Use of encounter data to model spatio‐temporal distribution patterns of endangered smalltooth sawfish,Pristis pectinata,in the western Atlantic          下载免费PDF全文

John D. Waters  Rui Coelho  Joana Fernandez‐Carvalho  Amy A. Timmers  Tonya Wiley  Jason C. Seitz  Matthew T. Mcdavitt  George H. Burgess  Gregg R. Poulakis 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2014,24(6):760-776

Morphological characterisation of Australian ex situ wild rice accessions and potential for identifying novel sources of tolerance to phosphorus deficiency     

Cecile C. Julia  Daniel L. E. Waters  Rachel H. Wood  Terry J. Rose 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2016,63(2):327-337

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The importance of FMDV localisation in lymphoid tissue     

Juleff ND  Maree FF  Waters R  Bengis RG  Charleston B 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2012,148(1-2):145-148

Foot-and-mouth disease virus, a highly contagious pathogen that can cause lameness, low weight and decreased milk production, is a scourge of agricultural livestock around the world. Although the acute phase of infection is rarely fatal, infection may persist in animals that have apparently recovered, creating a viral reservoir that some fear could contribute to the spread of disease. We have used an array of molecular techniques to search for traces of virus in tissues from the mouths and throats of infected cattle. In a carefully controlled study, we have found evidence of intact, non-replicating virus particles trapped by follicular dendritic cells within the germinal centres of lymph nodes. Strikingly, virus was present for up to 38 days post infection, even though it was undetectable in surrounding tissues. The retention of intact virus within germinal centres is likely to have a role in stimulating the long lasting immune response that is characteristic of viral infections. Our data suggests that this capture may also be responsible for preserving intact viruses capable of infecting susceptible cells as they come into contact with germinal centres. African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) are typically infected with all three South African Territories types of FMDV by 2 years of age and these viruses can be transmitted to farmed livestock. Buffalo harbour persistent virus in greater amounts and for longer periods than cattle and thus provided us with further opportunities to define the sites of viral localisation.  相似文献   

Phosphorus supplements and fluorosis in cattle—a northern Australian experience     

TF JUBB  TE ANNAND  DC MAIN  GM MURPHY 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(10):379-383

SUMMARY Chronic fluoride toxicosis caused lameness, dental lesions and illthrift in an extensive beef cattle herd in northern Australia. Up to 15% of the herd was lame and the disease forced the culling of large numbers of cows. The source of fluoride was fertiliser-grade monoammonium and diammonlum phosphate fed as part of a mineral supplement. Large quantities of mineral supplement were provided to the cattle because lameness was attributed to phosphorus deficiency, which is endemic in the area. Most lameness developed in the late dry season in the post-lactation phase. Severe lameness was caused by fractured pedal bones.  相似文献   

KINETICS OF DICHLOBENIL DEGRADATION IN SOIL   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M. MONTGOMERY  TE C. YU  V. H. FREED 《Weed Research》1972,12(1):31-36

Summary. The rates of degradation of dichlobenil (2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile) in soil were determined at 67 and 267°C. The degradation followed first-order kinetics but at 67°C this occurred after an initial lag period of 10 weeks. The half-lives were 28 weeks (+ 10 weeks lag) at 6.7°C and 19 weeks at 26.7°C. The activation energy for the decomposition was the relatively low value of 3.57 kcal/mole, indicating that the degradation of dichlobenil is not as markedly affected by temperature as that of many other herbicides. The only detectable metabolite was 2,6-dichlorobenzamide, a compound that should have a substantially lower vapour pressure and a higher affinity for surfaces than the parent compound. Cinétique de la dégradation du dichlobénil dans le sol Résumé. Les taux de dégradation du dichlobénil (2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile) dans le sol ont été détermines à 6,7 et 26,7°C. La déSgradation suivit une loi cinétique du premier ordre, mais à 6,7°C ceci se produisit aprés une période initiate de latence de 10 semaines. Les demi-vies furent de 28 semaines (plus 10 semaines de latence) a 6,7°C et 19 semaines à. 26,7°C. L'énergie d'activation pour la décomposition s'établit à la valeur relativement faible de 3,57 kcal/mole; ceci indique que la dégradation du dichlobénil n'est pas aussi profondément affcctée par la température quc celle de beaucoup d'autres herbicides. Le seul métabolite detectable fut le 2,6-dichlorobenzamide, composé qui devrait avoir une pression de vapeur notablement plus faible et une affinité plus grande pour les surfaces que le composé apparenté. Kinetik des Dichlohenil-Abbaus im Boden Zusammenfassung. Es wurde die Abbaugeschwindigkeit von Dichlobenil (2,6-Dichlorbenzonitril) im Boden bei 6,7°C und 26,7°C bestinimt. Der Abbau entsprach einer Reaktion erster Ordnung. Bei 6,7°G setzte der Abbau nach einer lag-Phase von 10 Wochen ein. Die Halbwertzeiten betrugen 28 Wochen (+10 Wochen lag-Phase) bei 6,7°C und 19 Wochen bei 26,7°C. Die Aktivierungsenergie war verhältnisniässig niedrig und betrug 3,57 Kcal/Mol und zeigt, dass der Abbau von Dichlobenil durch Temperatur nicht so stark beeinflusst wird wie bei vielen anderen Herbiziden. Der einzige nachweisbare Metabolit war 2,6-Dichlorbenzamid, der einen wcsentlich nieddgeren Dampfdruck und eine grössere Affinität gegenüber Oberfiächen haben dürfte als die ursprüngliche Verbindung.  相似文献   

