Nutritional and biochemical studies on feeding of hydrolysed and unhydrolysed detoxified Jatropha curcas protein isolate in common carp fingerlings          下载免费PDF全文

Sajid Latif  Vikas Kumar  Timo Stadtlander  Harinder P S Makkar  Klaus Becker 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(12):3873-3887

Detoxified Jatropha protein isolate (DJPI), prepared from Jatropha seed cake was hydrolysed using Alcalase 2.4L FG. Both DJPI and hydrolysed DJPI (HDJPI) were evaluated as a fish meal (FM) replacement in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) diets. The peptide concentration in HDJPI was determined using matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometer (MALDI‐TOF). Twenty‐two peptides with molecular mass ranging from m/z 906.455 to 1774.943 Da were identified. Fingerlings (45; av. wt. 10.1 ± 0.4 g) were randomly distributed in five groups with three replicates. An 8‐week feeding experiment was conducted to compare the nutritional quality of the HDJPI, DJPI and FM. Fish were fed on iso‐nitrogenous diets: control (FM based protein), J₅₀ (50% of FM protein replaced by DJPI), J₇₅ (75% of FM protein replaced by DJPI), JH₅₀ (50% of FM protein replaced by HDJPI) and JH₇₅ (75% of FM protein replaced by HDJPI). Growth performance was higher for FM fed group compared with the other groups, while nutrient utilization parameters were similar for control and J₅₀ groups and superior (P < 0.05) to J₇₅ and both the HDJPI fed groups. No variation (P > 0.05) was observed in blood albumin and hepatosomatic index among all different groups. Blood urea nitrogen, calcium, sodium and potassium ions in the blood were similar among all five groups.  相似文献   

High dietary protein combats the stress of Labeo rohita fingerlings exposed to heat shock     

Kumar S  Sahu NP  Pal AK  Subramanian S  Priyadarshi H  Kumar V 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2011,37(4):1005-1019

The amelioration effect of high dietary protein against stress was evaluated in Labeo rohita fingerlings, exposed to heat shock. Two hundred and forty fingerlings (6.57 ± 0.04 g, average weight ± SE) were randomly distributed into 4 treatment groups, each with 4 replicates was fed with either of four diets containing different levels of protein (20, 30, 40 or 45%). Water temperatures of all the treatments were within the range of 25.5–26.5°C throughout the experimental period of 30 days. After 30 days of feeding, fish were given heat shock by exposing to 38°C for 2 h. Heat shock significantly decreased (P < 0.05) liver glycogen content in treatment groups fed with 20 and 30% dietary protein, whereas unaffected in the 40 and 45% protein-fed groups. Heat shock significantly increased (P < 0.05) serum glucose and cortisol level in all the treatments. The 40 and 45% dietary protein–fed groups registered significantly higher survival (%) after the heat shock compared with their lower-protein counterparts. Heat shock increased the glycolytic, gluconeogenic, protein metabolic and antioxidative enzymes to cope up with thermal stress. Our results indicate that high-protein diet (≥40%) combats the stress due to heat shock in Labeo rohita.  相似文献   

Crystal structures at megabar pressures determined by use of the cornell synchrotron source     

Vohra YK  Brister KE  Weir ST  Duclos SJ  Ruoff AL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,231(4742):1136-1138

X-ray diffraction studies have been carried out on alkali halide samples 10 micrometers in diameter (volume 10(-9) cubic centimeter) subjected to megabar pressures in the diamond anvil cell. Energy-dispersive techniques and a synchrotron source were used. These measurements can be used to detect crystallographic phase transitions. Cesium iodide was subjected to pressures of 95 gigapascals (fractional volume of 46 percent) and rubidium iodide to pressures of 89 gigapascals (fractional volume of 39 percent). Cesium iodide showed a transformation from the cubic B2 phase (cesium chloride structure) to a tetragonal phase and then to an orthorhombic phase, which was stable to 95 gigapascals. Rubidium iodide showed only a transition from the low-pressure cubic B1 phase (sodium chloride structure) to the B2 phase, which was stable up to 89 gigapascals.  相似文献   

Biochar effects on soil water infiltration and erosion under seal formation conditions: rainfall simulation experiment     

Vikas Abrol  Meni Ben-Hur  Frank G. A. Verheijen  Jacob J. Keizer  Martinho A. S. Martins  Haim Tenaw  Ludmilla Tchehansky  Ellen R Graber 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(12):2709-2719

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