studied in Maillard model systems (90 degrees C, pH 6-10) with emphasis on the role of oxygen and water. The total amount of acetic acid formed did not depend on the reaction atmosphere. In the presence of labeled dioxygen or water (18O2, H2 17O), labeled oxygen was partially incorporated into acetic acid. Thermal treatment of 1-deoxy-d-erythro-2,3-hexodiulose (1) and 3-deoxy-d-erythro-hexos-2-ulose in the presence of 17O-enriched water under alkaline conditions led to acetic and formic acid, respectively, as indicated by 17O NMR spectroscopy. The suggested mechanism involves an oxidative alpha-dicarbonyl cleavage leading to an intermediary mixed acid anhydride that releases the acids, e.g., acetic and erythronic acid, from 1. Similarly, glyceric and lactic acids were formed from 1-deoxy-3,4-hexodiuloses, corroborated by complementary analytical techniques. This paper provides for the first time evidence for the direct formation of acids from C6-alpha-dicarbonyls by an oxidative mechanism and incorporation of a 17OH group into the carboxylic moiety. The experimental data obtained support the coexistence of at least two newly described reaction mechanisms leading to carboxylic acids, i.e., (i) a hydrolytic beta-dicarbonyl cleavage as a major pathway and (ii) an alternative minor pathway via oxidative alpha-dicarbonyl cleavage induced by oxidizing species.  相似文献   

Constraints on dairy cattle productivity at the smallholder level in the Philippines     

Alejandrino AL  Asaad CO  Malabayabas B  De Vera AC  Herrera MS  Deocaris CC  Ignacio LM  Palo LP 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1999,38(2-3):167-178

Survey data on dairy cattle production were gathered in two sites [Site I (three-year survey) and Site II (two-year survey)] in Southern Luzon, Philippines. Crossbred (Holstein-Friesian x Sahiwal) dairy cows (n = 122) managed by smallholder farmers belonging to five primary cooperatives under the federation of dairy farmers, were monitored monthly for milk production, feed intake and availability, and reproduction and health status. The purpose of the survey was to identify constraints to productivity. The reproductive status of the cows was monitored by measuring milk and plasma progesterone concentrations by radioimmunoassay and rectal palpation of the ovaries. Plasma concentrations of selected metabolites [beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), inorganic phosphorus, albumin, globulin, urea] were also measured at one month before calving and at one month and 2-3 months postpartum, to determine if these could serve as biochemical indicators of nutritional stress. A long calving interval (CI = > 400 days) was identified as the major constraint to productivity of dairy cattle on smallholder farms. The three main problems related to this reproductive constraint were: (1) poor breeding management, in particular lack of accurate estrus detection; (2) repeat breeding, i.e. three or more services were required before conception; and (3) poor ovarian function, shown by some cows with lose progesterone levels. An important cause of these problems was undernutrition, particularly at critical periods of the cow's reproductive life, reflected in the slow recovery from loss in body weight and condition score during the early postpartum period and the increased plasma BHB values at peripartum period in some cows, indicative of negative energy balance, and the flat lactation profile. These findings are useful and relevant as a database in the development of an appropriate management scheme aimed toward improving dairy cattle production and productivity at smallholder level. It highlights the importance of estrus detection, good breeding management and the use of a practical strategic nutritional supplementation, particularly during stressful periods in the cows's reproductive life.  相似文献