Diagnostic ultrasound in veterinary practice: How safe is it?     

MM HORDER  SB BARNETT†  MJ EDWARDS 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,73(1):10-15

This paper provides information on the safety of ultrasonic diagnostic procedures as currently used in veterinary practice. The known mechanisms of action are described and selected literature on biological effects of ultrasound is reviewed. Current international consensus is presented on the safety of medical ultrasound with respect to thermal effects. To date, there is no independently verified clinical evidence that the level of exposure delivered to the tissues during scanned grey-scale (‘B-mode’) imaging has any adverse effects. Lung haemorrhage has been observed in animal experiments using diagnostic exposures, but the effects have not been reported in the foetus. Equipment that uses pulsed Doppler transmits higher acoustic outputs in a stationary beam, and can produce temperature increases that may have significant biological consequences. When considering sonographic and pulsed Doppler examinations of the prenatal animal, the safety margins are small and the operator should be aware of the acoustic output of the equipment, the exposure time, and the sensitivity of target tissues.  相似文献   

David Meredith Armstrong     

MJ KABAY 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(12):339-339

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Trials with chlorpyrifos (Dursban) as a systemic insecticide against the cattle louse.     

E C Loomis  P G Lobb  A N Webster 《The Veterinary record》1976,98(9):168-170

Data for louse control are presented chiefly on chlorpyrifos (Dursban) 0, 0-diethyl 0-(3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothioate and fenchlorphos in one trial and chlorpyrifos and famphur in three trials. These animal systemics were tested on 168 dairy calves in four herds located in three regions of the North Island, New Zealand. Louse control, following single backline, dermal applications, showed 80%, 87% and 100% with dosages of chlorpyrifos at 5 mg, 13 mg and 20 to 200 mg per kg, respectively, and 100% and 93% with dosages of famphur at 20 mg per kg, respectively. Poor louse control (24 to 58%) with fenchlorphos was expected since this compound requires two applications 14 days apart. Ovicidal effect was demonstrated with chlorpyrifos and famphur. Minor scurfing and hair loss occurred on some calves with all compounds, but hair coats were normal 28 days after treatment. Calves given 100 mg to 200 mg per kg chlorpyrifos showed signs of organophosphate toxicity from 5 mins to 90 mins post-treatment but were normal thereafter.  相似文献   

The CVMA Pet Food Certification Program          下载免费PDF全文

Webster L 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(7):554-556

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Ontario. Rabies in a squirrel   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

Webster WA  Casey GA  Charlton KM 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(12):1015

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Living polymerization methods     

Webster OW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,251(4996):887-893

Living polymerization techniques can be used to achieve a high degree of control over polymer chain architecture. Examples of the type of polymers that can be synthesized include block copolymers, comb-shaped polymers, multiarmed polymers, ladder polymers, and cyclic polymers. This control of structure, in turn, results in polymers with widely diverse physical properties, even though they are made from readily available low-cost monomers.  相似文献   

Mechanisms underlying Phalaris aquatica "sudden death" syndrome in sheep     

CA BOURKE  MJ CARRIGAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(7):165-167

Twenty outbreaks of Phalaris aquatica "sudden death" syndrome in sheep were investigated between 1981 and 1991. Four were confirmed and one was suspected, to be a cardiac disorder; 5 were confirmed and 3 were suspected, to be a polioencephalomalacic disorder; the aetiology of the remaining 7 outbreaks could not be determined. Potentially toxic levels of hydrocyanic acid (20 to 36 mg/100 g) were measured in the 3 toxic phalaris pastures tested. The measurement of potentially toxic levels of nitrate nitrogen (2920 micrograms/g) in toxic phalaris pastures by others, was noted. It is suggested that phalaris "sudden death" syndrome could have as many as 4 different underlying mechanisms, and that these might reflect the presence in the plant of a cardio-respiratory toxin, a thiaminase and amine co-substate, cyanogenic compounds, and nitrate compounds.  相似文献   

Career options for veterinary students graduating in 2000 A.D. - A western Canadian viewpoint          下载免费PDF全文

Armstrong KR  Ferguson JB  Janzen ED  Webster FL 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1992,33(9):581-583

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Eastern Canada. Rabies diagnoses, January 1 to December 31, 1988          下载免费PDF全文

Casey A  Webster A  Charlton K 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):522

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Use of clomipramine in the treatment of anxiety-related and obsessive-compulsive disorders in cats   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K. SEKSEL  MJ LINDEMAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(5):317-321

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of a treatment protocol for anxiety-related and obsessive-compulsive disorders in cats.
Design A study was undertaken to assess the clinical response in cats diagnosed with anxiety-related or obsessive-compulsive disorders to a treatment regimen that included clomipramine and behaviour modification.
Procedure The study group of 11 cats was acquired through referral. A detailed behavioural and clinical history was obtained. Presenting signs were urine spraying in seven cases, overgrooming in three and excessive vocalisation in one. Clomipramine was administered orally once daily. The mean starting dose was 0.4 mg/kg. If necessary, the dose was adjusted according to the clinical response of each cat. A behaviour modification program was designed and the owner instructed on its implementation. Cats were to continue on medication for at least 1 month after clinical signs disappeared, then medication withdrawal was to be attempted by decreasing the clomipramine dose progressively at weekly intervals while the behaviour modification program continued.
Results In all cases the presenting clinical sign was largely improved or disappeared. One cat was removed from the study by the owner. Four cats became lethargic at higher doses, but this resolved when the clomipramine dose was reduced. The average maintenance dosage was 0.3 mg/kg once daily. Clomipramine withdrawal was attempted in two cases: the behaviour returned in one case and the medication was reinstated at 0.3 mg/kg twice daily.
Conclusion Clomipramine was effective in controlling the signs of anxiety-related and obsessive-compulsive disorders in 10 of 10 assessable cases when used in combination with behaviour modification. Clomipramine was well tolerated.  相似文献