Genotype-specific changes associated to early synthesis of autotetraploids in wild potato species     

Riccardo Aversano  Maria-Teresa Scarano  Giovanna Aronne  Immacolata Caruso  Vincenzo D’Amelia  Veronica De Micco  Carlo Fasano  Pasquale Termolino  Domenico Carputo 《Euphytica》2015,202(2):307-316

  相似文献   

What relative seafood prices can tell us about the status of stocks   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

John K Pinnegar  Trevor P Hutton  & Vincenzo Placenti 《Fish and Fisheries》2006,7(3):219-226

Changes in the distribution of seafood prices can provide useful insights into the availability of different species to fishermen and to fish markets. We propose a log‐relative‐price‐index (LRPI) and demonstrate how such a concept might be useful for exploring long‐term changes in wild fish communities as a result of intensive exploitation. We estimate the LRPI for 26 fish species in the Celtic Sea (UK) and for 33 species on Italian fish markets. In both systems the LRPI changed significantly during recent decades, and in the Celtic Sea this probably resulted from a decline in the availability of high trophic level target species such as cod and hake as well as an increase in the availability of low trophic level pelagic species. By contrast, the LRPI of Italian fishes remained relatively constant from 1972 to 1980, but declined thereafter as a result of widespread expansion in fin‐fish aquaculture, and a consequential increase in the supply, and hence decrease in the price of high trophic level fish such as seabass and seabream.  相似文献   

DNA fingerprinting and quality traits of Corbarino cherry-like tomato landraces     

Andreakis N  Giordano I  Pentangelo A  Fogliano V  Graziani G  Monti LM  Rao R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(11):3366-3371

Twenty-five landraces of the cherry-like tomato named Corbarino, a typical niche product grown in the Sarno valley of the Campania region, have been characterized. The landraces used have been compared to eight cultivars widely spread in the same area of cultivation. The genetic diversity within and between landraces was evaluated through the comparison of DNA fingerprints obtained with (GATA)(4) probe hybridized to TaqI digested genomic DNA. Twenty-two of the Corbarino landraces were homogeneous and were unequivocally characterized by their DNA fingerprints. The others are probably "population varieties" in that within each of them polymorphic DNA fragments were identified. According to the characterization of fruit shapes, four groups were identified. One landrace from each group, harvested at the same ripening degree, was further characterized for yield, fruit quality components, antioxidant activities, and carotenoid contents and compared to Faino F(1) and Tomito F(1) hybrids. The Corbarino landraces were all characterized by high yield, a high level of carbohydrates, and high levels of soluble and total solids. Interestingly, the biotype named ISCI 05 was the most suitable for canning. Landraces ISCI 07 and ISCI 05 gave the highest value of antioxidant activities and carotenoid content. These data, together with previously published results, suggested that ISCI 05 should be proposed for the institution of a Label of Origin.  相似文献   

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from Thymus spinulosus Ten. (Lamiaceae)     

De Feo V  Bruno M  Tahiri B  Napolitano F  Senatore F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(13):3849-3853

The chemical composition of essential oils from aerial parts of Thymus spinulosus Ten. (Lamiaceae) is reported. Four oils from plants growing in different environmental conditions were characterized by GC and GC-MS methods; the oils seem to indicate a new chemotype in the genus Thymus. Influences of soil and altitude characteristics on the essential oil composition are discussed. The oils showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative (Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimuium Ty2, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria.  相似文献   

Plasma disposition, concentration in the hair, and anthelmintic efficacy of eprinomectin after topical administration in donkeys     

Gokbulut C  Di Loria A  Gunay N  Masucci R  Veneziano V 《American journal of veterinary research》2011,72(12):1639-1645

  相似文献   

Fate of iprovalicarb, indoxacarb, and boscalid residues in grapes and wine by GC-ITMS analysis     

Angioni A  Dedola F  Garau VL  Schirra M  Caboni P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(12):6806-6812

The behavior in field and the transfer from grapes to wine during winemaking of iprovalicarb, indoxacarb, and boscalid was studied. The residue levels found in grapes were far below the MRLs set for grapes in EU, accounting at harvest time 0.81, 0.43, and 4.23 mg/kg for iprovalicarb, indoxacarb, and boscalid, respectively. The residue levels in the samples treated with boscalid may have residual problems (due to an accumulation effect) if repeated field treatments will be performed. Winemaking experiments showed a complete transfer of all pesticide from grapes to the must, while in wine the residues were low or negligible due to the adsorbing effect of lees and pomace. The clarification experiments showed a good removal of pesticide residues from the wine media, for all pesticides. The GC-ITMS method showed good performance with adequate recoveries ranging from 75 to 115%, and good method limits of quantitation (LOQs) and of determination (LODs) far below MRLs.  相似文献   

Varietal relationship between instrumental skin hardness and climate for grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.)     

