Arabinogalactan protein from Jatropha curcas L. seeds as TGFβ1-mediated inductor of keratinocyte in vitro differentiation and stimulation of GM-CSF,HGF, KGF and in organotypic skin equivalents     

Janina Zippel  Thomas Wells  Andreas Hensel 《Fitoterapia》2010

Arabinogalactan protein JC from Jatropha curcas seed endosperm (mean molecular weight 140 kDa) was isolated by cold water extraction and characterized concerning sugar and amino acid composition. At 10 and 100 µg/mL JC stimulated mitochondrial activity (MTT test) of human skin cells (HaCaT keratinocytes, fibroblasts) and the ATP status of primary keratinocytes. JC did not influence the cellular proliferation, while primary keratinocytes were triggered into differentiation status. Investigations on a potential mode of action of JC were performed on complex organotypic skin equivalents. JC induced the production of HGF, KGF and TGFβ, with TGFβ being the main inductor for the differentiation-inducing effect of JC. Also the expression of GM-CSF was stimulated strongly by JC.  相似文献   

Inclusion of camelina meal as a protein source in diets for farmed Atlantic cod Gadus morhua          下载免费PDF全文

Stefanie M Hixson  Christopher C Parrish  Jeanette S Wells  E Marie Winkowski  Derek M Anderson 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(8):2607-2622

Camelina meal Camelina sativa (CM) is a potential protein source in aquaculture feeds, because of its crude protein level (39%) and essential amino acids. Two feeding experiments were conducted with Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. Cod in Experiment I (19.4 g fish^?1) were fed diets with 0%, 12% or 24% CM for 9.5 weeks at 10°C; and cod in Experiment II (14.4 g fish^?1) were fed diets with 0%, 15%, 30% or 40% CM for 13 weeks at 10°C. Growth, lipid and amino acid tissue composition were compared amongst cod fed varying levels of CM. In Experiment I, cod could tolerate the highest level of CM inclusion (24%) without affecting growth compared to cod fed the control diet. In Experiment II, growth performance was significantly affected at 30% CM inclusion compared to the control treatment, and cod fed 15% CM displayed some signs of depressed growth (reduced feed intake and weight gain). Both treatment and duration were interacting factors (P = 0.015) that determined growth performance when comparing both experiments. Muscle tissue composition was relatively unaltered with less than 30% CM inclusion; however, multivariate statistics revealed significant differences in muscle tissue fatty acid composition between cod fed 40% CM and the control diet. The tissue amino acid profile was generally unaltered because the dietary amino acid profile was consistent after CM inclusion. A few antinutritive compounds in CM may have affected palatability in diets with greater than 30% CM inclusion, which may have resulted in reduced growth performance.  相似文献   

Prediction of vertical soil organic carbon profiles using soil properties and environmental tracer data at an untilled site     

T. Wells  G.R. Hancock  C. Dever  D. Murphy 《Geoderma》2012

Soil organic carbon (SOC) has considerable spatial and temporal variability both at the hillslope and catchment scale as well as down the soil profile. In recent years the distribution of SOC down the soil profile has become an area of interest in the understanding of the carbon sequestration potential of soils. Most studies however have concentrated on highly disturbed agricultural sites with little data available for untilled locations. In this study the vertical distribution of SOC is examined at a grassland site in the Young River area of Western Australia that has remained undisturbed by human activity for 50 years. Soil physical properties (texture, rock content) as well as the distribution of the environmental tracers ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb were assessed with the aim of better understanding the transport processes which produce the observed vertical distribution of SOC. While no consistent relationship was found between SOC and soil physical properties significant relationships were found between the distribution of SOC and the environmental tracers, ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb. Finite element simulations based on a diffusion/convection/decay model showed that the transport of ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb down the soil profile is likely to be driven by the same (primarily diffusive) processes. The same model used in conjunction with plant input and decay data generated from the RothC-26.3 soil carbon model revealed that transport of SOC down the soil profile, while also a diffusion process, was significantly slower indicating that different processes and/or pathways are involved in SOC transport at this site.  相似文献   