Study of crib-biting and gastric inflammation and ulceration in young horses     

Nicol CJ  Davidson HP  Harris PA  Waters AJ  Wilson AD 《The Veterinary record》2002,151(22):658-662

Nineteen young horses that had recently started to perform the stereotypy of crib-biting were compared with 16 non-stereotypic horses for 14 weeks. After initial observations of their behaviour and an endoscopic examination of the condition of their stomachs, the horses were randomly allocated to a control or an antacid diet At the start of the trial, the stomachs of the crib-biting foals were significantly more ulcerated and inflamed than the stomachs of the normal foals. In addition, the faecal pH of the crib-biting foals (6.05) was significantly lower than that of the normal foals (6.58). The antacid diet resulted in a significant improvement in the condition of the horses' stomachs. The crib-biting behaviour declined in most of the foals, regardless of their diet, but tended to decline to a greater extent in the foals on the antacid diet.  相似文献   

Regulation of insecticide resistance-related cytochrome P-450 expression in Drosophila melanogaster     

Larry C. Waters  Carroll E. Nix 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1988,30(3)

Two protein bands, resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, account for most of the cytochrome P-450 in Drosophila melanogaster. P-450-A is ubiquitous among strains tested; whereas P-450-B is unique to certain strains. Dimethylnitrosamine demethylase activity is associated with P-450-B. Biochemical and genetic analyses showed that genes located on chromosome II were required for P-450-B expression. These genes were mapped within an interval that includes a major insecticide-resistance locus. Regulatory loci on chromosome III were required for maximum expression of P-450-B. One of these regulatory loci was mapped at another major resistance locus on chromosome III. There was a good correlation between P-450-B expression and resistance to phenylurea among the different strains tested. These results indicate that Drosophila can be a useful model to study the molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance.  相似文献   

Production responses of laying hens to 28 h bright:dim light cycles using different light intensity ratios and a 24 h temperature regimen   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C J Waters  S P Rose  P R Bampton 《British poultry science》1987,28(2):207-212

Seven hundred and twenty laying hens housed in 8 environmentally-controlled rooms were changed from a 24 h light:dark cycle to a 28 h ahemeral bright:dim cycle. The ahemeral cycles consisted of periods of bright and dim light in ratios of intensity: 5:1, 10:1 and 30:1. The last regimen was applied either at a constant 21 degrees C or with a 24 h alternating temperature varying between 21 and 31 degrees C. Eggs were collected hourly from each bird for 5 d immediately before the introduction of ahemeral cycles and then over the same period 2 weeks after introduction. The interval between successive eggs within sequences lengthened with increasing bright:dim ratios. The increase in egg weight and decrease in deformation score were not significant. Total egg mass output was not altered. The cycling temperature regimen did not alter the entrainment of the birds, although intra-sequence interval decreased. The decrease in egg weight and increase in deformation score were not significant.  相似文献   

Isolation,Culture and Identification of Testis Sertoli Cells in Mongolian Horses in vitro     

SONG Lianjie  CUI Yingying  ZHAO Yiping  BAI Dongyi  REN Xiujuan  TE Rigele  DUGARJAVIIN Manglai  LI Bei 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(9):2751-2758

To study a simple and rapid separation of testis Sertoli cells in Mongolian horses and ensure their activity,the testis tissue of two-year-old Mongolian horses was mechanically isolated under a low temperature environment in this experiment,and 1-3 g of testis tissue was chopped,the free red blood cells and interstitial cells were removed by gravity precipitation method.0.1% collagenase Ⅳ and 0.25% trypsin-EDTA were used for tissue digestion, and cells were cultured in medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.After inoculation,the purified Sertoli cells were isolated and purified by differential sticking method,and the impurity cells were removed by Tris-HCl infiltration method,and were identified by alkaline phosphatase (AKP) staining,HE staining and Real-time quantitative PCR.The results showed that most of the cells began to adhere to the wall after culture 24 h,and the shape of the cells was oval.After culture 48 h,the cytoplasm increased and the refraction became stronger.After culture 3-4 d,the cytoplasm of the cells expanded into tight junction.At this time,the cells were triangular with obvious nucleoli.After culture 6-7 d,the cells entered the stable phase.Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that the expression of GATA4 and GDNF genes were extremely significantly expressed in cultured cells (P<0.01).AKP staining supported the negative expression in Sertoli cells,indicating that the isolated cultured cells were indeed Sertoli cells.In this experiment,tissue was treated by mechanical separation and two-step enzyme digestion,and testicular support cells were obtained quickly and efficiently,the method of culturing Sertoli cells in Mongolian horses testis in vitro was successfully constructed.  相似文献   

Coagulation status in dogs with naturally occurring Angiostrongylus vasorum infection          下载免费PDF全文

S. Adamantos  S. Waters  A. Boag 《The Journal of small animal practice》2015,56(8):485-490

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