Insecticidal and antifungal activity of a protein from Pouteria torta seeds with lectin-like properties     

Boleti AP  Freire Md  Coelho MB  Silva Wd  Baldasso PA  Gomes VM  Marangoni S  Novello JC  Macedo ML 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(7):2653-2658

This paper describes the purification and characterization of a novel protein from the seeds of Pouteria torta (family Sapotaceae). The protein was purified by a combination of gel filtration, ion-exchange, and reverse phase chromatographies. SDS-PAGE of the purified protein resulted in a single protein band of 14 kDa in the presence and absence of DTT. The lectin-like activity of pouterin was best inhibited by glycoproteins such as fetuin, asialofetuin, heparin, orosomucoid, and ovoalbumin. Pouterin inhibited the growth of the fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum musae and of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The incorporation of pouterin into an artificial diet (final concentration = 0.12%, w/w) caused 50% mortality in larvae of the insect Callosobruchus maculatus, whereas 0.08% pouterin produced an ED50.  相似文献   

Mucin biosynthesis in the bovine goblet cell induced by Cooperia oncophora infection     

Robert W. Li  Congjun Li  Theodore H. Elsasser  George Liu  Wesley M. Garrett  Louis C. Gasbarre 《Veterinary parasitology》2009,165(3-4):281-289

Mucin hypersecretion is considered to be one of the most common components of the immune response to gastrointestinal nematode infection. However, investigations have not been conducted in the Cattle–Cooperia oncophora system to verify the findings largely derived from murine models. In this study, we examined the expression of seven mucins and seven enzymes in the mucin biosynthesis pathway involved in O-linked glycosylation in the bovine small intestine including goblet cells enriched using laser capture microdissection during a primary C. oncophora infection. At the mRNA level, MUC2 expression was significantly higher in both lamina propria and goblet cells at 28 days post-infection compared to the naïve control. MUC5B expression at the mRNA level was also higher in lamina propria at 28 dpi. Expression of MUC1, MUC4, MUC5AC, and MUC6 was extremely low or not detectable in goblet cells, columnar epithelial cells, and lamina propria from both naïve control and infected animals. Among the seven enzymes involved in post-translational O-linked glycosylation of mucins, GCNT3, which may represent one of the key rate-limiting steps in mucin biosynthesis, was up-regulated in goblet cells, columnar epithelial cells, lamina propria, and gross small intestine tissue during the course of infection. Western blot analysis revealed that MUC2 glycoprotein was strongly induced by infection in both gross small intestine tissue and its mucosal layer. In contrast, the higher MUC5B protein expression was observed only in the mucosal layer. Immunohistochemistry provided further evidence of the mucin glycoprotein production and localization. Our results provided insight into regulation of mucin biosynthesis in various cell types in the bovine small intestine during gastrointestinal nematode infection and will facilitate our understanding of mucins and their role in immune response against parasitic nematodes.  相似文献   

Protecting Brazil's coastal wetlands     

Scarlate Rovai A  Palamar Menghini R  Schaeffer-Novelli Y  Cintrón Molero G  Coelho C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6076):1571-1572

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Prevalence of coronavirus antibodies in Iowa swine.          下载免费PDF全文

R D Wesley  R D Woods  J D McKean  M K Senn    Y Elazhary 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1997,61(4):305-308

Three hundred and forty-seven serum samples from 22 Iowa swine herds were screened for TGEV/PRCV neutralizing antibody. Ninety-one percent of the sera and all 22 herds were positive. These sera were then tested by the blocking ELISA test to distinguish TGEV and PRCV antibody. The ELISA test confirmed the high percentage of TGEV/PRCV positive sera. By the blocking ELISA test, 12 herds were PRCV positive, 6 herds were TGEV positive and 4 herds were mixed with sera either positive for TGEV or PRCV antibody. The results suggest a recent increase in TGEV/PRCV seroprevalence in Iowa swine most likely due to subclinical PRCV infections.  相似文献   

Molecular genetic studies on processing traits of wheat flour     

R. Appels  P. Gras  B.C. Clarke  R. Anderssen  I. Wesley  F. Békés 《Euphytica》2001,119(1-2):49-54

Advances in the genetic mapping of wheat, the molecular interpretationof flour processing traits and large-scale sequencing of genes expressed inendosperm tissue are currently converging to define the genes thatunder-pin key quality traits. In order to achieve this, accurate definitions ofa phenotype such as dough extensibility are essential and in this paper amolecular/genetic analysis of this trait is presented. Studies carried out onthe small-scale Mixograph have provided the data to indicate that themixing action in this system develops the dough through multipleelongate-rupture-relax cycles of the flour/water mixture. The measurementcan be used to define a variable we refer to as `M-extensibility', a measurevery closely related to the traditional extensibility measurement and mostlikely a sub-component of this `classical' assessment. Analyses based onmolecular genetic maps have shown that both LMW and HMW gluteninloci most likely account for significant variation in M-extensibility. Inaddition, it is evident that genes on chromosome 2 also contribute andwork is in progress to characterize these genes. The possibility will bediscussed that new seed storage protein genes being discovered from theanalysis of 5000 cDNA's from endosperm tissue (8–12 days post anthesis)have a role to play in M-extensibility.  相似文献   