与土壤盐碱性有关的水稻生产问题     

N.A.Slaton  B.R.Wells  D.M.Miller  C.E.Wilson  Jr.and R.J.Norman  王志春 《北方水稻》2001,(4):37-38

最近阿肯色大学承担了“与土壤盐碱有关的水稻和大豆生产上存在的问题”的研究课题 ,目的是为深入研究和建立最佳管理模型奠定基础。过去在水稻生产问题的性质和定义方面 ,许多概念含糊不清。因此 ,“生产问题”的准确描述对于科学家、咨询机构及种植者了解、研究和解决这些问题非常必要。1　问题的确定在传统水稻———大豆轮作过程中遇到的问题起初都被定义为“与土壤有关的问题”。由于连续灌溉 ,许多所谓的“土壤问题”实质上是经常使用劣质水灌溉的一种直接结果。大多数问题表现在有机质含量低的粉砂或砂壤土上。这些土壤缓冲性很低 ,…  相似文献   

Bioavailability of tryptophan in selected foods by rat growth assay     

F. E. McDonough  C. E. Bodwell  P. A. Wells  J. A. Kamalu 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1989,39(1):85-91

Tryptophan bioavailabilities were estimated in 16 protein sources using 10 day rat growth assays with casein as the reference protein. Growth responses of rats fed test food diets were compared to growth responses of rats fed basal diets with graded levels of tryptophan ranging from 50 to 100 mg of tryptophan/100 g diet. Estimates of tryptophan availabilities were 85–100% for all products except whole wheat cereal (73%) and pinto beans (59%). Results of a previous study on lysine availability indicated that poor response to pinto beans was due either to poor digestibility or to the presence of some unidentified growth inhibitor.  相似文献   

Detection and differentiation of Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium genavense by polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion analysis.     

M K Mendenhall  S L Ford  C L Emerson  R A Wells  L G Gines  I S Eriks 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2000,12(1):57-60

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Nature in Norfolk: A heritage in trust: By Norfolk Naturalists Trust Ltd. Jarrold,Norwich, 1976. 192 pp., 24·5 × 19·5 cm. Price: £3·50     

T.C.E. Wells 《Biological conservation》1977,12(2):159-160

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Di-Section--a Dorsalgic Errata     

Walker R  Seifriz W  Ketcham HH  Mateer F  Calkins FC  Wells FL  Appleby A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1952,116(3018):486-488

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Pathogenesis of BSE     

Wells GA 《Veterinary research communications》2003,27(Z1):25-28

Before the emergence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and recognition of its zoonotic potential, the major example of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) of animals was scrapie of sheep. But there is no evidence that scrapie transmits naturally to any species other than sheep and goats. The pathogenesis of scrapie has been studied most in experimental laboratory rodent species. In most experimental models of scrapie, after peripheral non-neural routes of infection, replication of the agent can first be detected in lymphoreticular system (LRS) tissue. When the route of introduction of agent into the body is localized, initial involvement will be in LRS tissue draining the infection site. Thereafter, there is a striking amplification of the agent in the LRS and spread by lymphatic/haematogenous routes, giving widespread dissemination in the LRS. This precedes replication in the CNS, but is not the means by which infection reaches the CNS. There is now substantial evidence from experimental models of scrapie that involvement of the CNS is by peripheral nervous system (PNS) pathways. In some models employing oral exposure the earliest localized LRS replication is in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and autonomic PNS routing to the CNS has been implicated. However, the relative importance of different routes of spread of TSEs within the body is determined by a number of host- and agent-dependent factors and, therefore, generalizations from an experimental model to a natural disease across a species barrier may not be appropriate. With the occurrence of BSE and recognition of its food-borne route of transmission via meat and bone meal, has come greater awareness of the probable importance of the oral route of infection in ruminant species affected by TSEs. In consequence, studies have increasingly focused on the natural host species to examine pathogenetic events.  相似文献   

The evaluation of a new rapid milk progesterone test as an aid to improving dairy herd fertility     

A I Worsfold  J M Booth  P W Wells  A C Huddart  C J Stanley 《The British veterinary journal》1987,143(1):83-87

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