Rolle L  Gerbi V  Schneider A  Spanna F  Río Segade S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(19):10624-10634

The main aims of this work were to classify 30 colored and white wine grape varieties according to the berry skin hardness, to assess the influence of annual variations in climate on the berry skin hardness, and to establish significant relationships among berry skin mechanical properties and some climatic-bioclimatic indices calculated for different grape-ripening periods, close to the harvest date. The results obtained show that the most influential bioclimatic indices on the skin mechanical attributes were temperature parameters. In the same season, the influence of the production area was also evaluated, precipitation parameters being the best correlated with the berry skin hardness. This first work has permitted us to know the relationship among skin texture characteristics and seasonal climatic indices.  相似文献   

Effect of passive transfer status on preweaning growth performance in dairy goat kids     

Massimini G  Mastellone V  Britti D  Lombardi P  Avallone L 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,231(12):1873-1877

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of passive transfer status (determined from measurements of serum IgG concentration at 24 hours after parturition [sIgG-24]) on preweaning growth performance in dairy goat kids. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. ANIMALS: 20 healthy nursing dairy doe kids in a natural nonintensive breeding environment. PROCEDURES: For each kid, sIgG-24 was measured. Body weight was measured at birth and at the time of weaning 30 days (ie, 29 to 31 days) after birth; average daily gain from birth to day 30 and weight at day 30 were used as measures of preweaning growth performance. Regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between sIgG-24 and measures of preweaning growth performance. RESULTS: Mean +/- SD sIgG-24 was 31.7 +/- 10.3 mg/mL. Mean body weights at birth and weaning were 4.105 +/- 0.981 kg (9.031 +/- 2.158 lb) and 9.310 +/- 2.554 kg (20.482 +/- 5.619 lb), respectively; average daily gain was 0.174 +/- 0.072 kg/d (0.383 +/- 0.158 lb/d). No significant association was detected between sIgG-24 and birth weight. However, sIgG-24 was significantly associated with average daily gain (R(2) = 0.48) and weight at day 30 (R(2) = 0.56). Each increase in sIgG-24 of 1 mg/mL was associated with an increase in average daily gain of 0.005 kg/d (0.011 lb/d) and an increase in weight at day 30 of 0.185 kg (0.407 lb). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that passive transfer status (determined as sIgG-24) was a significant source of variation in preweaning growth performance in dairy doe kids reared in this nonintensive breeding environment.  相似文献   

Attenuation of allergic contact dermatitis through the endocannabinoid system     

Karsak M  Gaffal E  Date R  Wang-Eckhardt L  Rehnelt J  Petrosino S  Starowicz K  Steuder R  Schlicker E  Cravatt B  Mechoulam R  Buettner R  Werner S  Di Marzo V  Tüting T  Zimmer A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5830):1494-1497

Allergic contact dermatitis affects about 5% of men and 11% of women in industrialized countries and is one of the leading causes for occupational diseases. In an animal model for cutaneous contact hypersensitivity, we show that mice lacking both known cannabinoid receptors display exacerbated allergic inflammation. In contrast, fatty acid amide hydrolase-deficient mice, which have increased levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide, displayed reduced allergic responses in the skin. Cannabinoid receptor antagonists exacerbated allergic inflammation, whereas receptor agonists attenuated inflammation. These results demonstrate a protective role of the endocannabinoid system in contact allergy in the skin and suggest a target for therapeutic intervention.  相似文献   

Evaluation of biological quality of protein concentrates from different vegetable protein sources     

Paola Corcos Benedetti  Giovanna Bises  Vincenzo Gentili  Maria Antonietta Spadoni 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1983,33(2-3):179-186

The quality of protein concentrates coming from conventional and non-conventional vegetable sources was evaluated. The protein quality was assessed by the multi-point assay RPV. Whole body weight gain, weight gain corrected for the gastrointestinal content (G.I.), total body nitrogen and total liver nitrogen were used as response parameters. The various protein sources ranked differently depending upon the response parameters utilized, but a great majority of the sources had a good nutritional value (over 0.5). The gastrointestinal content is one of the principal factors responsible for the differences found. However, even after correcting for the G.I. content, some differences remained. For the various protein sources, the nitrogen deposition in the liver correlates satisfactorily with the whole body nitrogen deposition, if in the calculation of the regression line, the data for faba bean and tobacco were omitted (respectivelyr=0.610 andr=0.925). On the whole, these data indicate that most plant protein concentrates in suitable combinations and properly processed, may become a promising alternative to animal proteins.  相似文献