SCAR and CAPS markers flanking the Brassica oleracea L. Pp523 downy mildew resistance locus demarcate a genomic region syntenic to the top arm end of Arabidopsis thaliana L. chromosome 1     

Mário Farinhó  Paula Coelho  António Monteiro  José Leitão 《Euphytica》2007,157(1-2):215-221

We recently mapped the Pp523 locus that includes a single, dominant gene conferring resistance to downy mildew expressed in adult plants to a 75.1 cm long linkage group on a genetic linkage map of Brassica oleracea L. More recently, we identified a new AFLP marker 2.8 cm downstream from the resistance gene. The five DNA markers within an 8.5 cm region encompassing the Pp523 gene were cloned and sequenced. Three of these markers were transformed into SCARs (sequence characterised amplified regions), however, two among them were monomorphic and were analysed as CAPS (cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence) markers among the mapping population. Searched against genomic databases, the five B. oleracea DNA-marker sequences matched Arabidopsis thaliana L. gene sequences that delimit a conserved syntenic region in the top arm end of chromosome 1 of this last species. Considering the close genetic relatedness between both species, the information on this specific genomic region in A. thaliana is particularly useful for the construction of a fine-scale map of the corresponding genomic region in B. oleracea. The identified SCAR and CAPS markers can be used for marker assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs aimed at the introgression of the Pp523 resistance locus, allowing the reliable indirect identification of plants harbouring the resistance gene with a margin of error of approximately six in ten-thousand selected plants.  相似文献   

Sample size calculations for studies designed to evaluate diagnostic test accuracy     

Adam J. Branscum  Wesley O. Johnson  Ian A. Gardner 《Journal of Agricultural, Biological & Environmental Statistics》2007,12(1):112-127

We developed a Bayesian approach to sample size calculations for cross-sectional studies designed to estimate sensitivity and specificity of one or more diagnostic tests. Sample size calculations can be made for common study designs such as one test in one population, two conditionally independent or dependent tests in ≤2 populations, and three tests in ≤2 populations. We determine a sample size combination that yields high predictive probability, with respect to the future study data, of accurate and precise estimates of sensitivity and specificity. We also consider hypothesis testing for demonstrating the superiority or equivalence of one diagnostic test relative to another. The predictive probability can also be computed when the sample size combination is fixed in advance, thereby providing a “power-like” measure for the future study. The method is straightforward to implement using the S-Plus/R library emBedBUGS together with WinBUGS.  相似文献   

Impact of urban development on streamflow regime of a Portuguese peri-urban Mediterranean catchment     

Carla Sofia Santos Ferreira  Rory Peter Dominic Walsh  João Pedro Carvalho Nunes  Tammo S. Steenhuis  Manuel Nunes  João Luís Mendes Pedroso de Lima  Celeste Oliveira Alves Coelho  António José Dinis Ferreira 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(11):2580-2593

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Novel protein from Labramia bojeri A. DC. seeds homologue to Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor with lectin-like properties     

Macedo ML  Freire Md  Martins LT  Martinez DS  Gomes VM  Smolka MB  Toyama MH  Marangoni S  Coelho LC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(25):7548-7554

This study starts by isolating and characterizing the first protein from Labramia bojeri seeds, which belong to the Sapotaceae family. The purified lectin analyzed by SDS-PAGE with and without beta-mercaptoethanol shows two protein bands (M(r) = 19 and 20 kDa), which cannot be resolved. Protein bands have shown similar characteristics as molecular masses, determined by gel filtration and native gel; N-terminal sequences presented a difference in their isoelectric points. We have suggested that those protein bands might be variants of the protein named Labramin. The sequence database search has shown that the N-terminal sequence of Labramin presented a high degree of homology to Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor (82-52%) despite no trypsin inhibition activity detection. The lectin-like form from Labramin was better inhibited by glycoproteins and has also presented growth inhibition of the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but it has not presented an apparent effect on Fusarium oxysporum.  相似文献   

Hierarchical models for estimating herd prevalence and test accuracy in the absence of a gold standard     

Timothy?HansonEmail author  Wesley?O.?Johnson  Ian?A.?Gardner 《Journal of Agricultural, Biological & Environmental Statistics》2003,8(2):223-239

A common assumption made in studies involving two or more binary diagnostic tests in the absence of a gold standard is one of conditional independence among tests given disease status. Although reasonable in some cases, often this assumption is untenable or untested and may lead to biased results. We proposed a class of hierarchical models for the purpose of estimating the herd-level prevalence distribution and the accuracies of two tests in the absence of a gold standard when several exchangeable populations with differing disease prevalence are available for sampling, relaxing the assumption of conditional independence between tests. The models are used to estimate the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in Mexican cow herds and to estimate the error rates of two tests for the detection of swine pneumonia.  相似文献